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Spanish Cset 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Cuba, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica, Puerto Rico

A

Greater Antilles

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2
Q

Panama capital and currency

A

Ciudad de Panama - Balboa

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3
Q

Dominican Republic

A

Island of Santo Domingo
Capitol: Santo Domingo
Agriculture: Sugarcane
Currency: Dominican Peso

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4
Q

Cuba

A

Last Spanish Colony in the new world
Capital: Havana
Currency: Peso
Dictatorship

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5
Q

Puerto Rico

A

Unincorporated U.S Territory
Capital: San Juan
Currency: U.S. Dollar

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6
Q

Guatemala

A

Capital: Ciudad De Guatemala
Currency: Quetzal
Agriculture: Coffee, Sugarcane, banana

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7
Q

El Salvador

A

Capital: San Salvador
Currency: Colon
Agriculture: Coffee
Smallest country in Central America

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8
Q

Costa Rica

A

Capital: San Jose
Currency: Colones
Agriculture: Pineapple, Cocoa

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9
Q

Chile, Bolivia, Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay, Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador

A

South America Countries that speak Spanish

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10
Q

Guyana, Surnam, Trinidad and Tobago, Brazil

A

Non Spanish speaking countries in South America

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11
Q

Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama

A

Central America

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12
Q

A fleet of ships who were vary strong but were defeated by Queen Elizabeth the 1st. This started the demise of the Spanish Empire

A

Spanish Armada

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13
Q

Big influence in Europe Carlos II de España hasta Felipe V

A

Bourbons

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14
Q

Spanish Author
Generation of 98
These artist affected by moral, political, and social crisis in Spain
Their message was that Spain needed to abandon their traditions and integrate into Europe

A

Miguel de Unamuno

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15
Q

Purpose was to discover and punish heretics and crimes against blasphemy, bigamy and forbidden books.
Abolished in 1843

A

Inquisition

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16
Q

Spanish Dictator 1936 - 1939 defeated the republic and made Spain an absolute dictatorship until his death in 1975

A

General Francisco Franco

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17
Q

President of Argentina
1868 - 1874
Writer and Politician

A

Domingo Faustino Sarmiento

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18
Q

Writer from Uruguay
Influenced by Edgar Alan Poe

A

Horacio Quiroga

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19
Q

Estados Unidos Mexicanos
(Mexico)

A

Capital: D.F. Ciudad De Mexico
Economic: Agricultural, Mining, Tourism
Currency: Mexican Peso
Known for Aztecs, Mayans, Chichimecas

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20
Q

Nicaragua

A

Capital: Managua
Currency: Cordoba
Agriculture: Cotton, Sugar, Banana
First Central American country to gain independence

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21
Q

Ecuador

A

Capital: Quito
Currency: U.S. Dollar
Agriculture: Banana
Discovered by Spaniard in 1527

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22
Q

Colombia

A

Capital: Bogota
Currency: Colombian Peso
Agriculture: Coffee, Corn, Rice
Fist Spanish speaking country in South America below Panama
Spaniards called it “Nueva Granada”

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23
Q

Uruguay

A

Capital: Montevideo
Currency: Uruguay Peso
Establish as a country in 1825

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24
Q

Venezuela

A

Capital: Caracas
Currency: Bolivar
Agriculture: Cocoa
Declared independence in 1811

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25
Q

Argentina

A

Capital: Buenos Aires
Currency: Argentine Peso
Economy: Livestock, Oil
Known for: Andes Mountains
Spanish rule until 1816

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26
Q

Paraguay

A

Capital: Asunción
Currency: Guarani
Official Language: Spanish, Guarani
Landlocked a river divided it east and west.
Fought Spain and Argentina

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27
Q

Bolivia

A

Capital: La Paz
Currency: Boliviano
Economy: Silver
National Language: Spanish, Quechua, Aymara

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28
Q

Peru

A

Capital: Lima
Currency: Sol
Economy: Agriculture
Language: Spanish, Quechua
Known for: Andes mountain and Machu Pichu

