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South America > South America > Flashcards

South America Flashcards

1
Q

What is Bonarda known as elsewhere?

A

Charbono in the US, Corbeau in Savoie

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2
Q

Members of VIGNO

A

Alcance
Garcia Schwaderer
De Martino
Garage Wine Co.
Gillmore
Lapostolle
Meli
Morande
Odfjell
Undurraga
Valdivieso
Viña Roja
Miguel Torrres
Concha y Toro

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3
Q

What is MOVI?

A

Movimiento de Vinateros Independientes (movement of Independent Vintners) - 09 est. group of small wineries.

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4
Q

What grape has the highest level of 3-isobutyl-2-methoxypyrazine?

A

Carmenere!

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5
Q

What’s the southern most DO in Coquimbo?

A

Choapa

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6
Q

Order from North to South: Elqui, Maule, Choapa, Limari, San Antonio

A

Elqui, Limari, Choapa, San Antonio, Maule

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7
Q

Sagrada Familia, Rauco, Romeral, and Molina are DO areas within…?

A

?

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8
Q

What are the DOC of Arentina?

A

Lujan de Cuyo, and San Rafael

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9
Q

Where is Lontue?

A

Curico

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10
Q

What wine growing region is closest to the equator?

A

Sao Francisco Valley

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11
Q

Where is the Famatina Valley?

A

In La Rioja Argentina

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12
Q

What is the altitude of Salta?

A

4900 fosl to 9860 fosl (or 10210 fosl - Both $’s Wines of Argentina)

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13
Q

What causes El Nino and what were some years that affected Chile?

A

Weakening of the humbholt curent. 1997-98 was really bad. 02, and ‘16 also. Lots of rain

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14
Q

Tinogasta is located in which region?

A

?

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15
Q

Where is Peumo DO?

A

Cachapoal

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16
Q

What is the average elevation range for vineyards in Argentina?

A

500-1500m

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17
Q

What is the climate of Zona Austral?

A

Maritime

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18
Q

What is the parentage of Malbec?

A

Prunelard x Magdeleine Noire des Charentes

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19
Q

What factors contribute to the intensity of Argentinian wine?

A

Intense sunlight, dry air, altitude, temperature swings, and generally high temperatures

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20
Q

What are the differences between VC an VCP wines?

A

VC are Vino Comun and are bulk wines based on Muscat of Hamburg. VCP are Vino de Calidad Preferente and are vinifera

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21
Q

What are the winemaking provinces of Patagonia?

A

Neuquen, Rio Negro, La Pampa, (Chubut?)

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22
Q

What are the provinces of the Northern Argentina?

A

Salta, Tucuman, Catamarca

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23
Q

Almaviva is a collaboration between which two wineries?

A

Baronne Philippe de Rothschild and …? CyT?

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24
Q

Where is Puente Alto?

A

Maipo (unofficial sub)

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25
Q

What are the regions of Sur from North to South?

A

Itata, Bio Bio, Malleco

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26
Q

What are areas within San Antonio?

A

w/in Leyda: San Juan, Santo Domingo

outside Leyda: Cartagena, Lo Abarca, Algarrobo

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27
Q

When did Chile declare independence?

A

1818 - Bernardo O’Higgins led

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28
Q

Which of the areas of Coquimbo are Coasta?

A

Limari

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29
Q

Where is the place of 2 harvests per year in Brazil

A

Sao Francisco Valley

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30
Q

What is the dominant soil type of Argentina?

A

Sandy Loam.or alluvial

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31
Q

What did King Philip II do to affect early chilean wine?

A

Forbade new plantings in 1595, forbid native labor, and raised taxes on aguardiente production. THe first two were hard to enforce.

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32
Q

What is the parentage of Carmenere?

A

Cab Franc and Gros Cabernet

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33
Q

Where is the majority of Brazilian Wine Production?

A

(Val do Vinedos) Serra Gaucha within Rio Grande do Sul

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34
Q

What are the winemaking areas of the North Region of Argentina?

A

Catamarca, Jujuy, Salta, Tucuman, Valles Calchaquies IG (which is multi-departmental)

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35
Q

Where is Casa Marin?

