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Investigation > Sources Of Information #2 > Flashcards

Sources Of Information #2 Flashcards

1
Q

A fraud examiner can request a business’s bank records even if the business is not legally obligated to comply.

A. True
B. False

A

True

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2
Q

Which of the following is a type of information that can often be obtained from external sources without a subject’s consent or a legal order?

A. Information about the subject’s work history
B. Assets registered in the subject’s name
C. Information about the subject’s lifestyle
D. All of the above

A

D. All of the above

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3
Q

Which of the following is a common use of public records in fraud examinations?

A. Obtaining a person’s credit records
B. Accessing an individual’s income tax filings
C. Tracing and recovering assets
D. All of the above

A

C. Tracing and recovering assets

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4
Q

Lance wants to search the internet for sites with information on mortgage fraud. Which of the following search strings will yield the BEST result using a basic search engine?

A. *Mortgage fraud
B. Mortgage OR fraud
C. “Mortgage fraud”
D. Mortgage -fraud

A

C. “Mortgage fraud”

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5
Q

Which of the following types of content can be obtained from the internet archives?

A. Content posted on a website that has been removed
B. Content on a website that is protected by passwords
C. Content on websites without any links pointing to them
D. Content on websites not indexed by standard search engines

A

A. Content posted on a website that has been removed

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6
Q

To protect privacy interests, courts generally find that audit clauses within business partner contracts are void, and most jurisdictions have laws that prohibit businesses from making threats to terminate a business relationship over a contracting party’s refusal to turn over nonpublic information.

A. True
B. False

A

False

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7
Q

Which of the following principles should a fraud examiner adhere to when using online records to locate people?

A. A fraud examiner should know the most powerful and useful types of searches
B. A fraud examiner should consider the cost and usefulness of information when ordering online searches
C. A fraud examiner should first try to obtain a person’s past address when searching for that person online
D. All of the above

A

D. All of the above

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8
Q

Acme Services, a new business, has just been registered as a corporation in a particular country. Acme’s management wants to expand business outside of the country. Which of the following is MOST ACCURATE?

A. Acme can only be incorporated in one jurisdiction.
B. Acme should register as a business entity in any foreign jurisdiction in which it wishes to conduct business.
C. Being incorporated in one country allows Acme to conduct business in most countries.
D. Acme may now conduct business anywhere in the world.

A

B. Acme should register as a business entity in any foreign jurisdiction in which it wishes to conduct business.

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9
Q

A fraud examiner is based in Canada, a non-European Union (EU) country, and is collecting personal information from their company’s human resources (HR) files about an employee based in Brazil, a non-EU country. Based on these facts, the fraud examiner would need to comply with the EU’s General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) when conducting their internal investigation.

A. True
B. False

A

False

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10
Q

A fraud examiner is conducting an investigation involving ABC Company, a multinational, publicly traded company, and wants to obtain regulatory securities records regarding the company. Which of the following BEST describes where the fraud examiner should check to find these records?

A. Only domestic securities exchanges and exchanges in jurisdictions where the corporation has a substantial business presence
B. Only the securities exchanges in the jurisdiction where the company does most of its business
C. Both domestic and foreign securities exchanges, including those in jurisdictions where the company has minimal business presence
D. Only domestic securities exchanges located in the jurisdiction where the company is incorporated

A

C. Both domestic and foreign securities exchanges, including those in jurisdictions where the company has minimal business presence

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11
Q

A company’s organizational filing with the government generally includes information about the company’s ownership, directors and officers, initial shareholders, and the location of its principal office.

A. True
B. False

A

True

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12
Q

Freddie calls Alex’s bank and claims to be Alex with the intention of stealing Alex’s identity. Freddie tells the bank representative that he needs to make sure the bank has the correct government identification number on his account because he noticed an error on his statement. The bank representative refuses to give the number, so Freddie hangs up. Assuming that each of the following is illegal in the relevant jurisdiction, which of the following crimes did Freddie commit?

