Spanish Cset 2 Flashcards
Cuba, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica, Puerto Rico
Greater Antilles
Panama capital and currency
Ciudad de Panama - Balboa
Dominican Republic
Island of Santo Domingo
Capitol: Santo Domingo
Agriculture: Sugarcane
Currency: Dominican Peso
Cuba
Last Spanish Colony in the new world
Capital: Havana
Currency: Peso
Dictatorship
Puerto Rico
Unincorporated U.S Territory
Capital: San Juan
Currency: U.S. Dollar
Guatemala
Capital: Ciudad De Guatemala
Currency: Quetzal
Agriculture: Coffee, Sugarcane, banana
El Salvador
Capital: San Salvador
Currency: Colon
Agriculture: Coffee
Smallest country in Central America
Costa Rica
Capital: San Jose
Currency: Colones
Agriculture: Pineapple, Cocoa
Chile, Bolivia, Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay, Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador
South America Countries that speak Spanish
Guyana, Surnam, Trinidad and Tobago, Brazil
Non Spanish speaking countries in South America
Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama
Central America
A fleet of ships who were vary strong but were defeated by Queen Elizabeth the 1st. This started the demise of the Spanish Empire
Spanish Armada
Big influence in Europe Carlos II de España hasta Felipe V
Bourbons
Spanish Author
Generation of 98
These artist affected by moral, political, and social crisis in Spain
Their message was that Spain needed to abandon their traditions and integrate into Europe
Miguel de Unamuno
Purpose was to discover and punish heretics and crimes against blasphemy, bigamy and forbidden books.
Abolished in 1843
Inquisition
Spanish Dictator 1936 - 1939 defeated the republic and made Spain an absolute dictatorship until his death in 1975
General Francisco Franco
President of Argentina
1868 - 1874
Writer and Politician
Domingo Faustino Sarmiento
Writer from Uruguay
Influenced by Edgar Alan Poe
Horacio Quiroga
Estados Unidos Mexicanos
(Mexico)
Capital: D.F. Ciudad De Mexico
Economic: Agricultural, Mining, Tourism
Currency: Mexican Peso
Known for Aztecs, Mayans, Chichimecas
Nicaragua
Capital: Managua
Currency: Cordoba
Agriculture: Cotton, Sugar, Banana
First Central American country to gain independence
Ecuador
Capital: Quito
Currency: U.S. Dollar
Agriculture: Banana
Discovered by Spaniard in 1527
Colombia
Capital: Bogota
Currency: Colombian Peso
Agriculture: Coffee, Corn, Rice
Fist Spanish speaking country in South America below Panama
Spaniards called it “Nueva Granada”
Uruguay
Capital: Montevideo
Currency: Uruguay Peso
Establish as a country in 1825
Venezuela
Capital: Caracas
Currency: Bolivar
Agriculture: Cocoa
Declared independence in 1811
Argentina
Capital: Buenos Aires
Currency: Argentine Peso
Economy: Livestock, Oil
Known for: Andes Mountains
Spanish rule until 1816
Paraguay
Capital: Asunción
Currency: Guarani
Official Language: Spanish, Guarani
Landlocked a river divided it east and west.
