Spanish 2024 Flashcards
With regard to
With regard to the meeting, I think it is best that we postpone it.
En cuanto a
En cuanto a la reunión, creo que es mejor que la pospongamos
You know what?
Sabes qué?
How about…? What about…? What if…?
Where do you feel like going for dinner? - What about staying at home?
Qué tal si…?
¿Adónde te apetece ir a cenar? - ¿Qué tal si nos quedamos en casa?
Unlike
Unlike the majority of his friends, Juan doesn’t like chocolate.
A diferencia de
A diferencia de la mayoría de sus amigos, a Juan no le gusta el chocolate.
In agreement with
De acuerdo con
On my own
I don’t need your help. I’m perfectly capable of doing things on my own.
Por mi cuenta
No necesito su ayuda. Soy perfectamente capaz de hacer las cosas por mi cuenta.
It would be better if
subjunctive trigger
It would be better if I stay at home to cure this cold.
Es mejor que
subjunctive trigger
Es mejor que me quede en casa para curar bien este resfriado.
In my opinion
En mi opinión
So that…
subjunctive trigger
Leave your email address so that we can stay in touch.
Para que
subjunctive trigger
Deja tu correo electrónico para que podamos mantenernos en contacto.
I usually get up before the sun rises.
subjunctive trigger
Suelo levantarme antes de que salga el sol.
subjunctive trigger
Used when the sentence has two clauses with two different subjects.
Mario is afraid that the dog will harm him.
Mario tiene miedo de que el perro le haga daño.
subjunctive trigger
Used when the sentence has two clauses with two different subjects.
Does this trigger the subjunctive?
Antes de
No. It doesn´t because it would be followed by a verb or a non-clausal sentence part. For example:
1. Suelo leer antes de acostar me. => I usually read before going to bed.
2. Antes de que empiece la película, tengo que comprar palomitas. => Before the movie starts, I have to buy popcorn.
Instead of participating, I want to go to the beach.
En lugar de participar, quiero ir a la playa.
Is the bolded word a direct object?
La veo.
Yes. La is referring to what the person sees, so that is the direct object of the action.
I see Maria. I see her.
Is the bolded word a direct object?
Nos diste la información?
No. In this sentence, nos is an indirect object, because us refers to the people being given the information.
Did you give us the information?
Translate the bolded sentence.
Did you give Harry the keys? Did you give them to him?
Se las diste?
Le diste a Harry las llaves? The indirect object Le changes to Se in front of a direct object that starts with the letter l.
Translate the bolded sentence.
Did you give the food to me? Did you give it to me?
Me la diste?
Me diste la comida?
Translate:
She gave it to them yesterday.
Ella se lo dio ayer.
The indirect object les would normally be used for to them but it changes to se in front of a direct object that starts with the letter l.
What is the word order for sentences that have a direct and an indirect object?
- Indirect object
- Direct object
Te la di. => I gave it to you.
Te is the indirect object and la is the direct object.
Translate:
Send it to her.
Enviársela.
Translate:
I brought it to you.
Te lo traje.
Translate:
No one knows them.
Nadie los conoce.
List 6 common subjunctive trigger verbs.
- Querer - to want
- Esperar - to hope for
- Desear - to desire
- Preferir - to prefer
- Recomendar - to recommend
- Insistir en - to insist (on)
Translate the sentence with the conjugation of the bolded verb:
I want to study the subjunctive.
Quiero que estudie el subjuntivo.
estudiar => present subjunctive yo form => estudie
Translate the sentence with the conjugation of the bolded verb:
I wish you have a good day.
Deseo que tengas un buen día.
tener => present subjunctive tú form => tengas
Translate the sentence with the conjugation of the bolded verb:
I hope you get well soon.
you formal, to recover
Espero que se recupere pronto.
recuperarse => present subjunctive Usted form => se recupere
Translate the sentence with the conjugation of the bolded verb:
I’d prefer that we stay home.
Prefiero que nos quedemos en casa.
quedarse => present subjunctive we form => nos quedemos
Translate the sentence with the conjugation of the bolded verb:
She recommends you go to bed early.
to go to bed
Ella recomienda que te acuestes temprano.
acostarse => present subjunctive tu form => te acuestes
Translate the sentence with the conjugation of the bolded verb:
We insist you tell us the truth.
to say/tell
Insistimos en que nos digas la verad.
decir => present subjunctive tu form => digas. Notice the indirect object nos and the “insistir en” trigger.
Translate the sentence with the conjugation of the bolded verb:
Do you want me to go first?
Quieres que vaya primero?
ir => present subjunctive yo form => vaya
Translate the sentence with the conjugation of the bolded verb:
Does he want me to take him to the bank?
to take/carry
Quiere que lo lleve al banco?
Lo is the direct object here because he is the thing being taken. Llevar => present subjunctive yo form => lleve.
