sp14 - pressure, temperature and volume Flashcards
In a gas container without a fixed volume, describe the volume and pressure of the gas
In a gas container without a fixed volume, the volume of the gas inside remains constant as the pressure of the gas pushing outwards is equal to the pressure of the air pushing inwards.
How can a change in pressure affect the volume of a gas in a container without a fixed volume?
A change in pressure can alter the volume of a gas in a container without a fixed volume by adjusting either the internal (outward) pressure or the external (inward) pressure on the container.
explain gas collisions in the walls of a container
(hint: RD) and (L)
Collisions between gas particles and the walls of a container occur in random directions but collectively produce a net force perpendicular to the container wall.
Describe how heating a balloon affects the gas particles inside it.
Heating a balloon causes the gas particles inside it to gain energy and move around quicker, increasing the pressure of the gas inside the balloon.
Explain what happens to a balloon when it is cooled.
Cooling a balloon causes the outward pressure of the gas inside to be smaller than the inward pressure, leading to the gas inside the balloon being compressed.
How does pushing hard on the plunger of an air-tight syringe affect the gas inside it?
Pushing hard on the plunger of an air-tight syringe increases the inward pressure on the gas, compressing the gas inside the syringe.
explain atmospheric pressure in terms of altitude
atmospheric pressure decreases as altitude increases, so as a container of gas rises, the inward pressure decreases. This causes the gas to expand as the altitude increases
How does the gas exert pressure on the plunger of a pump when work is done on it?
The gas exerts pressure on the plunger of the pump, which requires work to be done against this force to push down the plunger.
boyle’s law
for a constant temperature, pressure x volume is constant
