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South America > South America > Flashcards

South America Flashcards

1
Q

What’s the climate like in Mendoza and nearby regions? Any unique items that affect viticulture?

A

Continental climate and very dry from the Andes rainshadow.

the Zonda winds blow down from the Andes and can affect flowering.

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2
Q

What issues do Argentinian growers face throughout the year?

A

Zonda winds during flowering
Drought, irrigation is necessary.
Hail in Spring and Summer

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3
Q

Other than Malbec, what red grapes are widely cultivated in Argentina?

A

Bonarda (Charbono)
Cab Sauv
Syrah
Merlot
Tempranillo

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4
Q

What white grapes are prevalent in Argentina?

A

Pedro Gimenez (no, not the same one)
Torrontes
Chardonnay
Chenin Blanc

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5
Q

What percentage of plantings in Argentina are its historical pink ones?

What are those grapes?

A

Cereza, Criolla Chica, Criolla Grande

30%

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6
Q

An Argentinian bottle labeled Reserva requires how much ageing? Give both white and red.

Gran Reserva?

A

6 months for white
1 year for red

1 year for white
2 years for red

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7
Q

How much of Argentinian production comes from Mendoza?

A

75%

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8
Q

The high altitude Salta region is known for what grape? How high up can vineyards go here?

A

Torrontes

10000ft

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9
Q

Where in Argentina will I find the Calchaqui Valley? What sub region is here?

A

Its in Salta, home to Cafayate, the major sub region.

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10
Q

What three provinces make up the Northern Region of Argentina?

A

Salta, Tucuman, Catamarca

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11
Q

What provinces in Argentina make up Cuyo region?

A

La Rioja
San Juan
Mendoza

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12
Q

What 3 provinces make up the Patagonia region in Argentina?

A

La Pampa
Neuquen
Rio Negro

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13
Q

In what province will I find the Famatina Valley?

What are its specialties?

A

La Rioja

Torrontes and Malbec

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14
Q

Mendoza is divided up into what sub regions?

A

North, Central (Primera Zona), South, East, and Uco Valley

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15
Q

Soils in Mendoza are generally what?

A

alluvial sand over clay

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16
Q

What are the 2 DOC of Mendoza? What can they make there?

A

Lujan de Cuyo, only Malbec
San Rafael, a bit of everything

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17
Q

Uco Valley is made up of what 3 sub regions?

A

Tupungato
Tunuyan
San Carlos

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18
Q

Who makes a more serious version of Malbec aged 100% New French Oak?

A

Achaval Ferrer

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19
Q

Maipu is a sub region of what Argentinian province?

What do they grow there?

A

Mendoza

only Malbec

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20
Q

Name some Mendoza producers for solid Malbec.

A

Catena
Dominio del Plata
Bressia
Bramare

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21
Q

What Mendoza producer makes high end Bordeaux Blends?

A

Cheval des Andes

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22
Q

What producers are known for their Salta wines in Argentina?

A

Susana Balbo Crios
Donald Hess Colome
Arnaldo Etchart Yacochuya

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23
Q

What region accounts for 90% of Brazilian production? What is the major area and sub region here?

A

Rio Grande do Sul (90%)

Serra Gaucha
Vale dos Vinhedos (sub region)

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24
Q

What grape is Uruguay known for?

What do they call it?

A

Tannat

Harriague

25
Q

As a producer, Argentina ranks where in the world?

And Chile?

A

5th

top 10.

26
Q

Which South American country initially led the continent in production, and when?

A

Peru, harnessing Incan flood irrigation methods over giant tracts of vines.

1500’s

27
Q

By the 1700’s, the vineyards of Peru had shifted their focus to making what?

A

Brandy, or as they called it, Pisco.

28
Q

Wine production developed in Chile for the first time during what half century period?

A

Late 1500’s

29
Q

Chilean culture had modeled itself after whom leading up to and following independence in 1818?

A

European high society. Having a ‘chateau’ and grape vines was high class. So of course French grapes were used.

30
Q

What foreign investment can be found in Chile today?

A

Lafite Rothschild 1988

Marnier Lapostolle 1994

Cos d’Estournel+Margaux
-Vina Aquitania 1990

Phillippe Rothschild and Concha y Toro
-Almaviva 1997

31
Q

What are the 5 geographic sectors of Chile from North to South?

A

Norte Grande
Norte Chico
Zona Central
Zona Sur
Zona Austral

32
Q

What terroir factors are at play in Chile? What is the climate like?