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29
Q

Cantante Cubana
Salsera
Salsa Queen

A

Celia Cruz

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30
Q

Boterismo
Colombian
Painter, Matador
Exaggerates volumes

A

Fernando Botero

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31
Q

Spanish opera singer
Educated in Mexico

A

Pacido Domingo

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32
Q

Mexican Painter
Bright Colors
Influence by surrealism
Married Diego Rivera

A

Frida Khalo

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33
Q

Argentina
Writer/Painter
El Tunel

A

Ernesto Sabato

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34
Q

17th century
Portraits
“Las Meninas”
Influenced Dalí & Picasso

A

Diego Valazques

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35
Q

Roman influence
Moorish
Romanesque/Gothic
Gaudí

A

Spanish Architecture

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36
Q

Spanish Started 17th century
Opera/Theatre
Went to Cuba in the 19th century

A

Zarzuela

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37
Q

Luis Buñuel, Carlos Saura, Pedro Almodóvar

A

Spanish Cinema

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38
Q

Created in 1713
Regulates Spanish language

A

Royal Spanish Academy

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39
Q

Spanish speaking countries use this form of measurement

A

Metric/Imperial System

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40
Q

Nationalist vs Republicans
Nationalist won the war
Divided the country
Spain became a dictatorship for 40 years until Franco died

A

Spanish Civil war

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41
Q

Mexican painter/muralist
Politics influenced his work

A

Jose Clemente Orozco

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42
Q

Spanish painter
Painted what he wanted, not what he was told

A

Francisco Goya

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43
Q

Famous Mexican Muralist
Revaporization of Mexican roots

A

Diego Rivera

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44
Q

Singing poem from 1140 by an anonymous author takes place during the reconstruction

A

El canto de mio Cid

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45
Q

Baleares, Canarias, Ceuta, & Melia

A

Spanish Possessions

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46
Q

Author Don Q
Fought in a war, lost one arm “El Manco”

A

Miguel de Cervantes

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47
Q

Spanish novelist
Tried to introduce naturalism
First woman to graduate from the university

A

Emilia pardo Bazam

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48
Q

Spanish author
Realist novels and chronicles mixed reality and fiction
“Dona Perfecta”
“Gloria Fortunata y Jacinta”
“Misericordia”

A

Benito Perez Galdos

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49
Q

Alfonso el Sabio
King of Castilla-Leon
Made Castilian the office language of Spain

A

Alfonso X (The 10th)

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50
Q

Spain wanted to recover the land from the Muslim who invaded in 711 AD
Granada was the last city

A

La Reconquista

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51
Q

711 AD the Muslims from Africa invaded Spain. Under Arab control until 1492.
Arab influence is everywhere in Spain and it culture.
“Al”
Mosque en Cordoba

A

The Muslims in Spain

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52
Q

Iberian Peninsula
Spanish language originated here

A

Spain

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53
Q

Writer, drama, poetry, theater, super-realist
Reality and Fantasy
“La Casa de Bernarda Alba”
Assassinated for being a Communist

A

Federico Garcia Lorca

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54
Q

1320’s
Juan Ruiz
Commentary on love and its behavior

A

El Libro De Buen Amor

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55
Q

Writer from Argentina
Essays, novels, reality, fantasy and the absurd

A

Julio Cortázar

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56
Q

Poet, Playwright
Founded the Teatro Nacional de España

A

Felix Lope de Vega

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57
Q

Artist inspired by El Greco & Goya
Hated Franco & the fascistas

A

Pablo Picasso

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58
Q

Pre-Colombian writer explained the Mayan myth that explains the creation of the world

A

Popol Vuh

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59
Q

12th -13th century
Moorish in Spain

A

Alhambra

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60
Q

Peruvian novelist
Isabel Presley (Enriqe Iglesia’s mom) Girlfriend
Examines the vulgarity of human nature

A

Mario Vargas Llosa

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61
Q

Born in Peru but wrote in Chile Fantasy/Reality
“La Casa de Los Espíritus”

A

Isabel Allende

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62
Q

Artist
Surrealist
Painter
Barcelona

A

Dali

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63
Q

Mexico
Novelist, short stories, realism, historic stories based on poor, ignorant country people

A

Juan Rulfo

64
Q

Spanish writer born in Argentina, metaphysical problems

A

Jorge Luis Borgas

65
Q

Colombia
Nobel Prize for literature
“Cien Años de Soledad”

A

Gabriel Garcia Marquez

66
Q

Novelist wanted to protect Mexican culture

A

Carlos Fuentes

67
Q

Uruguay
Modernist essays
Prose
Warned about the North American influence

A

José Enrique Rodo

68
Q

Writer/Poet
Nicaragua
Modernist
Searched for the idea beauty against materialism

A

Rubén Dario

69
Q

Argentina General
Liberated Argentina & Chile
Protector of Peru

A

Jose de S. Martin

70
Q

First asked Portugal but was denied
Approved by Spain
Arrived in the Americas in October 1492

