sp1 sp2 motion and forces (paper 1 and 2) Flashcards
define scalar quantity
have a size or magnitude but no specific direction
define vector quantity
have a size or magnitude and a specific direction
define magnitude
distance or quantity
define momentum
a combination of mass and velocity
how to work out velocity
(final velocity)^2 - (initial velocity)^2 = 2 x acceleration x distance travelled
how to work out acceleration
acceleration (m/s^2) = change in velocity (m/s) / time (s)
how to work out momentum
mass (kg) x velocity (m/s)
how to work out acceleration from time graph
change in velocity / change in time
what is newtons first law
a stationary or moving object will continue moving at a constant speed unless acted upon by an external force
how to work out speed
speed (m/s) = distance (m) / time (s)
how to work out weight with units
weight(N) = mass(kg) x gravitational field strength(N/kg)
how to measure weight
newtonmeter
define mass
amount of matter within a three dimensional space
define weight
the force a body experiences due to the gravitational field and mass
how to work out force with units
force (N) = mass (kg) x acceleration (m/s^2)
what is newtons second law
when a resultant force acts on an object, there will be a change in velocity
what is newtons third law
for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction
define human reaction time
time between a stimulus and a response
factors that effect the thinking distance
- tired
- distracted
- alcohol
- drugs
factors that effect the stopping distance
- the road is icy or wet
- brake/tires are worn
- bigger mass of car