Translate the sentence with the conjugation of the bolded verb:
I wish they would help me more often.
to help
Ojalá me ayudaran más a menudo.
ayudar => imperfect subjunctive ellos form => ayudaran.
Translate the sentence with the conjugation of the bolded verb:
Close the door so the cat doesn’t get out.
to escape
Cierra la puerta para que el gato no se escape.
escaparse => present subjunctive el/ella => no se escape
Translate:
Why did you paint the house? So it sells faster.
Por qué pintaste la casa? Para que venda más rápido.
Subjunctive trigger phrase and present subjunctive conjugation
Translate the sentence with the conjugation of the bolded verb:
I decided to tell Juan what happened that day so he would know the truth.
Decidí contarle a Juan lo que pasó ese día para que supiera la verdad.
If we’re talking past tense and you find yourself expressing “it would” or she “would” something, it’s probably supposed to use the imperfect subjunctive. Saber => imperfect subjunctive => supiera
Translate:
I get up early so (in order to) avoid traffic.
Me levanto temprano para evitar el tráfico.
Para on its own is not a subjunctive trigger.
What is the phrase pattern that means “to hope for something?”
Ojalá (que) + present subjunctive = to hope for something
What is the phrase pattern that means “to wish for something?”
Ojalá (que) + imperfect subjunctive = to wish for something
Hopefully, there won’t be a lot of people.
Ojalá no haya mucha gente.
I hope we have time to rest today.
Ojalá tengamos tiempo para descansar hoy.
I wish I could, but I can’t.
Ojalá pudiera, pero no puedo.
imperfect subjunctive poder and indicative present poder
I wish you were coming here.
Ojalá vinieras aquí.
venir => imperfect subjunctive tu form => vinieras.
I hope there isn’t much traffic.
Ojalá (que) no haya mucho tráfico.
Espero que no haya mucho tráfico.
I wish I had more time and money.
Ojalá que tuviera más tiempo y dinero.
tener => imperfect subjunctive yo form => tuviera.
I wish there were more tables in the shade.
Ojalá hubiera más mesas en la sombra.
haber => imperfect subjunctive third person form => hubiera
crime
el delito
stage
noun
la etapa
All of a sudden
De un momento a otro
file
noun
el archivo
PhD
el doctorado
I would venture to say
Me atrevería a decir
Me tocó trabjar.
I had to work.
tocarse can be used to express obligation like “to have to.”
It’s your turn.
Te toca a ti.
Tocarse can be used as “to be someone’s turn.”
In other words
phrase
O sea
Estoy ocupado ese día. O sea, no puedo venir a la fiesta.
I mean…
filler
O sea…
Do you understand what I mean?
¿Entiendes lo que quiero decir?
querer decir = I mean
lead
metal
el plomo
silver or money
metal
el plata
at least
You can keep the house, but at least leave me the dog.
al menos
Te puedes quedar con la casa, pero al menos déjame el perro.
His dentist told him to brush his teeth at least twice a day
Su dentista le dijo que se cepillara los dientes por lo menos dos veces al día.
Fill in the preposition:
Tenemos que pensar ____ el nuevo plan de ventas.
en
We have to think about the new sales plan.
pensar en = to think about
Fill in the preposition:
Vamos a encontrarnos ____ tu madre en la escuela.
con
We are going to meet your mother at school.
encontrarse con = to meet with
Fill in the preposition:
Me olvidé ____ mandar el mail.
de
I forgot to send the email.
olvidarse de = to forget to
Fill in the preposition:
Vamos a disfrutar ____ el fin de semana.
de
We are going to enjoy this weekend.
disfrutar de = to enjoy something
Fill in the preposition:
Debo decidirme ____ una universidad y no sé cuál.
por
I have to decide for a university and I do not know which one.
decidirse por => to decide on
Fill in the preposition:
Tienes que parar ____ beber alcohol.
de
You have to stop drinking alcohol.
parar de => to stop
Fill in the preposition:
Estoy cerca de tu casa, no me tardo ____ llegar.
en
I’m near to your house, I won’t take long to get there.
tardar en => to take time to
Fill in the preposition:
Tengo que ayudar ____ mi mamá con la lavandería.
a
I have to help my mom with the laundry.
ayudar a => to help
Fill in the preposition:
Anoche soñé ____ dinosaurios.
con
Last night I dreamed about dinosaurs.
soñar con => to dream about
Fill in the preposition:
Voy a visitar ____ mis amigos del colegio.
a
I’m going to visit my school friends.
visitar a => to visit
Name categories of verbs that get the preposition ‘a’
- Verbs of learning (aprender a)
- Verbs of starting (empezar a)
- Verbs of motion (ir a, venir a, visitar a)
Debes acostumbrarte ____ tu nuevo jefe.
a
You must get used to your new boss.
acostumbrarse a = to get used to