A. Pretexting with a financial institution
B. Defalcation
C. Embezzlement
D. Fraud in the inducement

A

A. Pretexting with a financial institution

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13
Q

The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) only applies to organizations that collect or process personal information if those organizations are based in the European Union (EU).

A. True
B. False

A

False

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14
Q

In jurisdictions that regulate the processing and dissemination of personal credit information and personal data, such information regarding an individual cannot be obtained under any circumstances without the person’s consent.

A. True
B. False

A

False

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15
Q

In most jurisdictions, a fraud examiner can easily and legally obtain an individual’s personal credit information from any third-party information vendor if the fraud examiner suspects the individual of fraud.

A. True
B. False

A

False

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16
Q

Which of the following statements concerning public records is MOST ACCURATE?

A. Public records are useful for searching banking records.
B. Public records are those maintained by public companies.
C. Public records are valuable for obtaining background information on individuals.
D. Public records are the primary source of individual health information.

A

C. Public records are valuable for obtaining background information on individuals.

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17
Q

Gamma, a Certified Fraud Examiner (CFE), is attempting to locate the exact birthplace of Theta, a fraud suspect. Where is Gamma MOST LIKELY to find such a record if it exists?

A. The jurisdiction’s health records agency
B. The local commercial filing agency
C. The jurisdiction’s tax assessor
D. The local property records agency

A

A. The jurisdiction’s health records agency

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18
Q

By examining the probate records of a deceased individual, a fraud examiner can discover:

A. An indication of the value of the property willed to the deceased’s heirs
B. The names of individuals with an interest in the deceased’s estate
C. The manner in which the deceased’s assets will be dispersed
D. All of the above

A

D. All of the above

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19
Q

Audrey wants to obtain bank account statements from her client’s employee, who she has reason to believe is accepting bribes in exchange for contract awards. Audrey asks the employee to turn over the account statements, but the employee refuses her request. Which of the following methods of obtaining the account statements would be IMPROPER?

A. Filing a civil action and obtaining a subpoena or legal order for the records
B. Requesting the records from the bank and threatening to sue the bank president for impeding justice if the bank does not turn over the records
C. Filing an administrative action and obtaining a subpoena or legal order for the records
D. Referring the case for criminal prosecution and working with law enforcement to obtain a search warrant

A

B. Requesting the records from the bank and threatening to sue the bank president for impeding justice if the bank does not turn over the records

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20
Q

Which of the following types of information are NOT typically open to the public for inspection?

A. Real property records
B. Divorce and probate court records
C. Death records
D. Personal telephone records

A

D. Personal telephone records

21
Q

Which of the following is the MOST ACCURATE statement regarding what fraud examiners should do when collecting information from social media sites?

A. The information from social media sites should be preserved so that it can be established as authentic if used in court.
B. Conducting a forensic shutdown of the computer while a social media site is open will preserve the website’s metadata for authentication purposes.
C. Fraud examiners can use the contents of each social media site to authenticate the websites themselves.
D. Saving a social media web page as a bookmark in a web browser is sufficient to preserve the information on the site for authentication purposes.
Submit

A

A. The information from social media sites should be preserved so that it can be established as authentic if used in court.

22
Q

In general, which of the following types of information is commonly available through a municipal or regional building inspector’s office?

A. Building inspectors’ reports
B. Building permits
C. Blueprints and plans submitted with applications
D. All of the above

A

D. All of the above

23
Q

In jurisdictions that protect the processing and dissemination of credit information and personal data, businesses are generally NOT subject to the same protections that individuals have.

A. True
B. False

A

True

24
Q

Which of the following is required to access websites on the dark web that end with a .onion address?

A. The Silk Road
B. The Invisible Internet Project (I2P)
C. The internet archives
D. The onion router (Tor)

A

D. The onion router (Tor)

25
Q

Which of the following types of information on corporations whose stocks and securities are sold to the public might be available from regulatory securities records?

