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South Africa > South Africa > Flashcards

South Africa Flashcards

1
Q

What is the name of the moderating current coming from Antarctica?

A

Benguela Current

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2
Q

What is the KWV?

A

Cooperative Winemakers Union of South Africa
(Ko-operatieve Wijnbouwers Vereniging van Zuid-Afrika in Afrikaans)
KWV also plays an important role in promoting and developing the South African wine industry, helping to establish quality standards and regulations, and supporting research and development initiatives.
Became private company in 1997

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3
Q

What is the “Old Vine Project?”

A

Non-profit organization that promotes and preserves the country’s vineyards that are 35 years or older.

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4
Q

What is Table Mountain Sandstone?

A

Table Mountain Sandstone is a type of sedimentary rock found in the Western Cape of South Africa. It has a distinct brownish-red color and is composed of quartz, feldspar, and other minerals.

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5
Q

What is “Cape Winemakers Guide Protégé Program?”

A

Skills transfer program.
-Move those from disadvantaged groups into better paid, skilled positions, then to management or ownership roles.

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6
Q

Private producers vs Co-ops

A

Most private producers are in Stellenbosch, Paarl, Cape S. Coast, Robertson, and Swartland
Co-ops located in warmer regions of Breedekloof, Robertson, and Worcester

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7
Q

What is the name of the moderating wind pattern coming from the southeast?

A

Cape Doctor

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8
Q

Where is Table Mountain?

A

On the eatern slopes of Constantiaberg in Constantia, a ward and a suburb of Cape Town

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9
Q

Which two oceans meet in South Africa?

A

Atlantic / Indian Oceans

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10
Q

What is the name of the bay surrounding Cape Town?

A

Table Bay

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11
Q

What is the name of the bay south of Constantia?

A

False Bay

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12
Q

Muscat of Alexandria synonym

A

Hanepoot

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13
Q

Muscat Blanc a Petit Grains synonym

A

Muscadel

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14
Q

Which grape was historically known as Hermitage?

A

Cinsault

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15
Q

What is B-BBEE?

A

Broad-Based Black Economic Empowerment Evaluates how companies create opportunities and advancement for people from previously disadvantaged groups through training, management opportunities, ownership, living conditions, and more.

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16
Q

What is WIETA?

A

Wine & Agricultural Ethical Trade Association The lynchpin in ensuring proper working conditions, compensation, and treatment of workers.

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17
Q

What is VinPro?

A

Nonprofit advisory agency for the South African wine industry,

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18
Q

What are co-ops also referred to as?

A

“Producer Cellars”

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19
Q

What is the overall climate of South Africa classified as?

A

Mediterranean climate

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20
Q

What is MCC?

A

Méthode Cap Classique
Can be made from any variety, and from any region, but it must undergo secondary fermentation in the bottle and rest on the lees for a minimum of twelve months.

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21
Q

Where are most Cap Classique wines produced?

A

Robertson, which boasts limestone soils and is the home of Graham Beck, seems to be a hub of quality MCC activity.

22
Q

Wine of Origin Scheme
WO

A

Est. 1973
System used to regulate the production and labelling of wines

23
Q

WO Requirements

A

-Tasting panel
-Scientific analysis
-85% of state varietal
-85% of stated vintage
-100% from a stated area
-Blends require 20% minimum to be listed.
*Wards must be 100% from the ward.
*Villages must be no more than 6 ha and grapes must be sourced solely from that vineyard.

24
Q

Geographical Units of South Africa

A
  • Northern Cape
  • Western Cape
  • Eastern Cape
  • Free State
  • KawZulu-Natal
  • Limpopo
25
Q
A
26
Q

Macro to Micro wine growing locations of South Africa

A
  1. Geographic Unit
  2. Region
  3. District
  4. Ward
  5. Village
27
Q

Regions of Western Cape
(Most important GU)

A
  • Coastal Region Region
  • Breede River Valley Region
  • Cape South Coast Region
  • Klein Karoo Region
  • Olifants River Region
28
Q

Olifants River Region

A
  • Wards w/o a district: Spruitdrift, Vredendal
  • Citrusdal Mountains District:
    Piekenierskloof (ward) - Old vine Chenin, Semillon, Grenache
  • Citrusdal Valley District (no wards) - Chenin, Colombard, Shiraz, Cabernet
29
Q

Coastal Region
Wards of Cape Town District

A
  • Constantia
  • Durbanville
  • Hout Bay
  • Philadelphia
30
Q

Constantia Ward

A

Most important ward:
* Est. 1685 by Simon van der Stel.
* Groot Constantia, Klein Constantia, and Bergvliet
* Sits on a peninsula between False Bay and the Atlantic Ocean.
* Ocean influence plus Cape Doctor.
* Cool climate: 69° F in the February.
* Heavy rainfall: 61 inches/year.
* Muscat de Frontignan (Muscat a Petit Grains) based dessert wines.
* Sauvignon Blanc is the dominant grape; Cabernet Sauvignon and Shiraz also.