A

Humboldt Current moderates coastal areas

Cordilleras de la Costa provides a rainshadow effect, which fades as you go South.

Atacama Desert up North, hot and arid

Mediterranean in Zona Central

33
Q

What three label terms highlight climate and terroir on a Chilean label?

A

Costa
Entre Cordilleras
Andes

34
Q

What are the 4 tiers of the Chilean DO system?

A

Viticultural region
Sub Region
Zone
Area

35
Q

What are the 6 viticultural regions of Chile from North to South?

A

Atacama
Coquimbo
Aconcagua
Valle Central
Sur
Austral

36
Q

By law, if a Chilean bottle indicates place of origin, variety, or vintage on a bottle, what percent of the fruit is required to be that?

A

75%

In practice producers operate at 85

37
Q

What percent of Chilean vineyards are planted to white grapes?

What are the two important ones?

A

25%

Sauv Blanc and Chard

38
Q

What percent of Chilean vineyard is planted to Cabernet Sauvignon?

What are the next 2 important red grapes?

A

33%

Merlot and Carmenere

39
Q

What are the 2 DO’s in the Atacama Desert?

Where does this fruit go?

A

Huasco River Valley
Copiapo River Valley

distillate for Pisco

40
Q

South of Atacama is what Viticultural Region?

What are the 3 river valleys and sub regions here?

Which one is relevant for quality wine production, from what grape?

A

Coquimbo

Elqui, Limari, Choapa

Limari, Chardonnay

41
Q

What VR is South of Coquimbo?

What are the 3 sub regions here?

A

Aconcagua

Valle del Aconcagua - Kinda like Napa, white in coastal areas, red up valley
Casablanca - Cool, SB, Chard, Pinot
San Antonio - Cool, Sauv Blanc

42
Q

In what sub region will I find Errazuriz and Sena?

A

Valle del Aconcagua

43
Q

Where will I find the Leyda DO in Chile?

A

San Antonio

44
Q

What VR comes South of Aconcagua?

Name the sub regions from North to South

A

Valle Central

Maipo
Colchagua-Cachapoal (Rapel)
Curico
Maule

45
Q

What iconic Chilean wines are from Maipo?

A

Don Melchor - Concha y Toro
Almaviva - P. Rothschild
Vinedo Chadwick - Errazuriz
Casa Real - Santa Rita

46
Q

The Puente Alto area is located in what Chilean Sub Region?

Peumo?

Apalta?

A

Maipo

Rapel, Cachapoal

Rapel, Colchagua

47
Q

What icon wines hail from Colchagua, Apalta?

A

Clos Apalta (Lapostolle)
Montes Alpha M
Santa Rita

48
Q

What grape are the following Peumo icon wines based on? Who produces them?

Carmin de Peumo
Herencia

A

Carmenere

Carmin = Concha y Toro
Herencia = Santa Carolina

49
Q

What grape excels in Cachapoal and why?

A

Carmenere. The area is warmer than Maipo or Colchagua, and the grape can hang longer for ripening.

50
Q

Which region lies South of the two Rapel areas?

What changes here?

A

Curico

Climate gets cooler and rain increases

51
Q

Curico is known for what wines?

A

Unfortunately bulk production. Cab Sauv is the leading grape, followed by Sauv Blanc.

52
Q

What region is South of Curico?

Describe the region.

A

Maule

The coastal and Andes mountains begin to taper, central valley widens.

53
Q

Whats the wine scene like in the Maule?

A

Diverse. Its a moderate climate, so acid levels are up. Cab Franc, Pais, Old vine Carignan, Malbec, Semillon are all grown.

The VIGNO is here, a group of a dozen wineries committed to protecting old vine Carignan.

54
Q

What VR and sub region comes next after the Maule and Valle Central?

A

Sur and the Valle de Itata

55
Q

Whats the climate like in Itata?

A

More maritime and rainy, its greener here and less mountainous.

56
Q

Historically, what is key to Itata?

A

Pais, the most planted here. this was the center of Chile’s wine industry in the 19th century. Lots of gobelet trained bush vines here, dry farming very common.

57
Q

What region is South of Itata?

What grows here?

A

Valle de Bio Bio

Cool climate grapes like pinot, chard, sauv blanc, etc

58
Q

Whats the last region in Chile, South of Bio Bio?

A

Valle del Malleco

59
Q

Where is the world’s most Southerly vineyard?

A

In the Austral area Chile, 1250km South of Santiago

South America (1 decks)

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