A

Lo Abarca, San Antonio Valley, Aconcagua

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36
Q

What causes El Nino and what were som eyears that affected Chile?

A

Weakening of the humbholt curent. 1997-98 was really bad. 02, and ‘16 also. Lots of rain

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37
Q

What is the climate of Norte Chico?

A

Hot and Arid

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38
Q

What ocean current influences the coastal regions of Chile?

A

Humbolt Current

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39
Q

What are the longitudinal divisions of Chile?

A

Andes, Entre Cordilleras, Costa

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40
Q

What is the most planted grape of Chile?

A

Cabernet Sauv.

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41
Q

Where is most Brazilian wine produced?

A

Serra Gaucha

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42
Q

Where is Limari?

A

Coquimbo

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43
Q

What is the river of Uco Valley?

A

Tunuyan

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44
Q

What are the Subregions of Sur?

A

Itata, Bio Bio, Malleco

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45
Q

Where is Bio Bio?

A

Sur

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46
Q

Name the prestige bottlings of Carmenere by Errazuris and CyT respectively. And the DO

A

Errazuriz ‘Kai’ Aconcagua Valley DO. CyT Carmin de Puemo in Puemo DO (w/in Cachapoal)

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47
Q

Which rapel DO has a higher quality reputation?

A

Colchagua

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48
Q

Where would you find the subregions of Belen, Poman, Santa Maria, and Tinogasta?

A

Catamarca IG in the North Region of Argentina

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49
Q

What is the main grape of Valle de Limari?

A

Chardonnay

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50
Q

What is the grape of Lujan de Cuyo DOC?

A

Malbec

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51
Q

Tinogasta is located in which region?

A

??

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52
Q

What is Brazil’s first DO?

A

Vale dos Vinhedos, 2009 (or 2002 GS?), Merlot and Chard.

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53
Q

Where is Isabel a common variety?

A

Serra Gaucha, and in general, Brazil

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54
Q

What grape is not permitted on Chilean labels?

A

Pais

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55
Q

What is Paul Hobbs estate in Argentina?

A

Vina Cobos

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56
Q

What is the name of the fog in Limari?

A

Comanchaca fog

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57
Q

Where did Migiuel Torres first set up in Chile?

A

Curico in 1979

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58
Q

What are the subregions of Mendoza?

A

Northern, Central (Upper), Southern, Eastern, and Uco Valley

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59
Q

What is the alcohol requirement for Reserva Privada and Gran Reserva in Chile?

A

12.50%

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60
Q

What are the subzones of Central Valley?

A

Maipo, Rapel, Curico, Maule

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61
Q

Other Winegrowing regions in brazil

A

Sao Joaquim, Serra do Sudeste, Campanha

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62
Q

Subregions of Aconcagua?

A

Aconcagua Valley, San Antonio Valley, Casablanca.

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63
Q

What are the geographical designations of Chile from Largest to Smallest?

A

Viticultural Region (Region Viticola), Subregion, Zone, Area

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64
Q

What are the DO within Rapel?

A

Cachapoal and Colchagua

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65
Q

What are the unofficial subzones of the Maipo DO?

A

Alto Maipo (400-600m), Medio Maipo, Maipo Costa/Bajo

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66
Q

What triggered the vineyard boom in argentina?

A

The completion of the Buenos Aires - Mendoza Railroad in 1855 and mass immigration from southern Europe.

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67
Q

What is the most extreme subzone of San Antonio?

A

Lo Abarca - coldest

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68
Q

who owns Terrazas de los Andes?

A

Moet & Chandon

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69
Q

What is the climate of La Rioja Argentina?

A

Hot Semi-Arid

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70
Q

What is Pais in California? Argentina?

A

Mission/Criolla Chica

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71
Q

What is Sena?

A

Errazuriz + Mondavi bordeaux blend based in Aconcagua

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72
Q

What river passes through Atacama?

A

Huasco River

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73
Q

What is pergola called in Chile?

A

Parron

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74
Q

The passing of the _____ Act in 1853 led to rapid development of Argentina’s wine industry.

A

Water

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75
Q

Name 3 bottlings of Carmenere

A

Errazuriz’s Kai, CyT Camin de Peumo, Montes’ Purple Angel

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76
Q

What is the preferred clone of Torrontes?