31
Q

Coastal Region
Darling District

A

Groenekloof Ward
Sauvignon Blanc / Cinsault

32
Q

Coastal Region
Franschhoek Valley District

A
  • No wards within
  • Translates to French Quarter.
  • Narrow valley.
  • Granite mountains.
  • Valley floor has clay.
  • Old vine Semillon
  • La Colline is a notable vineyard.
  • Sauvignon Blanc, Chardonnay, Cabernet Sauvignon.
33
Q

Coastal Region
Paarl District

A

Wards: Agter-Paarl, Simonsberg-Paarl, Voor-Paardeberg
* Interior edge of the Coastal Region.
* Half quality, half bulk wine.
* KWV still a major producer here.
* Majority of vineyards are planted on flat areas.
* Flat areas are mostly bulk production.
* The Berg River provides irrigation.
* Mountain areas include Simonsberg, Paardeberg, and Paarl Rock.
* Paarl Rock is literally a rock- granite.
* Chenin Blanc (old vine and new) are common. Cabernet Sauvignon leads in reds followed by Shiraz, Pinotage, Chardonnay, Merlot, and Sauvignon Blanc.

34
Q

Coastal Region
Stellenbosch District

A

Wards: Banghoek, Bottelary, Devon Valley Jonkershoek Valley, Papegaaiberg, Polkadraai Hills Simonsberg-Stellenbosch
* Heart of South Africa’s wine industry.
* Stellenbosch University- winemaker training.
* From False Bay to Paarl.
* Eerste river cuts through the region
* Maritime climate in south (False Bay) to hot farther inland.
* Lots of mountains and valleys creating a wide range of microclimates.
* The Golden Triangle
* Helderberg Mountain
* Decomposed granite and decomposed sandstone.
* Cabernet Sauvignon is the most planted varietal. Sauvignon Blanc, Shiraz, Merlot, Chenin Blanc, Pinotage, and Chardonnay.
* Producers- Warwick Estate, Meerlust, Kanonkop

35
Q

Notable producers
of Stellenbosch

A
  • Sadie Family
  • Kanonkop (Simonsberg-Stellenbosch)
  • Rustenberg
  • Waterkloof
  • Thelema Estate
  • Warwick
  • Capensis (Jackson Family)
  • Delaire Graff
  • Rainbow’s End
  • Beyerskloof
  • DeMorgenzon
  • Ken Forrester
  • Meerlust
  • Neil Ellis
  • Raats
  • Rust en Vrede
  • Vergelegen
36
Q

Coastal Region
Swartland District

A

Wards: Malmesbury, Paardeberg, Paadeberg South, Piket-Bo-Berg, Porseleinberg, Ribeekberg, Riebeeksrivier, St. Helena Bay
* Broad, hot, and dry.
* Majority of production was brandy and bulk wine.
* Charles Back was one of the first to develop quality wine in the region. Set up Spice Route Estate
* Eben Sadie
Worked at Spice Route
Moved on to found Columella- first vintage in 2000.
* SIP- Swartland Independent Producers
* Head-trained bush vines are common; conducive to dry farming.
* Old vines are highly prized.
* Chenin Blanc, Shiraz. Cabernet Sauvignon, Pinotage, Sauvignon Blanc.
* Interest in Mediterranean varietals.
* Paardeberg and Paardeurg South are where most winemaking is concentrated.
Notable Producers:
* Saide Family Wines
* A.A. Badenhorst
* Mullineux
* Spice Route

37
Q

Coastal Region
Tulbaugh District

A
  • No wards
  • Cold winters and high rainfall.
  • Valley region.
  • Long association with bulk wine.
  • Fable Mountain is a notable producer of reds.
  • Chenin Blanc, Cabernet Sauvignon, red Rhone varietals.
38
Q

Coastal Region
Wellington District

A

Wards: Blouvlei, Bovlei, Groenberg, Limietberg, Mid-Berg River.
Hot and dry; dramatic diurnal swings.
Chenin Blanc, Shiraz, Pinotage, Grenache, and Carignan.