A

Cristobal Colon

71
Q

Mexico
Priest and patriot
Have a cry in Dolores Hidalgo, Guanajuato
“The Cry of Dolores” started the Mexican War of Independence from Spain

A

Miguel Hidalgo y Castillo

72
Q

Known as Mexicas (Meshicas)
Native people of central Mexico
One of the most popular groups of mesoamericana
Language: Nahuatl

A

Aztecs

73
Q

Yucatán, Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, Belize
Famous for Matan Calendar and Chichenitza

A

Mayans

74
Q

Inhabited Peru, Ecuador, Bolivia, Argentina, and Chile
Language: Quechua
Machupichu

A

Incas

75
Q

Mexican Muralist, realistic, Mexican Revolution

A

David Alfonso Siqueiros

76
Q

Spanish conquistador, founded “Española conquer of the Aztecs abused the natives

A

Hernán Cortés

77
Q

Cuba
Writer/Political modernist
Fought against Spain

A

Jose Marti

78
Q

Chile
Poet
Marxist
Identified with the victims of war, Social Injustice and tyranny

A

Pablo Nureda

79
Q

Liberator of Venezuela

A

Simon Bolivar

80
Q

The works of which of the following writers are representative of the Latin American boom?

a. Octavio Paz
b. Horacio Quiroga
c. Julio Cortázar
d. Gabriel Mistral

A

c. Julio Cortázar
Works are representative of nueva novela hispanoamericana movement of the 1960’s

81
Q

Latin America literature witnessed the onset of chronicles as a results of which of the following events.
a. Mexican American War
b. Independence of America from Europe
c. Spanish Civil War
d. Arrival of the Spaniards in the new world

A

D. Arrival of the Spaniards in the new world. Chronicles are the writings of early Spaniards arrival to the new world around the 15th century. The purpose was to narrate their adventure, describe the new reality encountered, justified their actions and take credit for their deedand descovery

82
Q

“The direct opposite was, a sharp contrast

A

Antithesis

83
Q

A comparison without using like or as.

A

Metaphor

84
Q

A figure of speech that uses exaggeration to express strong emotions, make a point, or evoke humor

A

Hyperbole

85
Q

A figure of speech in which one word or phrase is substituted for another which is closely associated (such as “Crown” for “Royalty”

A

Metonymy

86
Q

A comparison using “like” or “as”

A

Simile

87
Q

Which of the following best describes an important reason for the renaissance of Spanish literature during the early years of the twentieth century?

a. A critical analysis of Spanish culture following the Spanish defeat in the Spanish Americans War of 1898.

b. An interest in scientific realism in response to Darwinism

c. A spirit of optimism rooted in the economic prosperity following Spains industrialization

A

A. Spain’s defeat in the Spanish American War was a major blow to the country’s international prestige. In response, a group os Spanish intellectuals and writers known as the Generation of 1898. They focused their energies on an analysis of the country’s problems and destiny in an effort to promote a sense of national pride. Their work resulted in a major reinvigoration of Spain literature

88
Q

Which of the following best describes the opposing social and political forces in the Spanish Civil War of 1930s?

A. landlords and the army against defenders of the Catholic Church

B. liberal supporters of a republican government against conservative proponents of a fascist-oriented government

C. nationalist and socialists against communists and anarchists

D. conservative supporters of a monarchical government against radical proponents of a military dictatorship

A

(B)
Political changes in Spain during the Second Republic of the 1930s polarized the country politically. On the left, a group of liberals who supported republican government drew support from workers, agricultural laborers, intellectuals, and certain elements of the middle class. They were opposed by a group of conservative landowners, business-people, and many leaders. The conservatives’ victory in the Civil War resulted in the creation of a fascist-oriented government.

89
Q

In 1914, Mexican anthropologist Manuel Gamio wrote that Mexico did not constitute a nation in the European sense, but rather was made up many small nations that differed in speech, economy, social organization, and psychology. Garmio’s view of Mexico best describes which of the following aspects of Mexican society?