A. Identities of accountants and attorneys
B. Financial statements
C. Identities of officers and directors
D. All of the above

A

D. All of the above

26
Q

Which of the following statements concerning court records is MOST ACCURATE?

A. In most countries, reliable court records are best obtained from the court in which the case was heard or tried.
B. When searching for records for a particular court case, a fraud examiner needs only to search the central/federal court records, as they serve as a repository for all cases heard at all court levels.
C. In most countries, court records are not public records and require judicial authorization to access.
D. There are multiple databases that contain a comprehensive database of court documents from all court cases in every country.

A

A. In most countries, reliable court records are best obtained from the court in which the case was heard or tried. CORRECT

27
Q

Even when a victim refers a fraud case for criminal prosecution, the government will usually NOT disclose the contents of nonpublic records with the victim during the investigation.

A. True
B. False

A

True

28
Q

Mario wants to locate Juliette, a fraud suspect. Mario calls Juliette’s parents posing as an old friend and asks for Juliette’s address, which they give him. This act would be considered illegal pretexting in all jurisdictions.

A. True
B. False

A

False

29
Q

Carlos is conducting a background investigation of a corporation and its management. Which of the following can Carlos obtain without a legal order or subpoena?

A. The tax records of the company’s owner
B. The company’s business filings
C. The company’s banking records
D. The history of medical expenses of the company’s employees

A

B. The company’s business filings

30
Q

When gathering information for a fraud investigation, virtually all helpful documentary evidence will come from internal sources.

A. True
B. False

A

False

31
Q

In most countries, the entire history of court records is accessible through a single location or website.

A. True
B. False

A

False

32
Q

Where permitted by law, searches of all the following sources of information can be useful in developing background information for pre-employment purposes EXCEPT:

A. Bankruptcy records searches
B. Civil court records searches
C. Income tax records
D. Criminal court records searches

A

C. Income tax records

33
Q

Which of the following is a type of information that can be obtained from the deep web?

A. Websites without any links pointing to them
B. An archived version of a web page that is no longer online
C. An old version of a web page that has since been updated
D. Web content indexed by standard search engines

A

A. Websites without any links pointing to them

34
Q

Which of the following is a good practice when searching the internet for information?

A. Use more than one search engine
B. Use specific nouns instead of pronouns
C. Use filters to focus searches
D. All of the above

A

D. All of the above

35
Q

Which of the following types of records are commonly available from local governments?

A. Health and fire department records
B. Utility records
C. Voter registration records
D. All of the above

A

D. All of the above

36
Q

In many jurisdictions, all the following information can usually be obtained from real property records EXCEPT:

A. A property’s historical sales price
B. The identity of the party who financed the property if applicable
C. A property owner’s credit report
D. The addresses of a property’s buyer and seller

A

C. A property owner’s credit report

37
Q

If a fraud examiner thinks that information from a social media website will be used in court as evidence, the fraud examiner must take steps to capture the information as soon as it is discovered so that it can be established as authentic.

A. True
B. False

A

True

38
Q

Which of the following is a limitation of conducting a search for public records using online databases?

A. Information from online databases must be validated for accuracy and timeliness
B. Online public records are usually brief abstracts of the original public record
C. Online availability of public records varies widely across jurisdictions
D. All of the above

A

D. All of the above

39
Q

Madelyn, a Certified Fraud Examiner (CFE), is investigating Chloe, who is active on an online social media site in which she voluntarily shares information about herself. Madelyn wants to search for and extract information from Chloe’s social media profile. Which of the following is the MOST ACCURATE statement about the privacy of information Chloe shared through her social media profile?

A. To search for information that Chloe posted and made available to the public through her social media profile, Madelyn must provide Chloe notice beforehand.
B. Madelyn could be liable for violating Chloe’s privacy rights if she hacks or breaks into areas of the social media site Chloe has designated as private.
C. The Privacy of Social Networks Treaty is an international law that makes it illegal for Madelyn to seek the log-in credentials from Chloe’s social media account.
D. To access any information posted on Chloe’s social media profile, Madelyn must obtain some type of legal order from the jurisdiction in which Chloe resides.

