Sound Sensory Systems

Question 1

Types of stimuli

Answer 1

Mechanical
Chemical (semiochemicals)
Visual
Thermal

Question 2

Sound

Answer 2

Pressure fluctuation transmitted in wave form via movement of substrate

Question 3

Sound reception

Answer 3

Tympanal
-distant sounds
-ear drum in tibia of foreleg (thin cuticular membrane)
Non-tympanal
-substrate borne signals
-near-field sound reception
>large translational movements of surrounding medium (trichiid sensilla)

Question 4

Sound organs

Answer 4

Johnston's organ
-base of antennae
-detect flight speed and hearing
Subgenual organ
-reception of substrate vibration
-tibia

Question 5

Sound reception nocturnal

Answer 5

Night flight avoid bat ultrasound

Question 6

Sound production

Answer 6

Independently evolved

• by-product of another activity (wing beat or thoracic vibration)
• hitting body parts against a substrate
• specialized sound production (air movement, stridulation (friction), tymbal sound prod. (Membranes=distant sounds))