A. the decentralized form of government in Mexico and the administrative autonomy given to regional officials

B. the different interests and goals of social classes within the rigid class structure of Mexican society

C. the resistance of the country’s disparate geographical regions to uniting under a central government following independence

D. the existence of large populations of indigenous and mixed-blood people with diverse cultural traditions

A

( D )
Mexico is multi ethnic nation. The country’s 56 distinct indigenous people (pueblos indios) form a sizable portion of the population, and 13 of Mexico’s 31 states are considered “eminent indigenous” by the National Indigenous Institute. Within these areas, distinct patterns of speech, social institutions, and cultural identities remained strong into and throughout the twentieth century. Generations of intermarriage between indigenous and non-indigenous peoples has added to Mexico’s rich cultural diversity.

90
Q

The extensive use of rice, nuts, and figs, as well as spices such as saffron, cumin, and anise, reflect the influence of which of the following in Spanish cuisine?

A. the trade that developed between Spain and the Americas

B. the proximity of both European and North African countries

C. the Muslim invaders who occupied Spain for 750 years

D. the diverse ethnic character of Spain’s different regions

A

( C )
The Muslim invaders who occupied areas of Spain from the 8th century to the end of the 15th century were bearers of a rich cultural heritage. Their influence of Spanish cuisine included the introduction of rice and spices, nuts, and fruits common to North Africa, along with new styles of food preparation such as marinating fish in a vinegary sauce and combining sweet and spicy foods.

91
Q

Tiradas

A

series de versos con una misma rima asonante.

92
Q

Cantar de mio Cid

( 1200 )

A

Manuscrito
* primera obra narrativa extensa de la literatura española en una lengua romance

93
Q

Hemistiquio

A

la mitad o fragmento de un verso que se mide en métrica como si fuese un verso entero y va separada de la otra mitad por una pausa en la entonación o cesura.

94
Q

Neoclasicismo

A

expresión estética de este movimiento intelectual (la ilustracion )

95
Q

Peyorativo

A

es el uso del lenguaje con una finalidad negativa para lo que se designa.

96
Q

Ilustración

Siglo 17 y 18

A

Fue un movimiento cultural e intelectual europeo (especialmente en Francia e Inglaterra) que se desarrolló desde fines del siglo XVII (17) .
Fue denominado así por su declarada finalidad de disipar las tinieblas de la humanidad mediante las luces de la razón

97
Q

Jarcha

siglo XI - XIV

A

Breves composiciones líricas de carácter amoroso, escritas en árabe vulgar, o en la lengua romance de los cristianos que vivían en al-Ándalus (mozárabes).

98
Q

Romance (poesía)
Siglo XV

A

es un poema característico de la tradición oral, y se populariza en el siglo XV, en que se recogen por primera vez por escrito en colecciones denominadas romanceros.

99
Q

El Renacimiento

A

El período histórico que sucede a la Edad Media en Europa , comprende todo el siglo XVI (16) aunque sus precedentes se encuentran en los siglos XIV (14) y XV (15) y sus influencias se dejan notar en el XVII (17).
Se inició en Italia y se extendió por toda Europa favorecido por el invento de la imprenta.

100
Q

Diego Velazquez

1599-1660

A

Spanish painter of 17th century
Portraitist : royalty, King Philip IV, nobles, commoners
Famous works:
Las Meninas, a baroque portrayal of the infant Margarita
Influenced impressionists and realists of the 19th century such as Picasso and Dalî

101
Q

Frida Kahlo

1907-1954

A

Mexican painter of the 20th century
Married to Diego Rivera
She used bright colors
Known by her self portraits

102
Q

Enesto Sabato
1911-2011

A

Argentine writer, painter
Translated scientific books, and wrote articles about literature, science, metaphysics, and politics.
Works: El Tunel, Sobre Heroes y Tumbas
almost 100 years old when he died

103
Q

Fernando Botero

1932- alive ( 83 )

A

Painter from Medillin, Colombia
In his paintings, he uses exaggerated and disproportionate volumes, especially to depict human figure, adding humorous details to show criticism and irony
Boterismo

104
Q

Placido Domingo

1941-Alive ( 74 )

A

Spanish opera singer educated in Mexico
1960s went back to Spain and was very successful
Famous operas:
Marina, Carmen, Rigoletto, Don Rodrigo
Record to appeared most times at the New York Metropolitan Opera
Director of the Los Angeles Opera of the Distrito de Colombia

105
Q

Francisco Goya

1746-1828

A

Spanish painter
From baroque–rococo–neoclassicism—expressionism
First painter to have painted what he wanted and not what the king or the church told him to paint.
Works: El tres de Mayo—shows the execution of Spanish soldiers by the French Army

