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Physics Paper 1 > Sp1 And Sp2 > Flashcards

Sp1 And Sp2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is a vector quantity

A

Quantity that has both size and direction

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2
Q

Vector quantity examples

A

Displacement
Velocity
Acceleration
Momentum

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3
Q

What is a scalar quantity

A

Quantity that only has a size

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4
Q

Scalar quantity examples

A

Distance
Speed
Energy
Time

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5
Q

Velocity definition

A

Speed in a particular definition

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6
Q

Acceleration definition

A

A measure of how fast velocity is changing

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7
Q

Momentum definition

A

Combination of mass and velocity

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8
Q

Speed equation

A

Speed = distance/time

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9
Q

In a lab what can be used to measure speed for fast moving objects

A

Light gates. They are more accurate than a stopwatch

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10
Q

What can a journey be represented on

A

A journey can be represented on a distance/time graph

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11
Q

What can a distance/time graph tell you about speed

A

.horizontal lime means the object is stationary
.straight sloping lines mean the object is travelling at a constant speed
. Speed is calculated from the gradient of the line

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12
Q

How to calculate the gradient

A

Gradient= vertical difference between two points on a graphs / horizontal difference between the same points

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13
Q

What is acceleration

A

Change in velocity

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14
Q

Acceleration calculation

A

Acceleration = change in velocity/ time taken

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15
Q

Equation linking velocity and distance and acceleration

A

2as= v^2 - u^2

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16
Q

Acceleration due to gravity

A

9.8 m/s^2

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17
Q

What can a velocity time graph tell you about velocity

A

-a horizontal line means the object is travelling at a constant velocity .
-a sloping line shows that the object is accelerating the steeper the line the greater the acceleration.
-a line below the x axis shows the object moving in the opposite direction.

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18
Q

How to workout distance on a velocity time graph

A

Working out the area under the graph .

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19
Q

What is acceleration

A

Acceleration is a change in a vector quantity

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20
Q

How to calculate resultant force

A

If the forces are acting in the same direction add them .

If the forces are acting in opposite directions subtract one from the other

21
Q

What are balanced forces

A

Forces acting on an object when the resultant force is 0

22
Q

Isaac newton first law of motion

A
  • a moving object will continue to move at the same speed and direction unless an external force acts on it .
  • a stationary object will remain at rest unless an external force acts on it
23
Q

What is centripetal force

A

Force that acts on objects moving in a circle that allows them to continue to move in a circle

24
Q

Mass definition

A

The amount of matter that their is in an object

25
Q

Weight definition

A

A measure of the pull of gravity on an object

26
Q

How can weight be measured

A

Using a force meter

27
Q

Gravitational field strength on earth

A

10 newtons per kg

28
Q

Equation for weight

A

Weight = mass x GFS

29
Q

Newton’s second law of motion

A

If a non-zero resultant force acts on an object then it will cause the object to accelerate

Size of the resultant force is directly proportional to the acceleration it causes

30
Q

Key concept of inertial mass

A

The more massive an object is the more force is needed to change its velocity

31
Q

Equation for inertial mass

A

Im = a/f

32
Q

What is Newton’s third law

A

When two objects interact the forces they exert on each other are equal and opposite

33
Q

What is momentum

A

A measure of the tendency of an object to keep moving

34
Q

Equation for momentum

A

Momentum = mass x velocity

35
Q

Equation linking change in velocity and mass

A

Force = mass x change in velocity
Divided by time

36
Q

What is conservation of momentum

A

The idea that when moving objects collide the tots, momentum of both objects is the same before the collision as it is after the collision as long as there are no external forces acting

37
Q

Equation for stopping distance

A

Stopping distance = thinking distance + breaking distance

38
Q

What is reaction time

A

Time between a person detecting a stimulus and their response

39
Q

What is the typical reaction time to a visual stimulus

A

0.25 seconds

40
Q

Things that affect a persons reaction time

A

If their ill tired taking drugs or drinking alcohol or distractions like mobile phones .

41
Q

How do car brakes work

A

They use friction to slow the car down . If the brakes are worn they create less friction and do not slow the vehicle as effectively

42
Q

What effects how well car brakes can work .

A

If the road is wet or has loose gravel or the tyres of the car are worn this will create less friction and decrease the effectiveness of the car brakes

43
Q

What is work done

A

The energy transferred by a force acting over a distance

44
Q

Equation for work done

A

Work done = force x distance moved in the direction of the force

45
Q

Equation for kinetic energy

A

Kinetic energy = 1/2 x mass x speed^2

46
Q

What is deceleration

A

What an object slows down

47
Q

What is a crumple zone

A

Safety feature built into the front of cars to reduce the force of a collision on the people in the car

48
Q

How does a crumple zone work

A

If the car hits something the crumple zone takes a little time to crumple so the deceleration of the car is less and the force of the car is also less that if it had a solid front

Physics Paper 1 (3 decks)

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