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Physics space > Space test 4 > Flashcards

Space test 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a Universe ?

A

Billion of galaxies

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2
Q

What is a galaxy ?

A

A large collections of billions of stars, gas dust and dark matter,

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3
Q

What is our sun ?

A

Just one of the star that forms the Milky Way galaxy

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4
Q

How far apart are galaxies spaced ?

A

millions of times greater than the distance between planets or the sun

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5
Q

Which force keeps stars together in a galaxy

A

Gravity

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6
Q

What make up most of a galaxy

A

Empty space, and it is really, really big

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7
Q

What dose the solar system contain ?

A

The sun, eight planets, natural and artificial satellites, dwarf planets, asteroid belts.

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8
Q

What is the sun ?

A

A star

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9
Q

What are planets ?

A

Large objects that orbit a star.

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10
Q

What is a dwarf planet ?

A

A planet like object that isn’t big enough to be called a planet.

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11
Q

What is the moon ?

A

A natural satellite

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12
Q

What is an artificial satellite ?

A

A man made object that orbits another object in space.

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13
Q

What is an asteroid

A

An asteroid is a small rocky object which orbits the sun

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14
Q

What are comets ?

A

Comets are made of dust and ice and orbi the sun in a different orbit to those of the planets

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15
Q

What causes seasons ?

A

The earth title away from or towards the sun affects the amount of sunlight/ heat energy

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16
Q

What is gravity ?

A

A pulling force between two objects with mass

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17
Q

Which objects have the strongest gravitational pull ?

A

The larger the mass and the closer you get, the stronger the gravitational field

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18
Q

How do planets move around the sun ?

A

In almost circular orbits

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19
Q

How dose gravity creat orbits ?

A

A centripetal force acts towards the centre

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20
Q

How are satellites kept in orbits around planets ?

A

By the gravitational attraction of the planet.

21
Q

What happened to the orbits speed, the closer you get to the planet ?

A

It must increase to stay in orbit

22
Q

Why do comets have very elliptical orbits ?

A

Comets travel much faster nearer to the sun than in the more distinct part of its orbits

23
Q

What is geostationary orbit ?

A

An artificial earth satellite with an orbit period of exactly one day

24
Q

How can i calculate orbital speeds ?

A

Divide the circumference by the time.

25
Q

What is the lifecycle of a star

A

It depends on the size of the star

26
Q

How do stars form

A

From a cloud of dust called a nebula .

27
Q

What happens as gravity pulls the dust and gas together ?

A

The temperature rise as the star get denser and more particles collide with each other, forming a protostar.

28
Q

What happens when the outward pressure balances the force of gravity ?

A

A main sequence star is formed

29
Q

What happens when the hydrogen runs out and gravity is greater than the outward thermal pressure ?

A

It becomes a red giant or red supergiant

30
Q

What happens when a small to medium size star becomes unstable and ejects its outer layer of dust and gas ?

A

A white dwarf

31
Q

What happens to big stars ?

A

Eventually they explode in a supernova

32
Q

What is left when the exploding supernova throws the outer dust and gas into space ?

A

A very dense core called a neutron star or it will collapse and become a black hole.

33
Q

What gives stars their colors ?

A

The hotter the surface temperature, the more light of higher frequencies they emit.

34
Q

How can i compare brightness ?

A

Absolute magnitude is a measure of how bright a star would appear if it was fixed distance from earth ?

35
Q

What is the hertzprung- Russell diagram ?

A

A graph of absolute magnitude against temperature.

36
Q

What are exoplanets ?

A

Planet that orbits stars other than our sun.

37
Q

What is the transit method ?

A

The brightness of a star is measured as a planet orbits it.

38
Q

What is a light curve ?

A

Shows how the brightness changes over time.

39
Q

How does the light curve change for bigger or fast planet ?

A
40
Q

What is necessary for life ?

A

Liquid water, ideally 0-50 decrease

41
Q

What is the Goldilocks zone ?

A

The region around a star within which a planet would be able to support liquid water at their surface

42
Q

What affects a planet’s temperature ?

A

It is the atmosphere and distance form the sun

43
Q

What is the Doppler effect

A

The wavelength changes when an object is moving closer or further away

44
Q

What is redshift ?

A

When the wavelength of light shifts to a higher frequency

44
Q

What is blue shift ?

A

When the wavelength of light shifts to a lower frequency.

45
Q

What was the Big Bang ?

A

A big explosion that started that started the universe over 13.8 billion year ago

46
Q

How is the universe expanding ?

A

In all directions.

47
Q

Name lifecycle of a star

A

Protostar, standard star, red supergiant, supernova/ white dwarf, very big star,/ black dwarf , neutron star, black hole

48
Q
A

Physics space (1 decks)

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