A

Riojano

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77
Q

Where are the highest vineyards in the world?

A

Donald Hess’s Colome estate in Salta @ 3000+m

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78
Q

Cool vintages in Chile from 2011-2015

A

2013…? Not 12 or 14

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79
Q

What is the Zonda?

A

Hot, dry wind that blows down from the Andes into argentina -

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80
Q

What dictates the need for rootstock in Casablanca?

A

Nematodes

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81
Q

What is the length of Chile?

A

4300 km. 17 to 53 degrees latitude

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82
Q

Where is the Uco Valley?

A

Mendoza

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83
Q

What are 2 bottlings of Carmenere produced in Puemo?

A

Santa Carolina’s “Herencia” and CyT’s ‘Carmin de Puemo’

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84
Q

Where is Teno?

A

Curico

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85
Q

Where are the highest vineyards in Mendoza?

A

Tupungato

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86
Q

What is Catena’s top bottling?

A

Adrianna Vineyard. Planted in 1992

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87
Q

Which river flows through San Juan?

A

?

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88
Q

What is Paul Hobbs’ Argentine project?

A

Vina Cobos

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89
Q

What year was Chile’s DO system introduced?

A

1994

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90
Q

Where is Valle de Tulum?

A

Subregion of San Juan IG, within Cuyo

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91
Q

Where is Terra Rossa found in Chile?

A

Valle di Limari

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92
Q

What are the geographical designations of Chile from Largest to Smallest?

A

Viticultural Region (Region Viticola), Subregion, Zone, Area

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93
Q

What is the required percentage of grapes, location, and vintage in chile to be labeled?

A

75%, but 85 to make EU standards

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94
Q

What is VIGNO?

A

Vignadores de Carignan - OV Carignan preservation group.

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95
Q

What is Argentina’s Bonarda Aka?

A

Charbono and Coebeau

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96
Q

What’s the oldest winery in Chile (still operating)?

A

Silvestre Ochagavia’s Vina Ochagavia in Santiago

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97
Q

Where is the place of 2 harvests per year in Brazil

A

Sao Francisco Valley

98
Q

What are 2 unofficial subs of San Antonio?

A

Lo Abarca and Rosario

99
Q

What is the primary river of Colchagua?

A

Tringuiririca River

100
Q

What is the largest growing region of Mendoza?

A

Eastern Mendoza w/70,000 ha

101
Q

What is Chilean Decree No. 464?

A

Viticultural Zoning Ordinance published in 1995 and updated in 2012

102
Q

What was Brazil’s first Origin Indication region?

A

Vale dos Vinhedos w/in Serra Gaucha which is w/in Rio Grande do Sul in 2002

103
Q

What are the rivers of Curico?

A

Teno and Lontue

104
Q

Members of MOVI?

A

Garage wine co., Alchemy, Villard, Erasmo

105
Q

Where is Maipu?

A

Mendoza

106
Q

Terrazas de los Andes produces a single vineyard Cabernet Sauvignon named “Los _____.”

A

??

107
Q

What is the river of Cachapoal?

A

The Cachapoal River

108
Q

What is the major threat to vineyards in Mendoza?

A

Summer Hail

109
Q

What are the clones of Torrontes?

A

Riojano, San juanino, Mendocino

110
Q

Who owns Casa Lapostolle?

A

Marnier Lapostolle of Grand Marnier (est. 1994)

111
Q

What 3 categories were established by the updating of Agricultural Decree 464 in ‘12?

A

Creation of Costa, Entre Cordilleras, and Andes. 85%

112
Q

What is the most planted red grape of Argentina?

A

Malbec

113
Q

Who regulates Chile’s wine laws?

A

Chile’s Agricultural and Livestock Service

114
Q

Where is Puente Alto?

A

Maipo Valley DO

115
Q

When was Chile’s DO founded?

A

1994

116
Q

What is the minimum vine age required for VIGNO wines?

A

30 years

117
Q

The Peumo DO is located in?

A

Cachapoal Valley

118
Q

What are the Pink Skinned grapes of Argentina?

A

Cereza, Criolla Chica and Grande

119
Q

What are the top 3 white varieties in Chile in terms of Vineyard Acreage?

