Space unit E Flashcards
What does Solstice mean?
Sun Stops
What does Equinox mean?
Equal Night
What did the Ancient Celts in England use to mark the solstices?
Stonehenge
What is the Geocentric model?
When the planets orbit Earth
Who proposed the idea of the Geocentric model?
Aristole
Who proposed the idea of the heliocentric model?
If you know it good but dont waste your time on it
Nicolaus Capenicus
What is the heliocentric model?
Where the planets orbit the sun
Who used the telescope to see space first?
Galileo Galilei
What does the sundial do?
measure the passage of time
What does the merket do?
measure the time in the night
What does the astrolabe do?
make accurate charts of star positions
What does the cross-staff do?
measure the angle of the moon and any given star
What does the telescope do?
study and magnify space
What is a light year?
the distance that light travels in a year
What is a star?
A hot, glowing ball of gas.
What is the main gas in a star?
Hydrogen
What color is a hot Star and What color is a cold star?
Hot stars look blue and cold stars look red>
Explain the steps of the birth of a star:
dust and gas roll around creating a nebula. Gravity between gas and dust form a rotating cloud. more material is brought into the cloud the temperature increases, Then it starts to glow once the Cloud gets to a specific temperature hydrogen changes to helium, then a star is born.
what is a constellation?
a grouping of stars that form patterns.
Name an unofficial constellation
The big dipper
What is a galaxy?
millions or billions of stars, gas, and dust held together by gravity.
Name 3 types of galaxies:
Spiral, elliptical and irregular.
what are inner (terrestrial) planets?
the first 4 planest from the sun
what are outer (jovian) planets?
4 furthest planets from the sun.
What do all terrestrial planets have in common?
Rocky with no ring.
what do all jovian planets have in common?
gaseous with ring(s)
Define an Asteroid
rocky or metallic bodies in space
Define a comet
ball of dust and ice
What are comets sometimes described as?
Dirty snowballs
Define a meteoroid
Small pieces of rock flying through space with no particular path
Define an ellipse
the paths of bodies in our solar systems
What is a solar eclipse?
when the moon passes between the sun and Earth.
What is a lunar eclipse?
when the Earth passes between the sun and the moon.
What is azimuth?
when you start at north 0° and go clockwise to get the compass direction
What is altitude?
measures how high in the sky an object is. start at the horizon 0° and go straight up. you can’t go further than 90°
what is zenith?
the highest point directly overhead.
What is the fundamental law of physics?
For every action their is an equal and opposite reaction.
What was Canada’s first satellite?
Alouette 1 (we were the third to put up a satellite)
What was Archytas’s “pigeon”?
The first rocket using escaping steam.
what was spuntik 1?
the first satellite in space.
What was special about Russia’s second satellite?
Laika the dog was sent on it.
3 basic parts of the rocket:
payload
Mechanical / structural elements
Fuel
name 3 hazards in space for astronauts:
Meteorites, radiation, and no protection from the atmosphere
4 things space suites contain:
layers of different materials, air and water, heating and cooling devices, and waste tubes
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what is a refracting telescope?
2 lenses that gather and focus light
what is a reflecting telescope?
Mirrors instead of lenses in a telescope
Define interferometry:
combining 2 or more telescopes for better images
What is parallax?
Shift in position in nearby objects
What is the doppler effect?
an increase or decrease in sound, light, or other wave lengths
What is Blueshift?
Object moves towards an observer
What is red shift?
an object moving away from the observer
