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Wset Lvl 3 Review > Spain > Flashcards

Spain Flashcards

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1
Q

Name the main regions of spain

A

The upper Ebro
Catalunya
The north west
The Duero Valley
The Levante
Castillia-la Mancha
Castilla y Leon VdIT

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2
Q

Name the sub regions of the upper Ebro

A

Rioja, Navarra, Catalayund, Carinena

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3
Q

Name the main regions of Catalunya

A

Priorat, Catalunya, Penedes

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4
Q

Name the sub regions of the North West of Spain

A

Rias Baixas, Bierzo

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5
Q

Name the sub regions of the Levante

A

Valencia, Jumilla, Yecla

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6
Q

Name the sub regions of Castilla la Mancha

A

La Mancha, Valpenedas

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7
Q

What are Spain’s black Grape Varieties

A

Tempranillo
Garnacha
Monastrell (Mouvedre)
Granciano
Carinena (Manzuelo/Carignan)
Mencia
Merlot
Cabernet Sauvignon

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8
Q

What are Spain’s white Grape Varities

A

Verdejo
Albarino
Airen
Viura

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9
Q

Spain has three broad climatic zones, Name location and Climate

A

The north west -moderate maritime
The east coast - warm Mediterranean
The center - hot continental

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10
Q

The North west of Spain is defined by what climatic influence and includes which sub regions

A

The North West is influenced by the Atlantic: maritime, high rainfall and moderate climate
It includes Bierzo and Rias Baixas

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11
Q

The east coast of Spain has what climate and includes which regions/sub regions

A

The east coast is warm Mediterranean, moderated by sea and altitude
It includes Catalunya; Priorat and Penedes as well at the Levante; Valencia, Yecla, Jumilla

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12
Q

Central Spain has what climate and includes which regions/sub regions

A

The climate is hot continental, with high altitude sites, large diurnal range and low rainfall

Castilla y Leon VdIT

Castilla La Mancha - la Mancha, Valpenedas

Duero Valley - Ribera del Duero, Toro, Rueda

The upper Ebro - Rioja, Navarra, Catalayund, Carinena
The upper Ebro has a less hot climate

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13
Q

Name two common styles of Tempranillo and how they are produced

A

Early drinking Joven - semi carbonic maceration

Ageworthy, complex Blends - heavy extraction, maturation in American or french oak, blended with Garnacha, Graciano, Carinena/Manzuelo

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14
Q

Tempranillo in the Vineyard

A

Early budding, early ripening
sensitive to wind and drought
Needs moderation to maintain acidity and balance (ocean breezes, altitude, diurnal range)

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15
Q

Descripe Garnacha in Spain,
What is it used for, where is it grown, in the Vineyard and the Winery

A

Garnacha is used to provide Perfume, Body and Alcohol to Blends, mainly in the upper Ebro (Rioja) but also in Catalunya and the Duero Valley, Rosés are also commonly made
It is drought tolerant and needs the warmest sites to ripen
Pre and post fermentation, gentle cap management, matured in old oak

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16
Q

For what is Graciano mainly used in Spain

A

To provide black fruit Aromas, Acidity and Tannins to the best wines in Rioja

17
Q

What regions is Carinena/Manzuela grown? What does it contribute to the blens

A

It’s grown in the hottest sites in the upper Ebro and Catalunja, it contributes Tannin, Acidity and color to blends in Rioja and Priotat

18
Q

Describe the Verdejo Grape in Spain

A

White Grape, susceptible to oxidisation, now made anerobic into wines with light body, high to medium acidity, flavours range form green, grassy to peach and melon notes depending on picking
Mainly grown in Rueda (the Duero valley) and blended with Sauvignon Blanc
Richer styles with oak aging and lees stirring are made

19
Q

Describe the Albarino Grape in Spain

A

Grown in the North West, Pergola trained, it’s thick skins help disease resistance
Made into refreshing wines, light body, high acidity, floral, citrus and stone fruit
Some producers use oak aging and lees stirring for enhanced texture

20
Q

Name Riojas sub Regions and describe the climate

A

Rioja Alavesa - north west, in the foothills of the Cantabrian Mountains, warm climate is moderated by altitude and Atlantic influence
Rioja Alta - Western part of Rioja, some Atlantic influence, high Altitude sites, 5 - 800 metres
Rioja Oriental - east of Alta, south of the Ebro, no maritime influence, lower altitude, warmest, driest sites

21
Q

Name the styles produced in Rioja and their Production methods

A

Early drinking - made by semi carbonic maceration, wines with finesse and fresh fruit mainly for the local market

Ageworthy, complex Blends - made form Tempranillo, Garnacha, Manzuelo (carginan) and Granciano, destemmed, heavy extraction, vigorous cap management, traditional fermentation, long maturation in new American or French Oak