A

Sauvignon Blanc/Vert, Chardonnay, Muscat de Alexandria

120
Q

Where is the area Puemo?

A

Cachapoal. within Rapel

121
Q

What is the border river between Argentina and Uruguay?

A

RIver Plate

122
Q

What is the mountain range parallel to Cafayate?

A

Calchaquies

123
Q

What are the winemaking areas of Patagonia?

A

La Pampa, Neuquen, Rio Negro, Chubut

124
Q

What are the IG’s of the Center Region of Argentina?

A

Cordoba Argentina IG

125
Q

What is the capitol city of Sur?

A

Concepcion

126
Q

What is Chilean Decree No. 464?

A

Viticultural Zoning Ordinance enacted in 1994, into effect in 1995 and updated in 2012 and 2018

127
Q

Where is the majority of Brazilian Wine Production?

A

Serra Gaucha within Rio Grande do Sul on the Argentine border.

128
Q

What is mostly grown in Casablanca?

A

Chardonnay and Sauvignon Blanc

129
Q

Where are the southernmost vineyards in the world?

A

Chubut, Argentina

130
Q

Where is Cafayate?

A

Salta

131
Q

What is the climate of Mendoza IG?

A

Arid Continental

132
Q

What is the most planted white grape in Argentina?

A

Pedro Gimenez

133
Q

What is the driest area of Coquimbo?

A

Elqui Valley

134
Q

Where is the Valles Calchaquies?

A

Salta

135
Q

What is the most important region in Salta?

A

Cafayate.

136
Q

Subregions of Aconcagua?

A

Aconcagua Valley, San Antonio Valley, Casablanca.

137
Q

Where is Apalta?

A

Colchagua on the N bank of the Tringuiririca river in the DO of Santa Cruz

138
Q

What are the varieties of Torrontes? And which is the best?

A

Riojano, Mendocino and Sanjuanino; Riojano

139
Q

What is the highest growing region in Chile?

A

Elqui Valley @ 2000+m - provides balance to the heat

140
Q

Where is Rio Grande do Sul?

A

Brazil along the Argentine border

141
Q

Which is warmest: Maipo, Colchagua, Cachapoal?

A

Cachapoal

142
Q

Where are Altair, Anakena, and Clos des Fous?

A

Cachapoal at high elevation in the Andes

143
Q

The Teno and Lontue Valleys are located in…?

A

Curico Valley

144
Q

What are the requirements for VIGNO?

A

Dry farmed, 65% carignan, ages 2+ years, 30+yo, w/in the secando interior

145
Q

What is the most planted grape in Uruguay?

A

Tannat

146
Q

Where is Puente Alto?

A

Alto Maipo.

147
Q

What historic wines are from Alto Maipo/Puente Alto?

A

Almaviva, Don Melchor (1st in 1987), and Vinedo Chadwick

148
Q

What is the climate of Casablanca?

A

Cool Mediterranean

149
Q

What are the 5 administrative regions of Chile?

A

Norte Grande, Norte Chico, Zona Central, Zona Sur, Zona Austral

150
Q

Who has the largest land holdings in South America?

A

Concha y Toro w/9000 ha throughout Chile and Argentina

151
Q

Where is the Calchaquies Valley?

A

Salta

152
Q

What is ‘Manso de Velasco’?

A

Torres’ 100 yo cabernet plot in sandy/pebbly soils in Curico

153
Q

What are the sub regions of Coquimbo?

A

Elqui, Limari, Choapa.

154
Q

What is the primary rock of the Andes?

A

Basalt (volcanic), but limestone is here too

155
Q

Who are Argentina’s biggest companies?

A

Bodegas Esmeralda (Alamos), and Penaflor (Trapiche)

156
Q

What are the Viticultural Regions of Chile?

A

Atacama, Coquimbo, Aconcagua, Valle Central, Sur, Austral

157
Q

Where is Santa Cruz DO?

A

Colchagua, Central Valley

158
Q

Of the chilean reserva labels, which require oak?

A

Resrva Especial and Gran Reserva

159
Q

Where in Chile did Miguel Torres set up?

A

Curico in 1979

160
Q

What important wines are from Apalta?

A

Lapostalle’s Clos Apalta and Montes’ Alpha M

161
Q

What are Baja California’s principle regions?

