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WSET 3 > SPAIN > Flashcards

SPAIN Flashcards

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1
Q

Describe the climate in North and North - west coast

A 
Moderate -Maritime climate 
dominated by the Atlantic weather system
Rainfall, with its associated risks
Fungal disease is low
low density, bush-trained vineyards
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2
Q

Describe the climate in The east coast from Catalunya nort to further south Levante

A

warm Mediterranean Climate

influenced by the sea or high altitude

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3
Q

Describe the climate The Meseta Central (large plateau in the centre of spain)

A

Hot continental climate
No influence of the sea, but encircling mountains
Winter: temp fall below freezing
Summer: temp very high low rain fall
Summer night- modarated by cool night by altitudes sides

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4
Q

Name the Spanish wines laws

A 
Denominacion de Origen (DO)
Denominacion de Origen Calificada (DOCa)
Vinos de Pago (VP)
VINO
PGI Wines
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5
Q

(DO) stands for?

A

Denominacion de Origen

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6
Q

(DOCa) stands for?

A

Denominacion de Origen Calificada

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7
Q

(VP) stands for?

A

Vinos de Pago

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8
Q

PGI Wines stands for?

A

Indicación Geográfica Protegida ,Traditionally Vino de la Tierra (VdlT)

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9
Q

Explain Denominacion de Origen

A

minimum quality,specification covering grape varieties

Viticulture and location

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10
Q

Explain Denominacion de Origen Calificada

A

DO’s of at least 10 years standing
ONLY 2 DOCa ( Priorat, Rioja)
Priorat use cataln terminology - Denominacio d’Origen Qualificada

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11
Q

Explain Vinos de Pago

A

Single estateds , own grapes, vinified and matured on their estate

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12
Q

Explain VINO if labeled on the bottle

A

the wines that are not catagorized

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13
Q

Name the aging labeling in Spain

A

Joven
Crianza
Reserva
Gran Reserva

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14
Q

Explain Joven

A

Generally speaking this is a wine from the current vintage and is to be consumed within a year to 18 months from being made. This is generally the same the world over for young wines

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15
Q

Explain Crianza

A

Crianza means aging

red 24 months aged-6 barrel/ rose white- 18 months aged - 6 barrel

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16
Q

Explain Reserva

A

red 36 months aged- 12 barrel/ w 24 months aged - 6 barrel

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17
Q

Explain Gran Reserva

A

Only exceptional vintages and white and rod rose wines are very rare
60 months aged 18 in barrel/ 48 months aged -6 barrel

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18
Q

describe Tempranillo

A

black Thick skinned
hot climate- lack in acidity needs moderate climate blackberry dried fig/ leather cherries
semi carbonic- strawberry joven

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19
Q

Tempranillo is typically blended with which grapes in Rioja?

A

Mazuelo (carignan)

Graciano

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20
Q

Rioja is devided in 3 sub regions, which one are they?

A 
Rioja Alavesa (west of Logrono) north bank of the Ebro
foothills of cantabrian mountains
Rioja Alta (west) south of Ebro
Rioja Baja (east of Logrono) south bank
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21
Q

which sub region of rioja creates the lightes tempranillo

A

Rioja Alavesa

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22
Q

which international varieties can you find in spain, and where in particular?

A

CS, merlot, Sauvignon blanc and Chardonnay especially in the north -east, also used as blends with the local grapes

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23
Q

What grapes are planted in Navarra?

A

tempranillo most widley plant
or blended with rioja or CS
merlot.

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24
Q

What is the climate of Navarro

A

Moderate Maritime climate

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25
Q

Where is Navarro located

A

Northern and eastern border

of Rioja into foothills Pyrenees

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26
Q

What kind of quality wines can you find in Navarra

A

Good quality Joven to

Gran reservas

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27
Q

Describe the climate which influences Navarro

A

simular weather as Rioja more cold

and wetter near pyrenees

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28
Q

What grape variety is used for Rose

and explain the sugar and acidity level

A

Garnacha used for rose and picked early

acidity is more higher then sugar low

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29
Q

Which white variety can you find in Navarra

A

small production of white Viura, CH, Sb

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30
Q

What is synoniem for Macabeo

A

Viura

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31
Q

Describe Viura

A

it is a white grape, with deep golden colour and nutty flavour. low acidity, medium alcohol
Often used for still wine production. It can be made unoaked style with subtle herb and spice aromas. traditionally it was made for heavily oaked Riojas

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32
Q

Which 2 regions are located south of the Ebro

A

Carinena and Calatayud

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33
Q

Describe the climate of Carinena and Calatayud

A

Warm continental Climate, with low rainfall

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34
Q

What kind of wines are made in Carinena and Calatayud

A

Inexpensive are made in fruity, early drinking style.

higher -quality tend to be made from old vine garnach and carinena adn display greater flavour intesity and structure.