Fought Spain and Argentina
Bolivia
Capital: La Paz
Currency: Boliviano
Economy: Silver
National Language: Spanish, Quechua, Aymara
Peru
Capital: Lima
Currency: Sol
Economy: Agriculture
Language: Spanish, Quechua
Known for: Andes mountain and Machu Pichu
Cantante Cubana
Salsera
Salsa Queen
Celia Cruz
Boterismo
Colombian
Painter, Matador
Exaggerates volumes
Fernando Botero
Spanish opera singer
Educated in Mexico
Pacido Domingo
Mexican Painter
Bright Colors
Influence by surrealism
Married Diego Rivera
Frida Khalo
Argentina
Writer/Painter
El Tunel
Ernesto Sabato
17th century
Portraits
“Las Meninas”
Influenced Dalí & Picasso
Diego Valazques
Roman influence
Moorish
Romanesque/Gothic
Gaudí
Spanish Architecture
Spanish Started 17th century
Opera/Theatre
Went to Cuba in the 19th century
Zarzuela
Luis Buñuel, Carlos Saura, Pedro Almodóvar
Spanish Cinema
Created in 1713
Regulates Spanish language
Royal Spanish Academy
Spanish speaking countries use this form of measurement
Metric/Imperial System
Nationalist vs Republicans
Nationalist won the war
Divided the country
Spain became a dictatorship for 40 years until Franco died
Spanish Civil war
Mexican painter/muralist
Politics influenced his work
Jose Clemente Orozco
Spanish painter
Painted what he wanted, not what he was told
Francisco Goya
Famous Mexican Muralist
Revaporization of Mexican roots
Diego Rivera
Singing poem from 1140 by an anonymous author takes place during the reconstruction
El canto de mio Cid
Baleares, Canarias, Ceuta, & Melia
Spanish Possessions
Author Don Q
Fought in a war, lost one arm “El Manco”
Miguel de Cervantes
Spanish novelist
Tried to introduce naturalism
First woman to graduate from the university
Emilia pardo Bazam
Spanish author
Realist novels and chronicles mixed reality and fiction
“Dona Perfecta”
“Gloria Fortunata y Jacinta”
“Misericordia”
Benito Perez Galdos
Alfonso el Sabio
King of Castilla-Leon
Made Castilian the office language of Spain
Alfonso X (The 10th)
Spain wanted to recover the land from the Muslim who invaded in 711 AD
Granada was the last city
La Reconquista
711 AD the Muslims from Africa invaded Spain. Under Arab control until 1492.
Arab influence is everywhere in Spain and it culture.
“Al”
Mosque en Cordoba
The Muslims in Spain
Iberian Peninsula
Spanish language originated here
Spain
Writer, drama, poetry, theater, super-realist
Reality and Fantasy
“La Casa de Bernarda Alba”
Assassinated for being a Communist
Federico Garcia Lorca
1320’s
Juan Ruiz
Commentary on love and its behavior
El Libro De Buen Amor
Writer from Argentina
Essays, novels, reality, fantasy and the absurd
Julio Cortázar
Poet, Playwright
Founded the Teatro Nacional de España
Felix Lope de Vega
Artist inspired by El Greco & Goya
Hated Franco & the fascistas
Pablo Picasso
Pre-Colombian writer explained the Mayan myth that explains the creation of the world
Popol Vuh
12th -13th century
Moorish in Spain
Alhambra
Peruvian novelist
Isabel Presley (Enriqe Iglesia’s mom) Girlfriend
Examines the vulgarity of human nature
Mario Vargas Llosa
Born in Peru but wrote in Chile Fantasy/Reality
“La Casa de Los Espíritus”
Isabel Allende
Artist
Surrealist
Painter
Barcelona
Dali
Mexico
Novelist, short stories, realism, historic stories based on poor, ignorant country people
Juan Rulfo
Spanish writer born in Argentina, metaphysical problems
Jorge Luis Borgas
Colombia
Nobel Prize for literature
“Cien Años de Soledad”
Gabriel Garcia Marquez
Novelist wanted to protect Mexican culture
Carlos Fuentes
Uruguay
Modernist essays
Prose
Warned about the North American influence
José Enrique Rodo
Writer/Poet
Nicaragua
Modernist
Searched for the idea beauty against materialism
Rubén Dario
Argentina General
Liberated Argentina & Chile
Protector of Peru
Jose de S. Martin
First asked Portugal but was denied
Approved by Spain
Arrived in the Americas in October 1492
Cristobal Colon
Mexico
Priest and patriot
Have a cry in Dolores Hidalgo, Guanajuato
“The Cry of Dolores” started the Mexican War of Independence from Spain
Miguel Hidalgo y Castillo
Known as Mexicas (Meshicas)
Native people of central Mexico
One of the most popular groups of mesoamericana
Language: Nahuatl
Aztecs
Yucatán, Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, Belize
Famous for Matan Calendar and Chichenitza
Mayans
Inhabited Peru, Ecuador, Bolivia, Argentina, and Chile
Language: Quechua
Machupichu
Incas
Mexican Muralist, realistic, Mexican Revolution
David Alfonso Siqueiros
Spanish conquistador, founded “Española conquer of the Aztecs abused the natives
Hernán Cortés
Cuba
Writer/Political modernist
Fought against Spain
Jose Marti
Chile
Poet
Marxist
Identified with the victims of war, Social Injustice and tyranny
Pablo Nureda
Liberator of Venezuela
Simon Bolivar
The works of which of the following writers are representative of the Latin American boom?