106
Q

Jose Clemente Orozco

1883-1949

A

Mexican painter.
1 of the 3 muralist
Focused on the Mexican Revolution and the Pre-Colombian culture
Less political than Rivera
Works: Omnisciencia, Luchas Proletarias, La justicia, Buena vida, La independencia nacional

107
Q

Diego Rivera

1886-1957

A

Mexican painter.
Influenced by Italian Renaissance and by the Russian communist movement
Revalorization of the indigenous Mexican roots.
Works: La creacion, La leyenda de Quetzalcoatl, Historia de Mexico, Sueño de una tarde dominical en la Alameda central
Works found in Palacio de Bellas Artes, the Palacio Nacional, New York, and Detroit

108
Q

Celia Cruz

1925-2003

A

Cuban singer
known as the queen of salsa or Guarachera de Cuba
23 golden albums
recorded with Tito Puente, Johnny Pacheco
Most influential of cuban music of the 20th c
Songs: La vida es un carnaval, La negra tiene tumbao, Rie y llora

109
Q

David Alfaro Siqueiros

1896-1974

A

Mexican painter
1 out 3 muralist
Realistic murals after the revolution
Influenced by Marxist messages
Works: Nueva democracia, Victimas de la guerra, Victimas del facismo, El entierro del obrero sacrificado,
Los mitos, el llamado de la libertad

110
Q

3 muralist of Mexico

A

Diego Rivera

Jose Clemente Orozco

David Alfaro Siqueiros’

111
Q

Salvador Dali

1904-1989

A

Spanish surrealist painter
Cubist
Works: La cesta de pan, el hombre invisible, La persistencia de la memoria, Metamorfosis de Narciso, Madona de Port Lligat, Utima cena, El descubrimiento de America por Colon

112
Q

Isabel Allende

1942- Alive
( 73 )

A

Writer
Born in Peru, shorty moved to Chile
Fantastic with the real = magic realism
Works: La casa de los espiritus

113
Q

Mario Vargas Llosa

1936
(79) alive

A

Writer Peru
Realism Politics 2010 Nobel Prize of Lit
Works: Los Jefes, la ciudad y los perros, Conversacion en la cathedral, Pantaleon y las visitadoras, Lituma en los Andes, La guerra de fin de mundo, Quien mato a Palomo Montero?

114
Q

Alhambra

A

Built between 12th and 13th century in Granada when the Moors occupied Spain
Later, the Catholic kings built their own palaces in this
Several buildings and different parts
decorations made of marble, stucco, and tile
1948 World heritage site

115
Q

Popol Vuh

A

AKA El libro del consejo
anonymous
Mayan-Quiche language and later translated to Spanish
All about Mayans

116
Q

Pablo Picasso

1881-1973

A

Spanish painter
Born in Malaga but lived in Madrid, Barcelona, and Paris
Cubist ans surrealists works
Inspired by Francisco Goya El greco
hated fascist government of Franco, and turn to communism
Works: Guernica, Dora Maar au chat, Massacre en Correo

117
Q

Felix Lopez de Vega
1562-1635

A

Spanish writer
Spanish Golden Century of Baroque literature.
poetry, theater plays, and prose
Founded Teatro Nacional de España
known as the father of modern comedy
Works: El perro del hortelano, La viuda de Valencia, Fuente Ovejuna
Prose: Arcadia, El peregrino
El isidro, Rimas sacras, La Filomena

118
Q

Julio Cortazar

1914-1984

A

Argentinian writer
stories, essays, and novels
Narrative art
reality, fantasy and absurd
surrealist images
Works: Rayuela, Final de juego, Bestiario, Las armas secretas, Los premios, Nicaragua tan violentamente dulce

119
Q

Horacio Quiroga

1878-1937

A

Uruguayan writer
known for his short stories, poetry
influenced by Edgar Allan Poe
elements of horror
known as writer of the bizarre
Works: Arrecife de coral, Pasado amor, de locura y muerte

120
Q

Juan Rulfo

1917-1986

1940’s

A

Mexican writer
novels and short stories
considered the most profound Mexican prose writer. Magic realism
social injustice, hard life, pain, and suffering
use of ghosts and supernatural
Works: El llano en llamas, Pedro Paramo