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35
Q

Where is Catalunya located

A

North east of Spain, wine vineyards are south of barcelona

hills on the west, and has a coastal plain

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36
Q

Catalunya is known for what kind of wines

A

Cava and still wines that covers the entire region

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37
Q

Which Vineyards regions are located in Catalunya

A

Penedes , Priorat

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38
Q

Describe the climate of Penedes

A

Coastal plain Mediterranean
inland in the valleys slightly cooler
800+ sea level Moderate climate

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39
Q

Where is Penedes located

A

South west of Barcalona

Mediterranean coast up to the hills

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40
Q

What kind of varieties can you find in Penedes

A

wide variety, moste white for cava
International grapes: CH, Sb,gewurztraminer
merlot, CS, Tempranillo(Ull de Llebre), PN

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41
Q

Where is Priorat located

A

in the hills inland from the city of

Tarragona

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42
Q

Describe the climate of Priorat

A

Summers are long,hot,dry
annual rainfall is low
Cool night time
soil llicorella

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43
Q

What kind of soil does Priorat have

A

Soil llicorella

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44
Q

Explain what kind of effect the soil llicorella has on the grape growing in Priorat

A 
(red slate with asmal particles of mica
(clay and volcanic ash)
 slow grow of grapes
hold little water/ roots can be 10 m/ less grapes
mica holds sun light- more sugar
45
Q

Are grapes in priorat harvest by hand or machinery

A

handpicked, priorat is located in the hills. its

46
Q

What kind of grape varieties grows in Priorat

A

Ideal Carinena and Garnacha vines( late ripening)

International grapes: CS
white and rose nearly found

47
Q

Describe a tipically Priorat (red) wine

A

Deeply coloured, high taninins , medium to high alcohol

black fruits, toasty aromas

48
Q

Name the sub regions of Catalunya

A

Priorat and Penedes

49
Q

Which sub regions are located in the Douro valley

A

Toro
Rueda
Ribera del Duero

50
Q

Where is the Douro valley located

A

starts in the mountains south of rioja

flows in Spain into Portugal

51
Q

Where is Ribera del Duero located

A

its located in the douro valley
highest part of Meseta central
some vineyard 850+ meters

52
Q

What kind of oak does Ribera del Duero prefer to use for the wines

A

New French Oak

53
Q

Describe the climate of Ribera del Duero

A 
short hot and dry summers . cold winters
cool night temperatures througout year- fresh fruit
retain acidity
cut off from Maritime influences
ring of mountains
54
Q

Where can you find Viura

A

In the region Rioja

55
Q

What kind of varieties can you find in Ribera del Duero and which grape is the dominant grape

A

Red and rose wine only
tempranillo dominant
Garnacha for dry rose
CS, Malbec, Merlot rarely used

56
Q

Describe the climate of Toro

A

Similar climate to neighbour Ribera

57
Q

what is the dominant grape of Toro

A

Tempranillo

58
Q

what does Toro do to protect the vines of too much sun exposure and drought

A

low - yielding bush vines

59
Q

Which grape is mainly blended into the joven wines of Toro

A

Garnacha

60
Q

Does toro has small or large quantities of rose and white wines?

A

small

61
Q

Describe the Reservas and Gran reservas of Toro

A

Can be exceptionally deeply coloured and be tannic,

when young it can age well

62
Q

What kind of climate does Rueda has?

A

Continental climate

63
Q

What is Rueda’s traditional grape variety?

A

Verdejo, Sb is the other important varietal

64
Q

How many percentage of Verdejo do they have to blend with Verdejo

A

at least 50%

65
Q

Explain the white styles of Rueda

A

It range from simple and fruity to richer, barrel-fermented versions

66
Q

Can both SB and Verdejo be labeled as a single variety in Rueda

A

yes

67
Q

Which region or sub region has the highest classification in Spain?