a. Octavio Paz
b. Horacio Quiroga
c. Julio Cortázar
d. Gabriel Mistral
c. Julio Cortázar
Works are representative of nueva novela hispanoamericana movement of the 1960’s
Latin America literature witnessed the onset of chronicles as a results of which of the following events.
a. Mexican American War
b. Independence of America from Europe
c. Spanish Civil War
d. Arrival of the Spaniards in the new world
D. Arrival of the Spaniards in the new world. Chronicles are the writings of early Spaniards arrival to the new world around the 15th century. The purpose was to narrate their adventure, describe the new reality encountered, justified their actions and take credit for their deedand descovery
“The direct opposite was, a sharp contrast
Antithesis
A comparison without using like or as.
Metaphor
A figure of speech that uses exaggeration to express strong emotions, make a point, or evoke humor
Hyperbole
A figure of speech in which one word or phrase is substituted for another which is closely associated (such as “Crown” for “Royalty”
Metonymy
A comparison using “like” or “as”
Simile
Which of the following best describes an important reason for the renaissance of Spanish literature during the early years of the twentieth century?
a. A critical analysis of Spanish culture following the Spanish defeat in the Spanish Americans War of 1898.
b. An interest in scientific realism in response to Darwinism
c. A spirit of optimism rooted in the economic prosperity following Spains industrialization
A. Spain’s defeat in the Spanish American War was a major blow to the country’s international prestige. In response, a group os Spanish intellectuals and writers known as the Generation of 1898. They focused their energies on an analysis of the country’s problems and destiny in an effort to promote a sense of national pride. Their work resulted in a major reinvigoration of Spain literature
Which of the following best describes the opposing social and political forces in the Spanish Civil War of 1930s?
A. landlords and the army against defenders of the Catholic Church
B. liberal supporters of a republican government against conservative proponents of a fascist-oriented government
C. nationalist and socialists against communists and anarchists
D. conservative supporters of a monarchical government against radical proponents of a military dictatorship
(B)
Political changes in Spain during the Second Republic of the 1930s polarized the country politically. On the left, a group of liberals who supported republican government drew support from workers, agricultural laborers, intellectuals, and certain elements of the middle class. They were opposed by a group of conservative landowners, business-people, and many leaders. The conservatives’ victory in the Civil War resulted in the creation of a fascist-oriented government.
In 1914, Mexican anthropologist Manuel Gamio wrote that Mexico did not constitute a nation in the European sense, but rather was made up many small nations that differed in speech, economy, social organization, and psychology. Garmio’s view of Mexico best describes which of the following aspects of Mexican society?
A. the decentralized form of government in Mexico and the administrative autonomy given to regional officials
B. the different interests and goals of social classes within the rigid class structure of Mexican society
C. the resistance of the country’s disparate geographical regions to uniting under a central government following independence
D. the existence of large populations of indigenous and mixed-blood people with diverse cultural traditions
( D )
Mexico is multi ethnic nation. The country’s 56 distinct indigenous people (pueblos indios) form a sizable portion of the population, and 13 of Mexico’s 31 states are considered “eminent indigenous” by the National Indigenous Institute. Within these areas, distinct patterns of speech, social institutions, and cultural identities remained strong into and throughout the twentieth century. Generations of intermarriage between indigenous and non-indigenous peoples has added to Mexico’s rich cultural diversity.
