South Africa Flashcards
-Dutch cape area occupation -English followed them - Great Trek- to escape English control-set up 2 new dutch states (Orange free state,Transvaal.) - Discovered gold and Diamonds in the Transvaal area, flood of English businesses men and miners -Uncle Paul Kruger (Om Paul), Limits the rights of English emigrants (baboons in my backyard) -Jamerson raid- Promoted by Cecil Rhodes -Boar war 3 phases -Initial British success -Reversal and Gorilla warfare tactics of the boars
Who was Cecil Rhodes?
The English imperialist, financier and mining magnate Cecil John Rhodes founded and controlled the British South Africa Company, which acquired Rhodesia and Zambia as British territories.
Who was Paul Kruger?
Paul Kruger (Stephanus Johannes Paulus Kruger) was born on October 10 1825
What was the great Trek?
The Great Trek was a movement of Dutch-speaking colonists up into the interior of southern Africa in search of the land where they could establish their own homeland, independent of British rule.
What are uitlanders?
These foregners eventually came to outnumber the Afrikaners two to one in the Transvaal
What time period was the boar war fought from?
the war fought from October 11, 1899, to May 31, 1902, between Great Britain and the two Boer (Afrikaner) republics—the South African Republic (Transvaal) and the Orange Free State—resulting in a British victory.
What were the causes of the Boar war?
Rich mining area
What did the Boars do just before the start of the war?
The Boers, realizing the war was unavoidable, took the offensive. On October 9, 1899, they issued an ultimatum to the British government, declaring that a state of war would exist between Britain and the two Boer republics if the British did not remove their troops from along the border. The ultimatum expired without resolution, and the war began on October 11, 1899.
What was the first phase of the war?
INITIAL BOAR SUCCESS
The course of the war can be divided into three periods. During the first phase, the British in Southern Africa were unprepared and militarily weak. Boer armies attacked on two fronts: into the British colony of Natal from the SAR and into the northern Cape Colony from the Orange Free State. The northern districts of the Cape Colony rebelled against the British and joined the Boer forces. In late 1899 and early 1900, the Boers defeated the British in a number of major engagements
What was the second phase of the boar war?
BRITISH RESURGENCE
Kruger’s October 1899 offensive had taken the British by surprise, and it accounts for the early Boer victories. However, the arrival of large numbers of British reinforcements by early 1900 made an eventual Boer defeat inevitable. In this second phase the British, under Lords Kitchener and Roberts, relieved the besieged towns, beat the Boer armies in the field, and rapidly advanced up the lines of rail transportation.
What was the third phase of the boar war?
At the end of 1900 the war entered upon its most destructive phase. For 15 months, Boer commandos, under the brilliant leadership of generals such as Christiaan Rudolf de Wet and Jacobus Hercules de la Rey, held British troops at bay, using hit-and-run guerrilla tactics. They harried the British army bases and communications, and large rural areas of the SAR and the Orange Free State (which the British had annexed as the Crown Colony of the Transvaal and the Orange River Colony, respectively) remained out of British control.
Kitchener responded with barbed wire and blockhouses along the railways, but when these failed he retaliated with a scorched-earth policy. The farms of Boers and Africans alike were destroyed, and the inhabitants of the countryside were rounded up and held in segregated concentration camps, often under horrific conditions; several thousand died during their incarceration.
