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Explorers > Spain And Portugal > Flashcards

Spain And Portugal Flashcards

0
Q

Who met the Emperor of China?

A

Polo brothers

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1
Q

Who went to China in 1260?

A

Polo brothers

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2
Q

Who wanted the Polo brothers to return to China with priests?

A

The Emperor of China, aka Kublai Khan.

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3
Q

Where were the Polo brothers from?

A

Italy

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4
Q

Name 4 things the Chinese discovered and used before Europeans.

A

Coal
Oil
Paper money
Printed books

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5
Q

Describe the Kublai Khan’s palace.

A

Glad and silver walls and ceiling. 3,000 well-disciplined soldiers guarded it.

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6
Q

How long did the Polo brothers stay in China on their 2nd trip?

A

20 years.

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7
Q

Describe the Polo brothers return to Italy after 20 years.

A

Long beards.
No one recognized them.
Lots of gems. Rich.

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8
Q

What did Marco Polo do when he was in jail?

A

Wrote a book about his travels. It became one of the first books printed.

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9
Q

1260 - 1295

A

Marco Polo

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10
Q

Where was Prince Henry from?

A

Portugal

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11
Q

Who founded a school of navigation?

A

Prince Henry

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12
Q

Who built an observatory for astronomers?

A

Prince Henry

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13
Q

Who urged sailors to sail past the bulge on the west coast of Africa?

A

Prince Henry

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14
Q

What did Prince Henry’s men bring back from the west coast of Africa?

A

Black slaves and gold.

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15
Q

Circa 1400

A

Prince Henry

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16
Q

Who was the first to sail around the southern tip of Africa?

A

Bartholomew Diaz

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17
Q

When did Bartholomew Diaz sail around the southern tip of Africa?

A

1486

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18
Q

Who was the first European explorer to reach India?

A

Da Gama

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19
Q

When did Da Gama sail around the tip of Africa and on to India?

A

1494

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20
Q

How many of Da Gama’s men returned to Portugal?

A

1/3

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21
Q

What killed so many of Da Gama’s sailors?

A

Scurvy - caused by a lack of vitamin C.

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22
Q

What did Diaz name the southern tip of Africa?

A

The Cape of Good Hope

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23
Q

When did Christopher Columbus sail the ocean blue?

A

1492

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24
Q

1492

A

Columbus

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25
Q

Where was Columbus from?

A

Italy

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26
Q

Why did Columbus want to sail WEST in order to reach the EAST?

A

To prove that the earth is round

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27
Q

Name the countries that refused to finance Columbus’s voyage.

A

Spain
Portugal
England
France

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28
Q

How did Columbus spend almost all of his money?

A

Trying to convince people to finance his voyage.

29
Q

Who finally agreed to finance Columbus’s trip?

A

The Queen of Spain.

30
Q

Name Columbus’s 3 ships.

A

Nina
Pinta
Santa Maria

31
Q

What did Columbus expect to find when he sailed west across the Atlantic Ocean?

A

The Indies of the East

32
Q

What did Columbus call the first island he discovered?

A

San Salvador

33
Q

What did Columbus call the natives he met?

A

Indians

34
Q

What was Columbus hoping to find?

A

Gold

35
Q

Why did Columbus leave some of the sailors on the island of Hispaniola?

A

1 ship had wrecked and they couldn’t all fit on the remaining 2 ships.

36
Q

Name 2 reasons why Spain wanted to explore the New World.

A

To find gold

To evangelize the natives

37
Q

Name 2 reasons why the Spaniards were so cruel to the natives.

A

700 years of war with the Moors

Some of the natives were cannibals, which disgusted the Spaniards

38
Q

Who was a Spanish governor of Puerto Rico?

A

Ponce de Leon

39
Q

What does “Florida” mean?

A

Season of flower

40
Q

Name 2 reasons that Ponce de Leon sailed to Florida.

A

To search for gold

To search for the Fountain of Youth

41
Q

What happened to Ponce de Leon in Florida?

A

He was killed by the natives.

42
Q

When did Ponce de Leon sail to Florida?

A

1513

43
Q

1513

A

Ponce de Leon

44
Q

What is an isthmus?

A

A narrow strip of land connecting 2 large bodies of water.

45
Q

Who was the first European to see the Pacific Ocean from the Americas?

A

Balboa.

46
Q

Where was Balboa from?

A

Spain

47
Q

What did Balboa name the ocean we now call the Pacific?

A

The South Sea

48
Q

What Spaniards conquered the Aztecs?

A

Cortez

49
Q

When did Cortez conquer the Aztecs?

A

1519

50
Q

1519

A

Cortez conquered the Aztecs

51
Q

Where was Magellan from?

A

Portugal

52
Q

When did Magellan circumnavigate the globe?

A

1519-1521

53
Q

1519

A

Magellan circumnavigated the globe

54
Q

What does pacific mean?

A

Peaceful

55
Q

Who named the Pacific Ocean?

A

Magellan

56
Q

What theory did Magellan prove?

A

The world is round

57
Q

Did Magellan survive the journey?

A

No

58
Q

What people did Pizarro conquer?

A

The Incas in Peru

59
Q

What year did Pizarro conquer the Incas in Peru?

A

1532

60
Q

1532

A

Pizarro conquered the Incas in Peru.

61
Q

Who wandered through the southeastern states for 4 years?

A

DeSoto

62
Q

When did DeSoto wander the southeastern states?

A

1539

63
Q

1539

A

DeSoto

64
Q

Who explored the southwestern states and saw the Grand Canyon?

A

Coronado

65
Q

What did Coronado explore?

A

The southwestern states, including the Grand Canyon.

66
Q

When did Coronado explore the southwestern states?

A

1540

67
Q

1540

A

Coronado

68
Q

Why did the native people hate the Spanish?

A

They were cruel rulers
They didn’t give the natives a voice in government
They stole their gold
They stole their land

69
Q

What land did Spain claim in the Americas?

A

Most of the southwest
Florida
Central America
Much of South America

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