A

Valle de Guadalupe, Vd Grulla, Vd Santo Tomas, Vd Ojos Negros, Tecate

162
Q

What is the alcohol requirement for Reserva and Reserva Especial in Chile?

A

12.00%

163
Q

What are the tiers of Chile’s DO system?

A

Viticultural Region, Subregion, Zone, Area

164
Q

What is VIGNO?

A

Vignadores de Carignan. Producer organization dedicated to preserving Old Vine Carignan.

165
Q

What are the winemaking regions of Argentina?

A

Center Region, Cuyo IG, North Region, Patagonia IG

166
Q

What subzone do Don Melchor, Almaviva, and Vinedo Chadwick lie within?

A

Puente Alto - gravelly soil

167
Q

What is the climate of Zona Central?

A

Medeterranean

168
Q

Who owns Almaviva?

A

BP d Rothschild and Concha y Toro partnership in 1997

169
Q

What are the subzones of Central Valley?

A

Maipo, Rapel, Curico, Maule

170
Q

What is the most planted red grape in Argentina?

A

Malbec

171
Q

Where is Cafayete?

A

It’s a departement w/in Salta known for Torrontes

172
Q

What is Chile’s equivalent of the Paris Tasting?

A

2004 Berlin tasting - Chadwick and Sena beat Lafite and Margaux

173
Q

How is the Casablanca Valley classified on the Winkler Scale?

A

Region I

174
Q

What is Altura Maxima?

A

World’s highest vineyard in Payogasta, Valles Calchaquies. 3111m. Alluvial sandy soil with gravel.

Bodega Colome.

175
Q

What are the regions of Argentina?

A

North Provinces, Cuyo, Patagonia, center region

176
Q

Who first imported oak barrels into Chile?

A

Miguel Torres

177
Q

Where is Matetic?

A

Rosario, San Antonio Valley, Aconcagua

178
Q

Who are the ‘Founding Fathers’ of Chilean wine?

A

Cousino Macul, Vina San Pedro, Vina Errazuriz, Santa Carolina, Santa Rita, Concha y Toro, Undurraga

179
Q

What are the Viticultural Regions of Chile?

A

Atacama, Coquimbo, Aconcagua, Central Valley, Sur, Austral

180
Q

What are the subregions of Central Mendoza?

A

Godoy Cruz, Lujan de Cuyo IG/DOC, Maipu

181
Q

Who owns Sena?

A

Mondavi and Eduardo Chadwick (errazuriz) in 1995

182
Q

Where is Leyda Valley located?

A

San Antonio Valley

183
Q

What is a synonym for Pais?

A

Criolla Chica

184
Q

What’s the minimum ABV permitted for any wine in Chile?

A

11.5%

185
Q

Where is Leyda?

A

W/in San Antonio Valley.

186
Q

What are the provinces of Cuyo?

A

La Rioja, San Juan, Mendoza, (San Luis)

187
Q

What’s the favorite grape of Elqui Valley?

A

Syrah

188
Q

What are the winemaking areas of Argentina?

A

North, Cuyo, and Patagonia

189
Q

What is the most important state in Mexico for wine?

A

Baja California

190
Q

What are the rivers of Itata?

A

Itata and Nuble

191
Q

What is the order from largest to smallest of Chilean DO system -

A

Viticultural Regions, Subregions, Zones, Areas

192
Q

Where is Cafayete?

A

A department w/in Salta

193
Q

What is the Espalier training method?

A

Training vines up against a wall or a single plane

194
Q

Where is Veramonte based?

A

Casablanca

195
Q

What is the southernmost DO in Sur?

A

Valle de Malleco DO

196
Q

What are the Viticultural regions of Chile from N-> S

A

Atacama, Coquimbo, Aconcagua, Valle Central, Sur, Austral

197
Q

What are the subregions of Mendoza?

A

Valle de Uco, Northern Mendoza, Eastern Mendoza, Central Mendoza

198
Q

Other Winegrowing regions in brazil

A

Sao Joaquim, Serra do Sudeste, Campanha

199
Q

Which DO surrounds Santiago?

A

Maipo Valley

200
Q

What is the primary soil of the coastal range in Chile?

