Spaatz AE cards Flashcards
Who invented the kite?
Chinese
Who invented gunpowder?
Chinese
Who used gunpowder for rockets?
Chinese
Where are the winged children from?
Greece and Rome
Where is Pegasus, the winged horse, from?
Greece and Rome
Who are the father and son who escaped from prison, made wings out of feathers and wax and the son flew too close to the son?
Icarus and Daedalus
Who flew in a cage drawn by winged griffins?
Alexander the Great
Who devoted his life to mysteries of flying, gave world descriptions and pictures of flying machines and his manuscripts were found and published 300 years later?
Leonardo da Vinci
In 1709, who invented the hot-air balloon?
Laurenco de Gusmao
In 1766, discovered flammable air (later called hydrogen).
Henry Cavendish
In 1783, who demonstrated a hot-air balloon?
Montgolfier brothers
In 1785, who flew across the English Channel.
Jean Pierre Blanchard and Dr. John Jeffries,
In 1793, what ocurred in Philadelphia? President George Washington and thousands watched.
First American balloon flight
In 1797, who made the first parachute jump from a balloon?
Andre-Jacques Garnerin
First use of balloons by the United States military occurred when?
Civil War
Who constructed a whirling-arm device and tested types of wings, built and flew small model gliders, the forces of lift, drag and thrust and built the first successful full-sized, manned glider?
George Cayley
Who built a 440-pound, man-carrying glider with wings like a sea gull?
John Montgomery
Who built single-winged and two-winged gliders?
Otto Lilienthal
Who attempted to add power to a glider?
Samuel Pierpont Langley
Who achieved success in controlled, sustained and powered flight?
The Wright Brothers
What is the composition of air?
79% nitrogen, 21% oxygen and 1% of several other gases
How far does the atmosphere extends?
100 miles
What is Standard pressure?
14.7 psi
How many degrees Fahrenheit does the temperature decrease every 1,000 feet increase in altitude?
3.5 degrees Fahrenheit
What means how many molecules are squeezed into a given volume?
Density
What is defined as a fluid’s resistance to flow?
Viscosity
What is defined as the smooth pattern around a moving object?
Laminar
What aircraft exceeded the speed of sound on October 14, 1947
X-1
Who discovered the relationship between the pressure and speed of a fluid in motion?
Daniel Bernoulli
Bernoulli’s principle states, as the velocity of a fluid increases, the pressure ____.
Decreases
What are the four forces of flight?
Lift, thrust, drag and weight
What are a graphical mathematical illustration showing both direction and magnitude?
Vectors
What opposes all motion through the atmosphere?
Drag
What is it called when the air next to a wing’s surface separates, it flows more slowly and loses its lift capability
Stall
What are the axes of an aircraft?
Longitudinal (roll), Lateral (pitch) and Vertical (yaw)
What are the two most common types of engines?
reciprocating and turbine
What is it called when the cycle begins with the piston at top center of the cylinder of a piston?
Intake stroke
What is it called when the crankshaft drives the piston upward in the cylinder compressing the mixture of air and fuel?
Compression stroke
What is it called when the compression stroke is completed and just before the piston reaches its top position, the compressed mixture is ignited by the spark plug?
Ignition and power stroke
What is it called when the second upward stroke, the exhaust valve is opened and the piston forces the burned gases out?
Exhaust stroke
What is the action end of an aircraft’s reciprocating engine?
Propeller
What is the engine that whirls and refers to any type of wheel device that has vanes attached to it?
Turbine engine
What are the four basic type of turbine engines?
Turbojet, Turbofan, Turboprop and Propfan
What takes a small amount of air at the intake and accelerate it to extremely high velocities through the exhaust nozzle.
Turbine Engines
What uses a series of fan-like compressor blades to bring air into the engine and compress it with a series of rotor and stator blades?
Turbojet Engines
What type of engine has one or more rows of compressor blades extending beyond the normal compressor blades?
Turbofan Engines
Is more air pulled into turbofan engines or turbojet engines?
Turbofan Engine
What combines the best features of turbojet and propeller aircraft?
Turboprop Engines
What type of Engine uses the force of inertia to rams air into a streamlined chamber of a fast-flying aircraft?
Ramjet
What are protrusions from the leading edge of a wing? They add to the induced lift of a wing.
Slats
What works to destroy lift? They are located somewhere on the top of the wing.
Spoilers
What are the three classifications of a fuselage?
truss, semimonocoque and monocoque
What type of landing gear consists of two wheels forward and one small wheel in the rear?
Conventional
What type of landing gear has a nose wheel and two wheels, one on each side, underneath where the pilot sits?