The extensive use of rice, nuts, and figs, as well as spices such as saffron, cumin, and anise, reflect the influence of which of the following in Spanish cuisine?
A. the trade that developed between Spain and the Americas
B. the proximity of both European and North African countries
C. the Muslim invaders who occupied Spain for 750 years
D. the diverse ethnic character of Spain’s different regions
( C )
The Muslim invaders who occupied areas of Spain from the 8th century to the end of the 15th century were bearers of a rich cultural heritage. Their influence of Spanish cuisine included the introduction of rice and spices, nuts, and fruits common to North Africa, along with new styles of food preparation such as marinating fish in a vinegary sauce and combining sweet and spicy foods.
Tiradas
series de versos con una misma rima asonante.
Cantar de mio Cid
( 1200 )
Manuscrito
* primera obra narrativa extensa de la literatura española en una lengua romance
Hemistiquio
la mitad o fragmento de un verso que se mide en métrica como si fuese un verso entero y va separada de la otra mitad por una pausa en la entonación o cesura.
Neoclasicismo
expresión estética de este movimiento intelectual (la ilustracion )
Peyorativo
es el uso del lenguaje con una finalidad negativa para lo que se designa.
Ilustración
Siglo 17 y 18
Fue un movimiento cultural e intelectual europeo (especialmente en Francia e Inglaterra) que se desarrolló desde fines del siglo XVII (17) .
Fue denominado así por su declarada finalidad de disipar las tinieblas de la humanidad mediante las luces de la razón
Jarcha
siglo XI - XIV
Breves composiciones líricas de carácter amoroso, escritas en árabe vulgar, o en la lengua romance de los cristianos que vivían en al-Ándalus (mozárabes).
Romance (poesía)
Siglo XV
es un poema característico de la tradición oral, y se populariza en el siglo XV, en que se recogen por primera vez por escrito en colecciones denominadas romanceros.
El Renacimiento
El período histórico que sucede a la Edad Media en Europa , comprende todo el siglo XVI (16) aunque sus precedentes se encuentran en los siglos XIV (14) y XV (15) y sus influencias se dejan notar en el XVII (17).
Se inició en Italia y se extendió por toda Europa favorecido por el invento de la imprenta.
Diego Velazquez
1599-1660
Spanish painter of 17th century
Portraitist : royalty, King Philip IV, nobles, commoners
Famous works:
Las Meninas, a baroque portrayal of the infant Margarita
Influenced impressionists and realists of the 19th century such as Picasso and Dalî
Frida Kahlo
1907-1954
Mexican painter of the 20th century
Married to Diego Rivera
She used bright colors
Known by her self portraits
Enesto Sabato
1911-2011
Argentine writer, painter
Translated scientific books, and wrote articles about literature, science, metaphysics, and politics.
Works: El Tunel, Sobre Heroes y Tumbas
almost 100 years old when he died
Fernando Botero
1932- alive ( 83 )
Painter from Medillin, Colombia
In his paintings, he uses exaggerated and disproportionate volumes, especially to depict human figure, adding humorous details to show criticism and irony
Boterismo
Placido Domingo
1941-Alive ( 74 )
Spanish opera singer educated in Mexico
1960s went back to Spain and was very successful
Famous operas:
Marina, Carmen, Rigoletto, Don Rodrigo
Record to appeared most times at the New York Metropolitan Opera
Director of the Los Angeles Opera of the Distrito de Colombia
Francisco Goya
1746-1828
Spanish painter
From baroque–rococo–neoclassicism—expressionism
First painter to have painted what he wanted and not what the king or the church told him to paint.
Works: El tres de Mayo—shows the execution of Spanish soldiers by the French Army
Jose Clemente Orozco
1883-1949
Mexican painter.
1 of the 3 muralist
Focused on the Mexican Revolution and the Pre-Colombian culture
Less political than Rivera
Works: Omnisciencia, Luchas Proletarias, La justicia, Buena vida, La independencia nacional
Diego Rivera
1886-1957
Mexican painter.
