sources of wisdom and authority Flashcards by wiam chetti

What view do Evangelical Protestants hold about the nature and authority of the Bible?

Many evangelical Protestants hold what is called a fundamentalist view of the nature and authority of the Bible

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What do Evangelical Protestants believe?

That the Bible is the infallible word of God; it contains no mistakes of any kind

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What do Evangelical Protestants believe that the apparent contradictions in the Bible are caused by?

Apparent contradictions in content are due to the limitations of the human intellect, i.e. they are not real contradiction

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What is an example of a scripture that supports the Fundamentalist perspective?

“All Scripture is God-breathed and is useful for teaching, rebuking, correcting and training in righteousness”
2 Timothy 3:16

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Young Earth Creationists

Those known as young earth creationists have a literalist approach to the Bible and reject any theories that contradict the literal meaning of Genesis 1

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Old Earth Creationists

Old Earth Creationists believe that the universe, Earth, and all living things were created by God, but they accept scientific evidence that suggests the Earth and universe are billions of years old. They do not adopt a literalist approach

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Old Earth Creationists

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When do Young Earth Creationists believe creation occurred?

Creation occurred about 6,000 years ago (using Bible genealogies)

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When do Old Earth Creationists believe creation occurred?

Acceptance of scientific dating of universe, i.e. circa 13.8 billion years ago

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According to old Earth Creationists. how are Genesis 1 and modern science compatible?

‘let there be light’ refers to the Big Bang and the six ‘days’ match the six stages of the evolution of the cosmos according to scientific thinking

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According to Catholics, who is the Bible inspired by and who was it written by?

The Bible is inspired by God, but was written by human beings

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What do Catholic believe about Genesis 1?

Genesis 1 was never intended as a scientific or factual account of the origins of the universe; the author used the genre of myth to convey truths about the nature of God as creator and the nature of humanity and of the created world

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For Catholics, where does guidance in interpreting the Bible come from?

Guidance in interpreting the Bible comes from Tradition and the Magisterium, as well as the use of the individual’s informed conscience and reason

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What is Tradition?

Tradition refers to teachings, customs and practices of the Church passed down through the centuries and seen as equal in importance to the Bible

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What is the Magisterium?

Magisterium refers to the teaching authority of the Pope and bishops who preserve and interpret the Bible and Tradition

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What does “Dei Verbum” mean?

The phrase “Dei verbum” is Latin for “Word of God”

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“Dei Verbum” quote

“The Bible is not meant to convey precise historical information or scientific findings to us. Moreover, the authors were children of their time. Their forms of expression are influenced by the sometimes inadequate cultural images of the world around the,. Nevertheless, everything that man must know about God and the way of his salvation is found with infallible certainty in Sacred Scripture.”

Which Philosopher has a Neo-orthodox approach to the nature and authority of the Bible?

Karl Barth

Who is Karl Barth?

A Swiss Protestant theologian

What did Karl Barth believe about the Bible?

It is not the word of God but it contains the word of God
It is the way through which humans may experience God, realising their need for forgiveness and divine mercy shown through Jesus
It is not inerrant with respect to science, history and religion, as its writers were products of their time and subject to limitations of intellect

What are some Liberal approaches to the nature and authority of the Bible?

The Bible is not inspired, but it may be inspiring to individuals
Others believe that the Bible is an entirely human document, consisting of what the writers believed about God and his purposes of the world

What is the Sea of Faith Network

The Sea of Faith Network, which includes Christians with very liberal views, claims that faith is a purely human creation, so the Bible has no authority other than that an individual might choose to give it

Outline the Protestant view of the authority of the Bible and the Church

Sola scriptura: the Bible alone has authority
Believers interpret what it says to them in their situation through prayer and in the light of their conscience

Outline the Catholic view of the authority of the Bible and the Church

Bible and Tradition are equal in status
The Magisterium (the teaching authority of the Church) is the guardian and interpreter of both the Bible and Tradition

What is Apostolic Succession?

The Apostolic Succession refers to the idea that the Apostles passed on their authority to the bishops whom they appointed to succeed them. This passing on of authority from bishops to bishops has continued down centuries

Who is the leader of the Catholic Church and what do Catholics believe about their authority?

The Pope is the leader of the Catholic Church and Catholics believe that the Pope's authority can be traced back in a direct line to Peter

What was the Reformation?

Reformation refers to the split in the Church that occurred in the sixteenth century when individuals and groups protested against what they believed to be wrong teaching and corrupt practice in the Catholic Church

What did Martin Luther believe about the authority of the Church and the Bible?

-The Bible gives the standard of measurement for deciding on the truth of Church teachings - Without the Bible, there would be no Church

What did Martin Luther believe that salvation comes through?

Luther believed that salvation comes through faith, not through the institutions of the Church and that all Christians have equal access to God through prayer

What is the belief that salvation comes through faith known as?

'the priesthood of all believers'

What is the view of the Baptist Church?

- The New Testament takes priority over the Old Testament and as the inspired word of God, it provides the standard by which all other teachings should be assessed - They reject the authority of the Church as an institution

Summarise the two different views about the authority of Jesus

The authority of Jesus as the authority of God: . Based on the claim that Jesus was God incarnate The authority of Jesus as only human: . Based on the claim that Jesus was not divine

Summarise the authority of Jesus as the authority of God

- According to the Gospels, Jesus claimed to have divine authority - That authority was seen in: . his teaching . the miracles attributed to him . the titles used by and of Jesus, e.g. Son of God, Messiah, Son of Man

Where is the divine authority of Jesus seen?

- In his teachings - In his healing

Adoptionism

Adoptionism was the belief held by some Christians in the early Church that Jesus was not divine by nature, but was adopted by God at his baptism

Unitarianism

Unitarianism is a small Christian denomination that rejects belief in the divinity of Jesus

Deist

Deist refers to the view that God did not have any further relationship with the world after creating it Rather belief in God is founded in reason and nature

Matthew 5:38-48

"You have heard that it was said, ‘Eye for eye, and tooth for tooth.’ But I tell you, do not resist an evil person. If anyone slaps you on the right cheek, turn to them the other cheek also. And if anyone wants to sue you and take your shirt, hand over your coat as well. If anyone forces you to go one mile, go with them two miles. Give to the one who asks you, and do not turn away from the one who wants to borrow from you."

Matthew 5:38-48 as an ideal

Jesus was stating an ideal, though realising that it was virtually impossible to put into practice. It was a standard to aim for

Matthew 5:38-48 based on the historical age

This teaching made sense for those living under Roman occupation when active resistance was dealt with ruthlessly. However, that was teaching for a specific situation and historical age

When did Jesus use violence?

Jesus used violence when he overturned merchants' tables in the Temple so he did not intend his disciples to be pacifist