39
Q

Breede River Valley Region

A
  • One of the widest rivers in South Africa.
  • Hot and dry climate.
  • Wind is a relieving factor.
  • Separated from the Coastal Region by a chain of mountains which keep coastal influence away.
  • Most viticulture happens on the valley floor, small amount of producers work on the hillsides.
  • Grows more grapes and produces more wine than any other region in S. Africa.
  • Bulk wine / Brandy production.
40
Q

Breede River Valley Region
Breedekloof District

A
  • Wards: Goudini, and Slanghoek
  • Breedekloof is dedicated to white varieties: Chenin Blanc, Colombard, Sauvignon Blanc, Pinotage, Chardonnay
  • Olifantsberg is a producer dedicated to Rhone varieties, work on the mountain slopes.
41
Q

Breede River Valley Region
Robertson District

A

Wards: Agterkliphoogte, Ashton, Boesmansriver, Bonnievale, Eilandia, Goedemoed, Goree, Goudmyn, Hoopsrivier, Klaavoogds, McGregor, Vinkrivier, Zandrivier.
Coolest of the three districts.
25% of S. Africa’s Chardonnay plantings.
Sparkling wine production is big.
Producers:
De Wetshof single vineyards and single soil Chardonnay.
Graham Beck is a notable sparkling wine producer.

42
Q

Breede River Valley Region
Worcester District

A

Wards: Hex River Valley, Nuy, Scherpenheuvel, Stettyn.
Largest of the districts.
White varieties: Chenin Blanc and Colombard dominate. Small amount of Sauvignon Blanc.
Hot and dry.
Brandy and bulk wine.
Jerepigo: historical sweet wine.

43
Q

What is Jerepigo?

A

Jerepigo is a traditional style of wine that has been made in South Africa for many years and is typically enjoyed as a dessert wine due to its sweetness and rich flavors.
Muscat grapes are left to dry in the sun for a period of time, which concentrates their sugar levels and flavors, before being pressed and fermented. The resulting wine is then fortified with brandy or neutral spirits to increase its alcohol content and aged in oak barrels to add complexity and richness.

44
Q

Cape South Coast Region
Cape Agulhas District

A
  • Ward: Elim-Cape’s most southerly vineyards
  • Sauvignon Blanc commonly grown
  • Soil- Koffieklip: “Coffee Stone” Iron rich shale.
45
Q

Cape South Coast Region
Elgin District

A
  • Started as a ward and grew to a district.
  • 200-500m elevation
  • Decomposed sandstone and shale.
  • Cooler region
  • Heavy rain and high humidity.
  • Mildew, frost, fruit dilution.
  • Leading varietals include Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc, Pinot Noir, Riesling, and Merlot.
46
Q

Which bay directly affects Cape South Coast Region?

A

Walker Bay

47
Q

Cape South Coast Region
Overberg District

A

Wards: Elandskloof, Greyton, Klein River, Theewater.
* Meaning “Over the Mountains”
* Cold, wet, and windy.
* Lismore Estate is the Greyton ward. The ward was drawn for the estate. One of the most celebrated brands in South Africa.
* Only plants in clay soil to achieve dry farming.
* Baboons are a threat.

48
Q

Cape South Coast Region
Walker Bay District

A
49
Q

Cape South Coast Region
Walker Bay District

A

Wards: Bot River, Hemel-en-Aarde Ridge, Hemel-en-Aarde Valley, Springfontein Rim, Stanford Foothills, Sunday’s Glen, Upper Hemel-en-Aarde Valley. ( Bot River and the three Hemel-en-Aarda wards are the most established)
* City of Hermanus
* Wards are mostly on the hillsides.
* Cool, maritime climate.
* Young producers: region has no viticultural tradition.
* Pinot Noir and Chardonnay. Chenin Blanc (some old vine), Pinotage, Shiraz, Semillon, and Mourvedre.
* Hamilton Russel is in Hemel-en-Aarde.
* Gabrielskloof and Beaumont are important producers in the Bot River ward.

50
Q

What is Muscat de Frontignan?

A

Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains

South Africa (1 decks)

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