Influenced by Italian Renaissance and by the Russian communist movement
Revalorization of the indigenous Mexican roots.
Works: La creacion, La leyenda de Quetzalcoatl, Historia de Mexico, Sueño de una tarde dominical en la Alameda central
Works found in Palacio de Bellas Artes, the Palacio Nacional, New York, and Detroit
Celia Cruz
1925-2003
Cuban singer
known as the queen of salsa or Guarachera de Cuba
23 golden albums
recorded with Tito Puente, Johnny Pacheco
Most influential of cuban music of the 20th c
Songs: La vida es un carnaval, La negra tiene tumbao, Rie y llora
David Alfaro Siqueiros
1896-1974
Mexican painter
1 out 3 muralist
Realistic murals after the revolution
Influenced by Marxist messages
Works: Nueva democracia, Victimas de la guerra, Victimas del facismo, El entierro del obrero sacrificado,
Los mitos, el llamado de la libertad
3 muralist of Mexico
Diego Rivera
Jose Clemente Orozco
David Alfaro Siqueiros’
Salvador Dali
1904-1989
Spanish surrealist painter
Cubist
Works: La cesta de pan, el hombre invisible, La persistencia de la memoria, Metamorfosis de Narciso, Madona de Port Lligat, Utima cena, El descubrimiento de America por Colon
Isabel Allende
1942- Alive
( 73 )
Writer
Born in Peru, shorty moved to Chile
Fantastic with the real = magic realism
Works: La casa de los espiritus
Mario Vargas Llosa
1936
(79) alive
Writer Peru
Realism Politics 2010 Nobel Prize of Lit
Works: Los Jefes, la ciudad y los perros, Conversacion en la cathedral, Pantaleon y las visitadoras, Lituma en los Andes, La guerra de fin de mundo, Quien mato a Palomo Montero?
Alhambra
Built between 12th and 13th century in Granada when the Moors occupied Spain
Later, the Catholic kings built their own palaces in this
Several buildings and different parts
decorations made of marble, stucco, and tile
1948 World heritage site
Popol Vuh
AKA El libro del consejo
anonymous
Mayan-Quiche language and later translated to Spanish
All about Mayans
Pablo Picasso
1881-1973
Spanish painter
Born in Malaga but lived in Madrid, Barcelona, and Paris
Cubist ans surrealists works
Inspired by Francisco Goya El greco
hated fascist government of Franco, and turn to communism
Works: Guernica, Dora Maar au chat, Massacre en Correo
Felix Lopez de Vega
1562-1635
Spanish writer
Spanish Golden Century of Baroque literature.
poetry, theater plays, and prose
Founded Teatro Nacional de España
known as the father of modern comedy
Works: El perro del hortelano, La viuda de Valencia, Fuente Ovejuna
Prose: Arcadia, El peregrino
El isidro, Rimas sacras, La Filomena
Julio Cortazar
1914-1984
Argentinian writer
stories, essays, and novels
Narrative art
reality, fantasy and absurd
surrealist images
Works: Rayuela, Final de juego, Bestiario, Las armas secretas, Los premios, Nicaragua tan violentamente dulce
Horacio Quiroga
1878-1937
Uruguayan writer
known for his short stories, poetry
influenced by Edgar Allan Poe
elements of horror
known as writer of the bizarre
Works: Arrecife de coral, Pasado amor, de locura y muerte
Juan Rulfo
1917-1986
1940’s
Mexican writer
novels and short stories
considered the most profound Mexican prose writer. Magic realism
social injustice, hard life, pain, and suffering
use of ghosts and supernatural
Works: El llano en llamas, Pedro Paramo
Jorge Luis Borges
1899-1986
Spanish writer born in Argentina
poetry, essays, stories
English professor in Buenos Aires
Founder of “ultraism”
Fantasy and metaphysics
genre: cosmosvision
Works: Fervor de Buenos Aires, Luna de enfrente, Cuaderno de San Martin
Historia universal de la infamia
El jardin de los senderos, Historia de la eternidad
Gabriel Garcia Marquez
1927-2014
Colombian writer
Cien años de soledad
magic realism
1982 nobel prize of lit
works: la horasca, El coronel no tiene quien le escriba,
