Sparks Flashcards

1
Q

What does an atom consist of?

A

An atom consists of a small positively charged nucleus surrounded by an equal number of negatively charged electrons.

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2
Q

The law of electric charge states that:

A

Like charges repel, unlike charges attract.

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3
Q

All electrostatic effects are due:

A

to the movement of electrons.

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4
Q

What is in a stable atom?

A

In a stable, neutral atom there are the same amounts of positive and negative charges.

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5
Q

Rubbing polythene rod

A

When a polythene rod is rubbed with a duster, electricons are transferred from the duster to the polythene, making the polyethene rod negatively charged.

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6
Q

Rubbing acetate rod

A

When a acetate rod is rubbed with a duster, electrons are transferred from the acetate to the duster, making the acetate rod positively charged.

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7
Q

In general an object has:

A
  • A negative charge due to an excess of electrons
  • A positive charge due to a lack of electrons
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8
Q

Ions

A

Atoms or molecules that have become charged are ions.

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9
Q

Dangers of electrostatic shock

A
  • When flammable gases or vapours are present, or there is a high concentration of oxygen, a spark from static electricity could ignite the gases of vapours and cause an explosion.
  • If a person touches something at a high voltage, large amounts of electric charge may flow through their body to earth,
  • Even small amounts of charge flowing through the body can be fatal.
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10
Q

When is static electricity a nuisance?

A
  • Dust and dirt particles are attracted to insulators, such as TV screens.
  • Clothes made from synthetic fibres often ‘cling’ to eachother and to the body.
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11
Q

Electric shocks can be avoided in the following ways:

A
  • If an object that is likely to become charged is connected to the earth, any build-up of charge would immediately flow down the earth wire.
  • In a factory where machinery is at risk of becoming charged, the operator stands on an insulating rubber mat so that charge cannot flow through them to earth.
  • Shoes with insulating soles are worn by workers if there is a risk of charge building up so that charge cannot flow through them to eart.
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12
Q

How are fuel tankers connected to an aircraft?

A

Fuel tankers are connected to an aircraft by a conducting cable during refuelling.

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13
Q

Anti-static spray

A

Anti-static sprays, liquids and cloths made from conducting materials carry away electric charge. This prevents a build-up of charge.

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