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Rad Principles > Spatial Resolution > Flashcards

Spatial Resolution Flashcards

1
Q

Define resolution

A

The accuracy & clarity in which anatomical lines are seen(sharpness of an image)

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2
Q

What is resolution also referred to as

A

Sharpness
Detail
Definition

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3
Q

What is an objective evaluation of sharpness

A

Measuring the amount of sharpness on the image

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4
Q

How is spatial resolution measured

A

Line pairs / millimeter

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5
Q

More line pairs = good resolution or bad resolution

A

Good resolution

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6
Q

What is the test tool range

A

0.5 - 5.0 line pairs per millimeter

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7
Q

What is the maximum line pairs per millimeter for Digital radiography

A

4 line pairs per millimeter

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8
Q

What is the maximum line pairs per millimeter for computed radiography

A

6 line pairs per millimeter

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9
Q

What are line pairs in a given length referred to as

A

Spatial frequency

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10
Q

What creates one wave length?

A

One line and one space

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11
Q

Define spatial frequency

A

Number of waves passing a fixed point per second

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12
Q

What is spatial frequency measured in

A

Cycles per unit of length
(Ex: 6 cycles / millimeter)

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13
Q

Are spatial frequency and spatial resolution the same?

A

Yes

Spatial resolution uses line pairs per millimeter

Spatial frequency uses cycles per length

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14
Q

What is spatial resolution measured on

A

The sharpness of an image

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15
Q

How is spatial frequency measured

A

Represent the structural complexity of anatomical organs

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16
Q

What is the relationship between spatial frequency and anatomy size

A

Inverse relationship

17
Q

Define modulation transfer function ( MTF)

A

Ability for imaging system to display small objects on the image

18
Q

What is the relationship between MTF & spatial frequency

A

Inverse relationship
As spatial frequency increases, MTF decreases

( the more detail required to see anatomy, the more difficult it is to see so…the less MTF is needed)

19
Q

What are the 3 types of resolution sharpness from the chart?

A

Geometric
Digital
Motion

20
Q

Define geometric sharpness

A

Factors that relates to the primary beam itself
- focal spot size & Distance (SID)

21
Q

Define motion unsharpness

A

Due to patient or equipment motion

22
Q

Define digital sharpness

A

Factors that inherent in digital systems that affect sharpness

23
Q

In geometric sharpness, if you increase SID to hat happens to resolution and why

A

Resolution increases because as SID increases the beam diverges LESS

24
Q

In geometric sharpness, if you increase OID what happens to resolution and why?

A

Resolution decreases because as OID increases the remnant X-rays diverge more

25
Q

In geometric sharpness if you increase FSS what happens to resolution and why

A

Resolution will decrease because as FSS increases, x rays will originate from larger surface area( more divergence)

26
Q

In digital resolution , smaller pixels make for what….which make what?

A

Smaller pixels means more pixels in the image & more pixels is better spatial resolution

27
Q

In digital resolution, what is the matrix

A

Layout (grid) of the total number of pixels

( 5x5 matrix = 25 pixels)

28
Q

Define pixel pitch

A

As pixels per mm increase the distance between them decreases

29
Q

If the size of each pixel decreases how would it effect

Matrix size
# of pixel/ mm
Pixel pitch
Spatial resolution

A

Matrix size increases
# of pixels /mm increase
Pixel pitch will decrease
Spatial resolution will increase

30
Q

How it matrix size determined

A

By detector elements

31
Q

Smaller Detector Elements produce what

A

More pixels , which makes larger matrix size, and a smaller DEL pitch for better resolution

32
Q

How will high fill factors effect spatial resolution

A

Better spatial resolution

33
Q

What’s the best way to help reduce motion

A

Lower exposure time
Communication
Immobilization

34
Q

What are the reasons we use immobilization

A

For pt safety
Reduce repeats
Personal safety

35
Q

Which factors have NO effect of spatial resolution

A

Contrast
Kvp
mAs
Grid
Tube filtration
Collimation

Rad Principles (7 decks)

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