amor en tiempos de colera, el general en su laberinto
Carlos Fuentes
1928-2012
Mexican writer
Mexican culture and how to preserve it–novels
real themes in fictional works
Works: La region mas transparente, Las buenas conciencias, Cambio de piel, Terra nostra
Jose Enrique Rodo
1871-1917
Uruguayan writer
Modernistic essays
known as the best modernist prose writer
Warning about the North American influence in Latin America
Wanted youth to reject materialism and to embrace culture
Tried to connect modern literature to spiritualism
works: Ariel, Los motivos de Proteo
Domingo Faustino Sarmiento
1811-1888
Argentinian writer and politician
essays and novels
president of Argentina 1868-1874
Fought against ignorance, chieftains, and dictatorship
Works: Civilizacion y barbarie: Vida de Juan Facundo Quiroga
De la educacion popular, Recuerdos de provincia
Ruben Dario
1867-1916
Writer from Nicaragua
Spanish-American literature
poetry, searched for ideal beauty
social problems created by materialism
Works: Prosas profundas, Cantos de vida y esperanza, Canto errante
Prose: Azul, Peregrinaciones, Historias de mis libros
Jose Marti
1853-1895
Cuban writer and politician
modernistic pieces
hero of Cuban independence, fought against Spaniards
Works: freedom and liberalism, Ismalillo, Versos libres,
Versos sencillos, Amistad funesta, El presidio en Cuba
La Republica española ante la revolucion cubana
Cartas de Nueva York
Latin American Boom
1960-1970s
The Latin American Boom was a flourishing of literature, poetry and criticism in Latin America during the 1960s and 1970s, when writers from this region explored new ideas and came to international renown in a way that had not happened previously.
Major representatives of
Latin American Boom
Julio Cortazar
Carlos Fuentes
Gabriel Garcia Marquez
Mario Vargas Llosa
Roberto Bolaño
1953-2003
Born in Chile
Post Latin American Boom
Novelist, short-story writer, poet, and essays
1999 won the Romulo Gallegos Prize
Works: La literatura Nazi en las Americas
Spanish-American War
1898
Lasted 10 weeks
was a conflict in 1898 between Spain and the United States, the result of U.S. intervention in the Cuban War of Independence. U.S. attacks on Spain’s Pacific possessions led to involvement in the Philippine Revolution and ultimately to the Philippine-American War.
Gabriel Mistral
1889-1957
Chilean
Diplomat, educator and feminists
pseudonym of Lucila Godoy Alcayaga
received the Nobel Prize in Literature, in 1945 “for her lyric poetry which, inspired by powerful emotions, has made her name a symbol of the idealistic aspirations of the entire Latin American world
Stanza
A group of lines forming the basic recurring metrical unit in a poem
Octavio Paz
1914-1998
Mexican writer
essays and poetry
neither an idealist or symbolist because his very unique way of writing
themes: loneliness and existential restlessness
Works: Libertad bajo palabra, El laberinto de la soledad, Sor juan inez de la Cruz
Jose de San Martin
1778-1850
was an Argentine general and the prime leader of the southern part of South America’s successful struggle for independence from the Spanish Empire
Known as the protector of Peru
Bernardo O’Higgins
1778-1842
was a Chilean independence leader who, together with José de San Martín, freed Chile from Spanish rule in the Chilean War of Independence
Simon Bolivar
1783-1830
was a Venezuelan military and political leader who played an instrumental role in the establishment of Venezuela, Ecuador, Bolivia, Peru and Colombia as sovereign states, independent of Spanish rule.
Critobal Colon
Christopher Columbus was an Italian explorer, navigator, colonizer and citizen of the Republic of Genoa. Under the auspices of the Catholic Monarchs of Spain, he completed four voyages across the Atlantic Ocean.
Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz
1651-1695
Mexican poet
was a self-taught scholar and poet of the Baroque school, and Hieronymite nun of New Spain, known in her lifetime as “The Tenth Muse.”
wrote about the disadvantages of being a woman
Works: Primer sueño, El divino narciso, Respuesta a Sor Filotea de la Cruz
Hernan Cortes
1485-1547
was a Spanish Conquistador who led an expedition that caused the fall of the Aztec Empire and brought large portions of mainland Mexico under the rule of the King of Castile in the early 16th century. Cortés was part of the generation of Spanish colonizers who began the first phase of the Spanish colonization of the Americas.
Francisco Pizarro
Spanish conquistador who conquered the Incan Empire. Born in Trujillo, Spain, the illegitimate son of an infantry colonel, and Francisca González, a woman of poor means
Atahualpa
Atahualpa, also Atahuallpa, Atabalipa or Atawallpa was the last Sapa Inca of the Inca Empire before the Spanish conquest.
General Francisco Franco
1892-1975
In 1934, led a campaign against the Republican government and divided Spain in rights and leftists. In 1936, the Spanish Civil War started.
He defeated the republicans and established an absolute dictatorship
Many political prisoners during his command
Was supported by the church and by the army
Dictatorship: lack of freedom, oppression, and support from the financial oligarchy
Miguel de Unamuno
1864-1936
was a Spanish essayist, novelist, poet, playwright, philosopher, and Greek professor, and later rector at the University of Salamanca.
An author from the generation of the 98
works: del sentimiento tragico de la vida, Paz en la guerra, Niebla
Genracion del 98
A group of Spanish writers, essayists, and poets that were affected by the moral, political, and social crisis in Spain in the last decade of the 19th century at the time of the Spanish-American war
Key figures of the
generacion del 98
Joaquín Costa
Ángel Ganivet
Miguel de Unamuno
Ramón del Valle-Inclán
José Martínez Ruiz (Azorín)
Pío Baroja
Antonio Machado
Manuel Machado
Ramiro de Maeztu
Benito Perez Galdos
1843-1920
Spanish
was a realist novelist. Some authorities consider him second only to Cervantes in stature as a Spanish novelist. He was the leading literary figure in 19th century Spain.
Emilia Pardo Bazan
1851-1921
Spanish
novelist, journalist, essayist, critic and scholar from Galicia
Known as the Countess
tried to introduce naturalism in Spain
Works: La madre naturaleza, Los pasos de la Ulloa, Cuentos de la tierra, La tribuna
Federico Garcia Lorca
1898-1936
Spanish poet, playwright, and theatre director
García Lorca achieved international recognition as an emblematic member of the Generation of ‘27. He was executed by Nationalist forces at the beginning of the Spanish Civil War.
Generacion del 27
was an influential group of poets that arose in Spanish literary circles between 1923 and 1927, essentially out of a shared desire to experience and work with avant-garde forms of art and poetry.
Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra
1547-1616
Spanish
Wrote the most popular Spanish novel, Don Quijote de la Mancha
Works: La galatea, Novelas ejemplares
El libro del buen amor
Written in 1320s by Juan Ruiz
Includes narrative, lyric, and didactic
It debates about love and if man should put aside his thirst for sex and embrace divine love instead
lyric
A type of poetry that explores the poet’s personal interpretation of and feelings about the world.
didactic
From the Greek, didactic literally means “teaching.” Didactic words have the primary aim of teaching or instructing,especially the teaching of moral or ethical principles.
Cantar de gesta
nombre dado a la epopeya escrita en la Edad Media o a una manifestación literaria extensa perteneciente a la épica que narra las hazañas de un héroe cuyas virtudes representan modelos para un pueblo o colectividad durante el Medievo.
Epopeya
es un canto épico o narrativo, escrito la mayor parte de las veces en verso largo (Hexámetro), o prosa, que consiste en la narración extensa de acciones transcendentales o dignas de memoria para un pueblo en torno a la figura de un héroe que representa sus virtudes de más estima.