A

B. Madelyn could be liable for violating Chloe’s privacy rights if she hacks or breaks into areas of the social media site Chloe has designated as private.

40
Q

Under which of the following circumstances would a fraud examiner need to comply with the European Union’s (EU) General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)?

A. The fraud examiner is based in Spain (an EU country) and is collecting personal information about an individual who lives in the United States (a non-EU country)
B. The fraud examiner is based in the United States (a non-EU country) and is collecting personal information about an individual who lives in Denmark (an EU country)
C. The fraud examiner is based in France (an EU country) and is collecting personal information about an individual who lives in Luxembourg (an EU country)
D. All of the above

A

D. All of the above

41
Q

Green believes that Blue, a fraud suspect, has purchased hidden personal property through suspicious financing. Which of the following sources, if available, would MOST LIKELY contain information that Green could use to locate Blue’s possible hidden assets?

A. Commercial filings
B. Surveyor office records
C. Registrar of voters
D. Health department records

A

A. Commercial filings

42
Q

In many jurisdictions, when an individual purchases real estate, they usually become a registrant in which of the following records?

A. Real property records
B. Property tax records
C. Tax assessor records
D. All of the above

A

D. All of the above

43
Q

Giada, a fraud examiner, is investigating a suspected embezzlement by one of XYZ Corporation’s employees. As part of the investigation, she is assembling a financial profile of the suspect. Among other things, Giada wants to see if the suspect has made any significant real estate purchases since the embezzlement scheme began. Information on real estate transactions, such as deeds, grants, transfers, and mortgages, is usually located:

A. With the local court clerk or judicial records agency
B. With the jurisdiction’s land registry office
C. With the jurisdiction’s organizational filing agency
D. With the jurisdiction’s commercial filing registrar

A

B. With the jurisdiction’s land registry office

44
Q

When searching regulatory securities records for information on a publicly traded company, which of the following information is LEAST LIKELY to be found?

A. Major events that are of interest to investors
B. The complete books and records of the company
C. Identity of the company’s officers and directors
D. Identity of major owners of the company

A

B. The complete books and records of the company

45
Q

Websites that are only accessible through specialized browsers intended to anonymize the origins of user traffic are collectively known as which of the following?

A. The Silk Road
B. The invisible archives
C. The internet archives
D. The dark web

A

D. The dark web

46
Q

Bianca, a fraud examiner for the Levine Corporation, suspects that an employee of another company has committed a fraud scheme against Levine Corporation. The relevant jurisdiction regulates the distribution of credit information and personal data. Although Bianca has not obtained the suspect’s consent, she will likely be allowed to access their credit report from a third party.

A. True
B. False

A

False

47
Q

In most jurisdictions, which of the following statements about bankruptcy court records is CORRECT?

A. A bankruptcy file typically contains the bankruptcy petition or filing document
B. Only the party filing for bankruptcy and the creditors may access bankruptcy records
C. Bankruptcy documents are usually located in the jurisdiction where the most debt was incurred
D. All of the above

A

A. A bankruptcy file typically contains the bankruptcy petition or filing document

48
Q

A fraud examiner in an organized crime investigation believes a particular commercial restaurant is being used as a place of operation by the suspects. Which of the following types of records would be the LEAST LIKELY to help the fraud examiner discover who owns or occupies the building in which the restaurant operates?

A. Health department records
B. Fire department records
C. Voter registration records
D. Building permit records

A

C. Voter registration records

49
Q

If a fraud examiner was gathering information about a fraud suspect, which of the following types of information would likely require access to nonpublic sources of information to be obtained?

A. Where the subject currently resides
B. The subject’s habits and lifestyle
C. The subject’s phone records
D. All of the above

A

C. The subject’s phone records

Investigation (10 decks)

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