Sources of Knowledge

Question 1

Benefits of Tradition

Answer 1

Snowballing of knowledge, applicable in the sense of training

Question 2

Drawback of Tradition

Answer 2

Anecdotal, single source or someone telling a story. Current evidence is questionable.

Question 3

Benefits of Authority

Answer 3

Translatable and the person has trust (credentials)

Question 4

Drawback of Authority

Answer 4

Variable between authority figures

Question 5

Benefits of Trial and Error

Answer 5

Has evidence from the ones that work and don’t work.

Question 6

Drawbacks of Trial and Error

Answer 6

Haphazard, lack of understanding

Question 7

Benefits of Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Answer 7

Systematic and applicable

Question 8

Drawbacks of Deductive and Inductive Reasoning

Answer 8

Assumed Connections

Question 9

Benefits of Scientific Research

Answer 9

Trust, evidence, systematic, ground in theory

Question 10

Drawbacks of Scientific Research

Answer 10

Resource intensive, difficult to translate

Question 11

Deduction

Answer 11

General Observation to Specific Conclusion (process of elimination)

Question 12

Induction

Answer 12

Specific Observation to General Conclusion

Question 13

Necessary

Answer 13

A is required to produce B. A alone might not be enough to produce B

Question 14

Sufficient

Answer 14

A can produce B independently. Things other than A may also produce B.

Question 15

Variable

Answer 15

Something measured or observed (BP, HR, isometric force), has units.

Question 16

Construct

Answer 16

A useful “idea” represented by one or more variable(s). What the variables are trying to represent , ex, BP and HR represent cardiovascular health

Question 17

Hypothesis

Answer 17

A prediction relating construct(s) and variable(s) to each other.

Question 18

Theory

Answer 18

A systematic synopsis of interrelated constructs, variables, and propositions.

Question 19

What is a model?

Answer 19

A simplified representation of a complicated phenomenon. Examples, action potentials and rigid link models.

Question 20

Why is a model not a theory?

Answer 20

A model can combine multiple theories, can study parts of a theory and can have specific “instances”(oblique fibers can run different ways, need a model for each direction).

Question 21

What is a law?

Answer 21

A description of natural phenomenon that allows predictions. Examples, Frank-Starling Law and Wolff’s Law.

Question 22

Why is a Law not a theory?

Answer 22

A law has no explanation of why, it’s just how it is, it’s applicable to lots of other things. A law can’t use deduction to “grow”.