Rioja Bianco - mainly from Viura, high acidity, deliberate Oxidation, nutty flavour from American oak, more modern wines are made without oxygen contact

22
Q

Where in Spain is Navarra located, how is the climate and what Grapes are grown

A

In the upper Ebro north of Rioja, in the foothills of the Pyrenees, warm continental, cooler and wetter closer to the mountains

Tempranillo, Garnacha, manzuelo (Carignan), Granciano, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Viura

23
Q

Where in Spain are Carinena and Calatayud located, how is the climate and what grapes are grown

A

Located south of the Ebro, the climate is warm continental, rainfall is low
Garnacha is the most planted, some Carinena

24
Q

Where in Spain is Penedes located, what is the climate like and what wines are produced

A

Penedes lies in Catalunya, south of Barcelona
Grapes are either produced on the hot Mediterranean coastal plain, the slightly cooler inland valleys or the surrounding hills with moderating altitude

Great variety of styles, mainly Cava (Viura) and international varieties; Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc, Gewürztraminer, cabernet Sauvignon, Tempranillo, pinot noir

25
Q

What are Spain’s DOCa’s

A

Rioja and Priotat

26
Q

Where in Spain lies Priotat, describe the climate

A

Priorat lies in Catalunya, Inland from Penedes, the climate is warm Mediterranean, mountain ranges provide moderation, rainfall is low, the diurnal range large, summers are long and hot

27
Q

What soil is found in Priorat, why is it suitable for old vine Garnacha and Carinena

A

The soil is called llicorella: red slate and sparkling mica it’s good water retention, low nutrients and heat reflection make it suitable for old vine Garnacha and Carinena

28
Q

What wines are made in Priotat

A

Concentrated blends from old vine Garnacha and Carinena, deeply colored, high Tannin, medium to high alcohol, full body, concentrated black fruit and aromas of new oak
Some white and rose are made

29
Q

Where in Spain lies the Duero valley and what sub regions lie within, describe the climate

A

The Duero Valley lies in the mountains south of Rioja on the Duero river, it contains Ribera del Duero, Toro and Rueda
The climate is warm continental, largely cut off from maritime influence, moderated by altitude, hot short summers, low rainfall, cool winters, large diurnal range

30
Q

What wines are typically produced in Ribera del Duero, Spain

A

Tempranillo is grown, often single varietal, winemakers choose to accentuate high tannins and concentrated fruit by heavy extraction, maceration and a relatively short aging period in new french oak
Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Malbec and Garnacha (for Rose) are also grown

31
Q

What Wines are typically made in Toro, Spain

A

Next to Ribera del Duero, full bodied, high alcohol Tempranillo is made from low yielding bush vines, Joven wines are produced with Garnacha

32
Q

What Sub Regions are found in the North West of Spain and what wines are typically produced

A

Rias Baixas - fresh white wines from Albarino

Bierzo - elegant, high acidity red wines with perfumed red fruit Aromas from Mencia

33
Q

How do Grapegrowers adjust to the climatic conditions in Rias Baixas, Spain

A

Albarino is the main Grape, it’s thick skin makes it resistant to fungal disease and rot, Vines are Pergola trained to encourage air flow

34
Q

What sub regions lie in the Levante and what Wines are typically produced

A

Valencia - hot inland conditions, large value for money DO, Monastrell is the most planted red, Moscatel de Valencia is made here
Jumilla and Yecla - further inland, hot arid, making youthful and fruity wines from Monastrell

35
Q

What sub-regions are found in Castilla La Mancha, Spain and what wines are typically produced

A

La Mancha - on the Mesera Centeal, inland, hot, due to investment in technology well made, value for money wines are made here mainly from Airen, producing neutral white wines, otherwise Tempranillo, cabernet, Merlot, Syrah, Chardonnay
Valdepenas - south of La Mancha, mainly Airen, Tempranillo, international varieties

36
Q

What are the aging requirements for red Joven, Crianza, Reserva and Gran Reserva Wines

A

Joven - no requirement
Crianza - 24 months, 6 in Barrel
Reserva - 36 months, 12 in Barrel
Grab Reserva - 60 months, 18 in Barrel

37
Q

What are the aging requirements for white/rose Joven, Crianza, Reserva and Gran Reserva Wines

A

Joven - no requirement
Crianza - 18 months, 6 in Barrel
Reserva - 24 months, 6 in Barrel
Gran Reserva - 48 months, 6 in Barrel

38
Q

What are the Spanish PDO and PGI Classifications

A

Pdo:
Denominacion de Origen (DO)
Denominacion de Origen Calificada (DOCa)

PGI:
Vino de la Tierra

Wset Lvl 3 Review (8 decks)

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