Space, Sports, Sea Flashcards
Type 1 decompression sickness includes which of the following?
Skin itching
Type 1 decompression sickness is characterized by symptoms such as skin itching, joint pain, and rashes.
How much nitrogen is dissolved in the blood at sea level?
1L
At sea level, approximately 1 liter of nitrogen is dissolved in the blood, which is crucial for understanding diving physiology.
The volume of air that exists in the windpipe and mouthpiece of the scuba device is considered as part of the?
Dead Space Volume
Dead Space Volume refers to the air that does not participate in gas exchange, which includes the air in the windpipe and mouthpiece.
Due to when a person ascends air will expire and must be released from the lungs otherwise injury will occur. This concept is described by?
Boyle’s Law
Boyle’s Law states that the pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to its volume, which is critical in understanding the effects of ascension during diving.
Immersion of the body up to the neck decreases?
Functional residual capacity
Functional residual capacity refers to the amount of air remaining in the lungs after a normal exhalation, which decreases due to body immersion.
Which of the following is decreased in an untrained athlete?
Tidal volume
Exhaustion may occur in which of the following?
Insufficient delivery of O2 to tissues, lactic acid accumulation, high core temp
What is the best diet for longer endurance?
Pure carbohydrate
For an athlete to perform high endurance activity, which of the following should he possess?
Increased ability to reach high O2 consumption
What is the source of energy for the first 3 seconds of muscle contraction?
ATP hydrolysis
The maximum muscular contraction force is?
3-4kg/cm2
What is/are the advantages of muscle hypertrophy achieved during training?
Increase ATP, Increase stored glycogen, Increase stored triglyceride
Which of the following is the major rate limiting factor in exercise?
Heart rate
Before going to any sports activity, warm up exercises are required in order to?
Increase free intercellular calcium, Promote oxygen unloading to the tissues, Increase heart rate
Which of the following is a way to best implement exercise prescription?
Monitor compliance and benefits
Which of the following can happen when an aviator is exposed to a positive G-force?
Pooling of blood in the lower parts of the body
Up to what degree of positive G-force can a person withstand in sitting position before they get vertebral injury?
+20G
Exposure to negative G-forces may cause which of the following?
Temporary blindness, Headache, confusion
Human highest habitation is at what altitude?
20,000 ft.
What can explain cerebral edema in acute mountain sickness?
Increased interstitial hydrostatic pressure
Which of the following can be seen in chronic mountain sickness?
Polycythemia, Hemoconcentration, Cardiomegaly
To effectively prevent chronic mountain sickness, how long should it take to ascend to 8,000 feet above sea level?
48 hours
A person undergoes acclimatization to low pO2 at high altitudes by which of the following?
Increase pulmonary ventilation
Which of the following is our physiologic response to high altitudes?
Hyperventilation, Polycythemia, Angiogenesis