A

Complex. Layers of Granite, Schist, and red clay

201
Q

What’s the oldest winery in America?

A

Casa Madero - 1597

202
Q

What are the subregions of Valle de Uco?

A

San Carlos, Tunuyan, Tupungato

203
Q

Which DO has the most planted in Chile?

A

Maule

204
Q

What are the DO of Atacama?

A

Copiapo and Huasco

205
Q

Where is Valle del Limari DO?

A

Coquimbo

206
Q

Name wines produced in Apalta

A

Lapoostalle’s Clos Apalta, and Montes’ Alpha M

207
Q

What is the parentage of Carmenere?

A

Cab Franc x Gros Cabernet. TBC

208
Q

Where is Puente Alto?

A

Alto Maipo.

209
Q

Who is the primary producer of San Rafael?

A

Valentin Bianchi

210
Q

What was the first cool climate region in modern Chile?

A

Casablanca Valley

211
Q

Where is Panquehue?

A

Aconcagua Valley DO

212
Q

What are the subzones of San Antonio?

A

Officially - Leyda Valley.

213
Q

Which Chilean subregion corresponds to the O’Higgins administrative region?

A

Cachapoal

214
Q

Where is Casa Marin located?

A

Lo Abarco (San Antonio Valley)

215
Q

What were the first and second place wines at the 2004 Berlin Tasting?

A

2000 Vinedo Chadwick (Puente Alto), and 2001 Errazuriz ‘Sena’ (Panquehue)

216
Q

What do Reserva and Gran Reserva indicate on a bottle of red and white in Argentina?

A

Reserva - 6 m white, 1 yr red; Gran - 1 yr white, 2 yr red

217
Q

Which is warmer? Maipo, Cachapoal, Colchagua?

A

Cachapoal

218
Q

Where is Pirque?

A

Maipo (unofficial sub)

219
Q

What is the ocean current that affects Chile’s wine regions?

A

Humbholt Current - flows northward - limits precipitation cools the air.

220
Q

Who owns Los Vascos?

A

Ch. Lafite (took over in 1988)

221
Q

Label each DO Costa, Etre Cordilleras, or Andes: Puente Alto, Panquehue, Casablanca, Pirque

A

Andes Entre Cordilleras, Costa, Ades

222
Q

Which Argentinian estate was first to enlist Michel Rolland?

A

Etchart in Cafayete

223
Q

What is the most planted grape in Limari Valley?

A

Syrah? Chardonnay?

224
Q

What are the areas of Coquimbo?

A

Elqui Valley, Limari Valley, Choapa Valley

225
Q

What is the order from largest to smallest of Chilean DO system -

A

Viticultural Regions, Subregions, Zones, Areas

226
Q

What is Harrigue?

A

Tannat

227
Q

What is the parentage of Torrontes?

A

Criolla Chica x Muscat of Alexandria

228
Q

What is the best area for Carmenere?

A

Puemo in Cachapoal

229
Q

What are the grapes of Itata?

A

Pais, Moscatel, Cinsault

230
Q

What is the active volcano in Mendoza?

A

?

231
Q

Where is Valle de Casablanca?

A

Aconcagua

232
Q

Where are the subregions Cachi, Cafayate, Molinos, and San Carlos found?

A

Salta IG in North Region of Argentina

233
Q

Where is the commune of Panquehue?

A

Aconcagua

234
Q

What is VIGNO?

A

Vignadores de Carignan - OV Carignan preservation group.

235
Q

What year was Geographical Indication system created in Argentina?

A

???

236
Q

What are the subzones of Rapel?

A

Cachapoal and Colchagua

237
Q

When does the Zonda blow?

A

Spring (Affects flowering)

238
Q

When was Chile’s DO system established?

A

1994 w/Agricultural Decree # 464, in effect for 1995

239
Q

Who is Rosario’s only estate?

A

Matetic - Demeter

240
Q

What wind threatens viticulture in Argentina?

A

Zonda - hot NW wind

241
Q

What are the subregions of the Aconcagua region?

A

Aconcagua Valley, Casablanca Valley, San Antonio Valley

242
Q

What is the minimum percentage required to label a grape or region in Argentina?

A

?
probably 85%

South America (2 decks)

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