A

Rioja and Priorat DOCGa

68
Q

Where is Rias Baixas located

A

situated on the Atlantic coast

69
Q

Are the wines from Rias Baixas oaked or unoaked

A

Unoaked since they want to enhance the fruity flavours

70
Q

what kind of climate does Rias Baiax has

A

A moderate damp climate

71
Q

What is a common problem in the Rias Baixas

A

Rot and mildew

72
Q

How are the vineyard trained in the Rias Baixas

A

The vines are trained on pergolas to encourage the air circulation

73
Q

Explain a typical wine variety in the Rias Baixas

A

Albarino is made in a refreshing unoaked style to take advantage of the high acidity and ripe stone fruit flavours

74
Q

Are they using oak and lees stirring in the Rias Baixas

A

yes, some richer styles

75
Q

is red wine permitted in the Rias Baixas?

A

yes, it is.

76
Q

Where is Bierzo located

A

lies in the mountains
marks boundary between Galicia and
meseta central

77
Q

Are the styles of Bierzo unoaked or oaked

A

some unoaked, many new oak

78
Q

Describe the climate of Bierzo

A

Moderate
cooling maritime influence
steepy slopes

79
Q

What is the main variety in Bierzo

A

Mencia main variety, elegant red wines

naturally high acidy and red fruits

80
Q

where is The Levante located

A

region o n the mediterranean coast south of Catalunya

81
Q

Name the sub regions of The Levante

A

Valencia, Jumilla Yecla

82
Q

Which grape are dominated in Valencia, Jumilla and Yecla

A

Monastrell

83
Q

Describe the majority of wines of Jumilla and Yecla

A

youthfull and fruity in style

84
Q

What is the dominant white grape variety in Valencia

A

Merseguera

85
Q

Which grapes makes a sweet fortified wine in Valencia

A

Muscat of Alexandria( to produce Moscatel de Valencia)

86
Q

Name the sub regions of Castilla-La Mancha

A

La Mancha, Valdepenas

87
Q

Where does half of the wine production comes from, from which region

A

Castilla - La Mancha

88
Q

Which region or sub region has the largest DO

A

La Mancha

89
Q

what is the most widely planted grape variety in La Mancha

A

Airen

90
Q

what are the charasterics of Airen

A

Neutral fresh white wines

91
Q

What is synoniem for Tempranillo

A

Cencibel

92
Q

what are the internation grape varieties in La mancha

A

CS, merlot , syrah and even CH and SB

93
Q

which sub region is known for the Vinos de Pago

A

La Mancha

94
Q

Where is Valdepenas located

A

south to La Mancha

95
Q

Where is Valedepenas known for

A

Reputation for quality

96
Q

what are the dominant grape varieties in Valdepenas

A

Airen, Tempranillo(cencibel)

97
Q

what is the most widely planted grape variety in Spain

A

Airen

able to cope with extreme heat and drought conditions

98
Q

describe tempranillo

A

premier black grape,thick skinned grapewith medium levels of acidity needs high diurnal temperature range otherwise cause lack of acidity
often using semi carbonic
joven-strawberry flavour

99
Q

how are the most reds wine made in spain

A

wide range of styles
inexpensive without oak an semi carbonic
best wines always oak, proportion of new oak

100
Q

what is the spanish name for Garnacha

A

Garnacha tinta

101
Q

Tempranillo can be blended with which grapes

A

Garnacha ,Graciano an Carinena/Mazuelo or international varieties suchs as CS

102
Q

What does garnacha do with the wine

A

it gives wine high alcohol and the tendency to mature earlyl widely used for rosados. important grape in priorat.

103
Q

Describe monastrell

A

thick skinned grape , drought tolerant, but needs hot sunny conditions to ripen. Dos suchs as Yecla and Jumilla. deeply coloured fully bodied wines , high levels of tannin and alcohol. medium acidity , ripe black berry

104
Q

Describe Graciano

A

challenging to grow. mainly in rioja for blending

to add concentrated black fruit aromas acidity and tannins .

105
Q

how is Carignan called in Spain and how is it called in Rioja

A

Carinena and Mazuelo in Rioja

106
Q

Describe Carinena and Mazuelo

A

same grape, different name. Mazuelo in rioja. gives wine that has high levels of acidity, tannin and colour.blend with tempranillo. grown in priorat where it is blended with bgarnacha to enhance tannic structure .

107
Q

Which local variety gives wines fresh fruit, medium to high acidity and sometimes a hint of herbaceousness?

A

Mencia

108
Q

Which white grape is highly susceptible to oxidation and was used to make sherry. Is light bodied, high - acid, with melon and peach flavour. Often blended. Fuller wines, when undergone skin contact and barrel fermentation.

A

Verdejo

109
Q

Describe Albarino

A

grown north west, thick skinned able to resist fungal disease. high in acidity and produces citrus and stone fruit flavours. Can also have fuller bodied wine.

WSET 3 (3 decks)

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