121
Q

Jorge Luis Borges

1899-1986

A

Spanish writer born in Argentina
poetry, essays, stories
English professor in Buenos Aires
Founder of “ultraism”
Fantasy and metaphysics
genre: cosmosvision
Works: Fervor de Buenos Aires, Luna de enfrente, Cuaderno de San Martin
Historia universal de la infamia
El jardin de los senderos, Historia de la eternidad

122
Q

Gabriel Garcia Marquez

1927-2014

A

Colombian writer
Cien años de soledad
magic realism
1982 nobel prize of lit
works: la horasca, El coronel no tiene quien le escriba,
amor en tiempos de colera, el general en su laberinto

123
Q

Carlos Fuentes

1928-2012

A

Mexican writer
Mexican culture and how to preserve it–novels
real themes in fictional works
Works: La region mas transparente, Las buenas conciencias, Cambio de piel, Terra nostra

124
Q

Jose Enrique Rodo

1871-1917

A

Uruguayan writer
Modernistic essays
known as the best modernist prose writer
Warning about the North American influence in Latin America
Wanted youth to reject materialism and to embrace culture
Tried to connect modern literature to spiritualism
works: Ariel, Los motivos de Proteo

125
Q

Domingo Faustino Sarmiento

1811-1888

A

Argentinian writer and politician
essays and novels
president of Argentina 1868-1874
Fought against ignorance, chieftains, and dictatorship
Works: Civilizacion y barbarie: Vida de Juan Facundo Quiroga
De la educacion popular, Recuerdos de provincia

126
Q

Ruben Dario

1867-1916

A

Writer from Nicaragua
Spanish-American literature
poetry, searched for ideal beauty
social problems created by materialism
Works: Prosas profundas, Cantos de vida y esperanza, Canto errante
Prose: Azul, Peregrinaciones, Historias de mis libros

127
Q

Jose Marti

1853-1895

A

Cuban writer and politician
modernistic pieces
hero of Cuban independence, fought against Spaniards
Works: freedom and liberalism, Ismalillo, Versos libres,
Versos sencillos, Amistad funesta, El presidio en Cuba
La Republica española ante la revolucion cubana
Cartas de Nueva York

128
Q

Latin American Boom

1960-1970s

A

The Latin American Boom was a flourishing of literature, poetry and criticism in Latin America during the 1960s and 1970s, when writers from this region explored new ideas and came to international renown in a way that had not happened previously.

129
Q

Major representatives of
Latin American Boom

A

Julio Cortazar

Carlos Fuentes

Gabriel Garcia Marquez

Mario Vargas Llosa

130
Q

Roberto Bolaño
1953-2003

A

Born in Chile
Post Latin American Boom
Novelist, short-story writer, poet, and essays
1999 won the Romulo Gallegos Prize
Works: La literatura Nazi en las Americas

131
Q

Spanish-American War
1898

A

Lasted 10 weeks
was a conflict in 1898 between Spain and the United States, the result of U.S. intervention in the Cuban War of Independence. U.S. attacks on Spain’s Pacific possessions led to involvement in the Philippine Revolution and ultimately to the Philippine-American War.

132
Q

Gabriel Mistral

1889-1957

A

Chilean
Diplomat, educator and feminists
pseudonym of Lucila Godoy Alcayaga
received the Nobel Prize in Literature, in 1945 “for her lyric poetry which, inspired by powerful emotions, has made her name a symbol of the idealistic aspirations of the entire Latin American world

133
Q

Stanza

A

A group of lines forming the basic recurring metrical unit in a poem

134
Q

Octavio Paz

1914-1998

A

Mexican writer
essays and poetry
neither an idealist or symbolist because his very unique way of writing
themes: loneliness and existential restlessness
Works: Libertad bajo palabra, El laberinto de la soledad, Sor juan inez de la Cruz

135
Q

Jose de San Martin

1778-1850

A

was an Argentine general and the prime leader of the southern part of South America’s successful struggle for independence from the Spanish Empire
Known as the protector of Peru

136
Q

Bernardo O’Higgins
1778-1842

A

was a Chilean independence leader who, together with José de San Martín, freed Chile from Spanish rule in the Chilean War of Independence

137
Q

Simon Bolivar

1783-1830

A

was a Venezuelan military and political leader who played an instrumental role in the establishment of Venezuela, Ecuador, Bolivia, Peru and Colombia as sovereign states, independent of Spanish rule.

138
Q

Critobal Colon

A

Christopher Columbus was an Italian explorer, navigator, colonizer and citizen of the Republic of Genoa. Under the auspices of the Catholic Monarchs of Spain, he completed four voyages across the Atlantic Ocean.

