Soviet Union: How did Stalin devastate the Soviet Union? Flashcards

1
Q

What did Stalin do that caused an economic impact?

A

Collectivisation, rapid industrialisation

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2
Q

What did Stain do that caused a political impact?

A

The Great Terror, Propaganda

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3
Q

What did Stalin do that caused a social impact?

A

State control of society, let people live in fear, policies impact on social groups

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4
Q

What happened when collectivisation was implemented?

A

Many peasants, including the rich farmers, killed their animals and crops, which contributed to the Great Famine. State collected grain for factories and left none for the people.

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5
Q

What happened when rapid industrialization was implemented?

A

Lesser demand for farm workers, more production of food to supply, more new factories and expansion of industrial workforce, state quotas were set

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6
Q

What was the purpose of the Five-Year Plans?

A

It was to rapidly industrialise the Soviet Union

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7
Q

What was the negative impact of the Five-Year Plans?

A

Little growth in consumer industries, underproduction due to material shortage, overproduction to meet quota, quality of products was sub-standard and potentially hazardous

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8
Q

What was the purpose of The Great Terror?

A

Stalin wanted to consolidate his power and enforce party discipline, and remove any domestic opposition

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9
Q

What actions were taken during The Great Terror?

A

Purges and show trials, arrests and interrogations

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10
Q

What was the impact of the Great Terror?

A

Loss of intellectuals, skilled workers and officers->affected the workforce, civil service and education->no experienced and capable commanders for army->weakened USSR

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11
Q

How did state control of society impact the people?

A

This resulted in a fall in standard of living, famine, and lack of consumer goods

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12
Q

Why was there a fall in the standard of living?

A

People cannot buy or build houses, many were forced to live in cramp conditions, workers were pushed very hard and had poor working conditions

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13
Q

Why was there a famine?

A

State controlled the use of agricultural produce and forcibly took farmers’ crops. Did not distribute it and sold it overseas for funds for industrial machinery and development

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14
Q

Why was there a lack of consumer goods?

A

Focus on production of industrial goods->neglect on consumer goods, more focus on producing weapons than consumer goods for the welfare of the people

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15
Q

Why did the people live in fear?

A

Spies and informers everywhere->people killed/arrested for the slightest reason->those judged poorly faced difficulty applying for jobs, housing and holidays

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16
Q

Who were the Stakhanovites?

A

Exemplars of working-class values(e.g.hard work and selflessness) who were celebrated by Stalin

17
Q

What was the negative impact of the ‘New Soviet Man’?

A

Although people were enthusiastic at first, there was pressure to perform up to the state’s standard and those who failed to do so faced oppression

18
Q

How did the policies allow women to enter the workforce?

A

Abortion+Divorce was legalised and childcare centres were built to encourage women to be productive members of the economy and control their own lives more

19
Q

What were the downsides of the policies allowing women to work?

A

The childcare centres were poorly maintained and abortion was banned again (1969), so the women were expected to be workers+housewives

20
Q

What happened when Stalin implemented compulsory schooling?

A

literary rates increased(men->40% to 94%, women->13% to 65%)

21
Q

What was taught in the schools of the Soviet Union?

A

Propaganda, emphasised communism, atheism and technical subjects

22
Q

Why were teenagers encouraged to join the Komsomol(Communist Union of Youth)?

A

Stalin wanted to be seen as father of the people, and through this youths would be indoctrinated to be loyal to him and the Communist Party, then promoted to Party Posts