Source Analysis Week 8

Question 1

Explain how religious orders are stirred by the Holy Spirit to renew the Church.

Answer 1

There were many people who were disturbed by the pressures experienced by those who wanted to follow Christ and live his Gospel. They wanted to help people overcome the difficulties of living Christian lives in societies that did not reflect the teachings of Jesus. E.g. The Franciscans, The Poor Clares…

Question 2

What does the word ‘charism’ mean?

Answer 2

Charism is a spiritual gift or talent granted by God to the recipient not primarily for his own sake but for the benefit of others “in order to perfect the saints for a work of ministry, for building up the body of Christ,” Ephesians 4:12.

Question 3

How does the gift of charism work within religious people to help renew the Church?

Answer 3

The charism of the founder is the gift and call given enabling the founder to institute religious orders or lay movements. By having the gift of charism, it makes the person fit and ready to undertake tasks of renewing the Church.

Question 4

Describe what happened in the ‘Schism of the West’.

Answer 4

The Great Schism came about due to a complex mix of religious disagreements and political conflicts. By 1418 anti-Pope John XXII had been removed, Pope Gregory had resigned, and anti-Pope Benedict had fled. A new Pope was elected, Pope Martin V. The Great Schism was over. One of the key figures who helped to bring this about was St Catherine of Siena.

Question 5

How did the ‘Schism of the West’ cause a decline in the influence of the papacy?

Answer 5

The Great Schism caused a serious decline in the standing and influence of the papacy. Corruption again grew in the Church. Church titles were sold to raise money, and the clergy often lived immoral and greedy lives. The efforts of Pope Martin and later Popes to bring about reform were undermined by many bishops, as well as kings and other rulers. Popular dissatisfaction was widespread and anti-clericalism flourished.

Question 6

What was the Protestant Reformation?

Answer 6

The ‘Reformation’ is the term that refers to the division of European Christianity into Catholic and Protestant, and the changes that resulted from this division. There were several causes.

Question 7

Who was involved in the Protestant Reformation?

Answer 7

Martin Luther, King Henry VIII and John Calvin

Question 8

What were the main outcomes of the Protestant Reformation?

Answer 8

Ultimately the Protestant Reformation led to modern democracy, scepticism, capitalism, individualism, civil rights, and many of the modern values we cherish today. The Protestant Reformation increased literacy throughout Europe and ignited a renewed passion for education. Upheaval and Renewal of the church.

Question 9

How is the Protestant Reformation an example of the Church experiencing upheaval?

Answer 9

The Reformation became the basis for the founding of Protestantism, one of the three major branches of Christianity. The Reformation led to the reformulation of certain basic tenets of Christian belief and resulted in the division of Western Christendom between Roman Catholicism and the new Protestant traditions.

Question 10

In detail, describe the response of the Church to the Protestant Reformation.

Answer 10

The protestant revolution was happening and Pope Paul recognized there needed to be a reform of the church. Announced to meet in Trent November 1542 but postponed due to war. Eventually met in December 1545. Two main goals were to address abuses in the church and to clarify catholic teaching to meet the protestant challenges. (council of trent)

Question 11

How many Ecumenical Councils have there been?

Answer 11

7

Question 12

When was the last Ecumenical Council and what was this council called?

Answer 12

The second Vatican council 1962-1965

Question 13

Explain how the Second Vatican Council helped renew the Church.

Answer 13

Showing how the church’s teachings are relevant to the modern world. Called for reform of how the Church engaged with the whole of the modern world.

• the Mass and the sacraments being celebrated in the language of the people
• an emphasis on the dignity of the human person.
• recognition that the Church is made up of all who have received Baptism, and not simply bishops, priests and religious

Question 14

What does it mean by ‘lay movements and organisations’?

Answer 14

Religious congregations to serve those in need. These included the educational and health needs of the poor who were growing in number as a result of social change.

Question 15

Explain how the St Vincent De Paul Society (Vinnies) care for the poor and needy.

Answer 15

The St Vincent de Paul Society’s members and volunteers reach out to the most vulnerable in our community through our Conferences, Special Works and Vinnies shops. Members and volunteers assist people in need and do not discriminate against cultural, religious or political beliefs.

Question 16

Who founded the St Vincent De Paul Society?

Answer 16

Frederick Ozanam.

Question 17

When was Caritas founded in Australia?

Answer 17

1964

Question 18

How does Caritas Australia as a lay organisation help the poor and needy overseas?

Answer 18

Caritas Australia works through the principles and practice of community development, supporting people to help themselves out of poverty, hunger and injustice. Caritas Australia works to bring relief and aid to people whose lives have been devastated by natural disaster or conflict.

Question 19

What does the word ‘ecumenism’ mean?

Answer 19

Derives from a Greek word meaning ‘of the whole world.’ An ecumenical council is a great council of the whole Church. An ecumenical movement aims to bring the separated Christian Churches together.

Question 20

Discuss how the Holy Spirit leads people to follow the Gospel of Jesus.

Answer 20

It is the Holy Spirit who leads believers through their consciences to judge when events, institutions and people are not following the Gospel of Jesus. In this way, the Holy Spirit has moved people throughout its history to renew the Church by:

• working against corruption
  - challenging leaders, including Popes
• standing against immoral social trends, and political powers – even at the cost of lives

Question 21

What were the goals of vatican II

Answer 21

• Renewal and modernization of the Sacraments, especially the Liturgy/Mass
• Modernization of Church institutions and practices
• Openness to the modern world – especially in areas of science and technology
• Updating of Catholic educational institutions, especially universities and seminaries

Question 22

What are some things about Pope John XXIII

Answer 22

Pope John XXIII recognised all the good in the world as the action of the Holy Spirit, and refused to see only the negatives. He was deeply pastoral and people-oriented.

Question 23

What were the threats to the world the church recognised after ww2

Answer 23

cold war and communism, nuclear weapons, growing gap between rich and poor, questioning of traditional authority

Question 24

What were the main themes of the documents that described the inner workings of the church

Answer 24

Renewal: 
showing how the Church’s teachings are relevant to our modern world
Encouraging:
laity to develop their own conscience within the Church’s moral structure 
Ecumenism: 
respecting others’ beliefs 
Encouraging:
people to ground themselves in the Scriptures
Unity: 
working together to be Church 
Diversity:
different ways of being the same Church