139
Q

Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz

1651-1695

A

Mexican poet
was a self-taught scholar and poet of the Baroque school, and Hieronymite nun of New Spain, known in her lifetime as “The Tenth Muse.”
wrote about the disadvantages of being a woman
Works: Primer sueño, El divino narciso, Respuesta a Sor Filotea de la Cruz

140
Q

Hernan Cortes

1485-1547

A

was a Spanish Conquistador who led an expedition that caused the fall of the Aztec Empire and brought large portions of mainland Mexico under the rule of the King of Castile in the early 16th century. Cortés was part of the generation of Spanish colonizers who began the first phase of the Spanish colonization of the Americas.

141
Q

Francisco Pizarro

A

Spanish conquistador who conquered the Incan Empire. Born in Trujillo, Spain, the illegitimate son of an infantry colonel, and Francisca González, a woman of poor means

142
Q

Atahualpa

A

Atahualpa, also Atahuallpa, Atabalipa or Atawallpa was the last Sapa Inca of the Inca Empire before the Spanish conquest.

143
Q

General Francisco Franco

1892-1975

A

In 1934, led a campaign against the Republican government and divided Spain in rights and leftists. In 1936, the Spanish Civil War started.
He defeated the republicans and established an absolute dictatorship
Many political prisoners during his command
Was supported by the church and by the army
Dictatorship: lack of freedom, oppression, and support from the financial oligarchy

144
Q

Miguel de Unamuno

1864-1936

A

was a Spanish essayist, novelist, poet, playwright, philosopher, and Greek professor, and later rector at the University of Salamanca.
An author from the generation of the 98
works: del sentimiento tragico de la vida, Paz en la guerra, Niebla

145
Q

Genracion del 98

A

A group of Spanish writers, essayists, and poets that were affected by the moral, political, and social crisis in Spain in the last decade of the 19th century at the time of the Spanish-American war

146
Q

Key figures of the
generacion del 98

A

Joaquín Costa
Ángel Ganivet
Miguel de Unamuno
Ramón del Valle-Inclán
José Martínez Ruiz (Azorín)
Pío Baroja
Antonio Machado
Manuel Machado
Ramiro de Maeztu

147
Q

Benito Perez Galdos
1843-1920

A

Spanish
was a realist novelist. Some authorities consider him second only to Cervantes in stature as a Spanish novelist. He was the leading literary figure in 19th century Spain.

148
Q

Emilia Pardo Bazan

1851-1921

A

Spanish
novelist, journalist, essayist, critic and scholar from Galicia
Known as the Countess
tried to introduce naturalism in Spain
Works: La madre naturaleza, Los pasos de la Ulloa, Cuentos de la tierra, La tribuna

149
Q

Federico Garcia Lorca

1898-1936

A

Spanish poet, playwright, and theatre director
García Lorca achieved international recognition as an emblematic member of the Generation of ‘27. He was executed by Nationalist forces at the beginning of the Spanish Civil War.

150
Q

Generacion del 27

A

was an influential group of poets that arose in Spanish literary circles between 1923 and 1927, essentially out of a shared desire to experience and work with avant-garde forms of art and poetry.

151
Q

Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra

1547-1616

A

Spanish
Wrote the most popular Spanish novel, Don Quijote de la Mancha
Works: La galatea, Novelas ejemplares

152
Q

El libro del buen amor

A

Written in 1320s by Juan Ruiz
Includes narrative, lyric, and didactic
It debates about love and if man should put aside his thirst for sex and embrace divine love instead

153
Q

lyric

A

A type of poetry that explores the poet’s personal interpretation of and feelings about the world.

154
Q

didactic

A

From the Greek, didactic literally means “teaching.” Didactic words have the primary aim of teaching or instructing,especially the teaching of moral or ethical principles.

155
Q

Cantar de gesta

A

nombre dado a la epopeya escrita en la Edad Media o a una manifestación literaria extensa perteneciente a la épica que narra las hazañas de un héroe cuyas virtudes representan modelos para un pueblo o colectividad durante el Medievo.

156
Q

Epopeya

A

es un canto épico o narrativo, escrito la mayor parte de las veces en verso largo (Hexámetro), o prosa, que consiste en la narración extensa de acciones transcendentales o dignas de memoria para un pueblo en torno a la figura de un héroe que representa sus virtudes de más estima.

Cset Spanish 2 (1 decks)

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