Tricycle
What type of landing gear has two sets of wheels located one behind the other on the fuselage?
Tandem
What includes everything that involves delivery of fuel to the engine of an airplane?
Fuel Systems
What type of fuel tank uses gravity to cause the fuel to flow from the tanks downward to the engine?
Gravity feed
What type of fuel tank uses a fuel pump to drive the fuel from the tanks to the engine?
Force-feed
What leads from each tank to distribute the fuel throughout the aircraft?
Fuel lines
What uses water to operate the brakes, the landing gear, move the flight controls, and extend and lower the flaps?
Hydraulic system
What uses electricity to operate the brakes, the landing gear, move the flight controls, and extend and lower the flaps?
Electrical Systems
What to of instruments work by means of direct mechanical linkage?
Mechanical instruments
What type of instruments use compression from fluids like air to get readings?
Pressure instruments
What aircraft instruments operate on the principles of electricity, including magnetism?
Electrical instruments
What measures speed; how fast the engine’s crankshaft is turning?
Tachometer
What instrument measures your height above sea level?
Altimeter
What instrument tells the pilot at what rate the airplane is climbing or descending?
Vertical Velocity Indicator
What type of transport is designed to travel at Mach 5 and greater?
Hypersonic transport
Who continued their experiments and perfected their aircraft? In October 1905, they flew 38 minutes and covered over 24 miles. The flight ended only when they ran out of fuel.
The Wright brothers
In 1907, who became the fastest man on Earth when he set the motorcycle speed record of 136.3 mph? Then he switched his interest to airplanes.
Glenn Curtiss
In 1908, who won the Scientific American Trophy in June Bug?
Glenn Curtiss
1909, who won the Gordon Bennett Trophy in Golden Flyer?
Glenn Curtiss
In 1910, both ____ and ____ opened flying schools.
the Wrights brothers, Glenn Curtiss
In 1910, who became the first president to fly?
Theodore Roosevelt
In 1911, William Randolph Hearst offered $50,000 for flying across the US in 30 days. Who on board the Vin Fiz Flyer completed the journey in 49 days and missed the prize money?
Calbraith Perry Rodgers
In 1911, who became America’s first licensed female pilot?
Harriet Quimby
In 1904, who built a glider and used ailerons to replace the wing-warping technique?
Robert Esnault-Pelterie
In 1906, who flew the first powered airplane in Europe? Two weeks later he flew 722 feet and the press reported it in a positive manner.
Alberto Santos-Dumont
In 1907, who built and flew the world’s first powered monoplane?
Louis Bleroit
In 1911, who was granted patents for the world’s first multiengine aircraft? It had two engines and three propellers and was called the Triple Twin
The Short brothers
In 1913, who built and flew the first four-engine aircraft? It was called the LeGrand.
Igor Sikorsky
In 1907, who built and flew the first helicopter that lifted man into the air?
Louis Breguet
1914, the first regularly scheduled airline service using heavier-than-air craft started. What was the name of this airline?
The St. Petersburg – Tampa Airboat Line
By the end of 1913, the US Army had ____ aircraft and ____ pilots.
19, 29
When did the US enter World War I?
1917
Who was the leading American ace of WWI with 26 kills in only five months of flying? He was the only living American to receive the Congressional Medal of Honor during WWI.
Eddie Rickenbacker
Who was an American aviator who got his start in WWI? He later became the leading enthusiast for aviation, air power and the airplane’s role as an offensive weapon.
Billy Mitchell
What are the eighteen lines going from North to South called
Lines of longitude
What lines on a map have 10 degrees spacing between them from the equator to the poles?
Lines of latitude
Where is the zero degree point for the lines of longitude? What is it called?
Greenwich, England; prime meridian
What is a cylindrical projection of a map?
Mercator
What projection places a cone over the earth and projects the meridians and parallels?
Conic
What is the most commonly used map chart?
Sectional aeronautical chart
What type of map gives important information to pilots, particularly pilots who fly small aircraft over short distances?
Sectional aeronautical chart
What type of charts describe elevation and are depicted by color tints, contour lines and shading?
Relief charts
What type of airport is unpavedand is marked as a magenta circle?
Civilian airport
What type of airport is depicted the same as civilian; only distinguishing feature is theabbreviation for the owning military service?
Military airport
What type of airport shares its runways to civilians and military?
Joint-use airports
What airspace is subject to control by FAA air traffic controllers?
Controlled airspace
What is the name of the Largest area of controlled airspace?
Continental control area
Most control areas are around most ____.
Airports
What are three-dimensional highways in the sky?
Airways
What is the line or series of lines that the navigator indicates the airplane will follow?
The True-course Line
