Space Science Vocab Flashcards

1
Q

Photosphere

A

The visible surface of the Sun, lying just above the uppermost layer of the Sun’s interior, and just below the chromosphere.

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2
Q

Radiative Zone

A

Carries energy from the core outward by using protons.

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3
Q

Electromagnetic Radiation

A

the energy transmitted through space by electric and magnetic fields that are regularly moving back and forth. It travels at 3 × 108 m/s in a vacuum and includes (in order of increasing energy) radio, infrared, visible light (optical), ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays.

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4
Q

Radiation

A

Emission of energy in the form of rays or waves.

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5
Q

Spectrum

A

A chart of the entire range of wavelengths of light from an object.

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6
Q

Absolute Magnitude

A

The magnitude the star would have if it was placed at a distance of 10 parsecs from earth.

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7
Q

Apparent Magnitude

A

How bright the star appears to us from our point of view.

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8
Q

Black Hole

A

Supernova remnants from a star 3x more massive than our sun.

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9
Q

Luminosity

A

The total amount of energy radiated by an object every second.

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10
Q

Main Sequence Stars

A

Star formed when the temperature in the center of a cloud reaches 15 million k.

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11
Q

Supernova

A

The death explosion of a massive star whose core has completely burned out.

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12
Q

Albedo

A

The reflective property of a non-luminous object.

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13
Q

Chromosphere

A

A layer in the sun’s atmosphere. between the photosphere and coronas.

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14
Q

Convective Zone

A

Convective currents carry the energy outward to the surface. hot materials rise and cool materials fall.

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15
Q

Core

A

The core creates nuclear fusion reactions fusing hydrogen atoms to create helium.

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16
Q

Corona

A

The outermost atmosphere of a star.

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17
Q

Wavelength

A

The horizontal distance between two successive crests of a wave.

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18
Q

Matter

A

A solid, liquid, or gas that possesses inertia and is capable of occupying space

19
Q

Doppler effect

A

The apparent change of wavelength occurring when an object is moving towards or away from an observer

20
Q

Proton

A

A subatomic particle with a positive charge which is found in the nucleus of an atom

21
Q

Electron

A

A subatomic particle with a negative charge which orbits around the nucleus of an atom

22
Q

Blackbody

A

A theoretical object which is both a perfect absorber and emitter of radiation

23
Q

Big Bang Theory

A

A theory to try to explain the origin of the universe

24
Q

Neutron

A

A subatomic particle having zero charge found in the nucleus of an atom.

25
Sunspot
Dark, cool areas which appear on the photosphere
26
Solar Flare
Occurs when the magnetic energy that has built up in the solar atmosphere is suddenly released
27
Prominence
A large, bright, gaseous feature extending outward from the sun's surface, often in a loop shape
28
Nuclear Fushion
A nuclear reaction in which two or more atomic nuclei collide at a very high speed and join to form a new type of atomic nucleus
29
Blue Shift
Any decreasing wavelength, with the corresponding increase in frequency, of electromagnetic waves
30
Frequency
The number of cycles or waves per unit time
31
Gravitational Force
An interaction between particles or bodies resulting from their masses.
32
Red Shift
The displacement of spectral lines toward longer wave lengths in radiation from distant galaxies and celestial items.
33
Crest
A point on the wave where the displacement of the medium is at a maximum.
34
Diffraction
The process by which a beam of light or other system of waves is spread out as a result of passing through a narrow aperture or across an edge, typically accompanied by interference between the wave forms produced.
35
Energy
The capacity to do work.
36
Trough
A hollow between two wave crests.
37
Weak force
One of the four fundamental forces that govern all matter in the universe, plays a greater role in things falling apart.
38
Absorbers
A material in a nuclear reactor that absorbed neutrons without reproducing them.
39
Emitter
An electrode on a transistor from which a flow of electrons or holes enter the region between the electrodes.
40
Neutron Star
A stellar remnant that can result from the gravitational collapse of a massive star after a supernova.
41
Red Giant
A very large star of high luminosity and low surface temperature.
42
Atom
The smallest unit of a chemical element that can still retain properties of that element.
43
Conduction
The transmission of heat through a medium and without the motion of the medium.