Sound Change Rules

Question 1

List the base consonants…

Answer 1

ㄱ. ㄷ. ㅂ. ㅅ. ㅈ

Question 2

When you have a consonant that comes before a base consonant…

Answer 2

The second base consonant becomes pronounced like a double consonant.

E.g

학교. 하꾜

핫도그. 핟또그

갚다. 갑따

샀죠. 삳쬬

갑부. 갑뿌

Question 3

When you have a base consonant before or after ㅎ

Answer 3

The base consonant becomes pronounced like a strong consonant.

옳게. 올케

않다. 안타

좋다. 조타

쌓자. 싸차

Question 4

What happens when ㅅ comes after ㅎ

Answer 4

Does not have a strong so pronounced like… ㅆ

않소. 안쏘

놓소. 노쏘

Question 5

What happens when base consonant comes before ㅎ

E.g - 박하

Answer 5

The base consonant is pronounced like a strong consonant… (as if it comes after a ㅎ)

바카

착하다. 차카다

밟히다. 발피다

백호. 배코

Question 6

What does ㅅ make at the end of a syllable…. And therefore when it comes before ㅎ what does it change to?

Answer 6

ㅅ —> acts like a ㄷ and therefore would sound like a ㅌ

못해. 모태

못하다. 모타다

Question 7

ㅌ + 이 =

Answer 7

치

붙이다. 부치다

Question 8

ㄷ + 히 =

Answer 8

치

Question 9

ㄷ + 이

Why?

Answer 9

지

맏이. 마지

When you have ㄷ before 이

Question 10

What happens when you have a base consonant after ㄹ

And when does this rule not apply…

Answer 10

The base consonant will become a double consonant.

할당. 할땅

일자리. 일짜리

… does not apply with base consonant ㅂ

알바. 알바.

And only sometimes with base consonant ㄱ

Question 11

When you have ㅂ or ㅍ before ㄴ or ㅁ, they will be pronounced as…

Answer 11

ㅁ

합니다. 함니다

엎는. 엄는

Question 12

There are no syllables in Korean that end with…

Answer 12

ㅃ

Question 13

When you have a ㅂ before a ㄹ,

the ㅂ will become pronounced like…

and the ㄹ will become…

Answer 13

ㅂ —> ㅁ

ㄹ —> ㄴ

합리. 함니

십리. 심니

합류. 함뉴

Question 14

When you have ㄱ before ㄹ, the ㄱ becomes….

And the ㄹ becomes a…

Answer 14

ㄱ —> ㅇ

ㄹ —> ㄴ

백리. 뱅니

막료. 망뇨

Question 15

When you have a consonant before ㄴ or ㅁ, the consonant will become like a…

Bonus: Where does this rule not apply?

Answer 15

ㄴ or ㅁ respectively.

빛나. 빈나

몇년. 면년

Does not apply to:

ㄱ. ㄲ. ㅋ. ㅂ. ㅍ. ㅁ. ㄴ. ㅇ. ㄹ (these have their own rules).

So it does apply to:

ㄷ ㄸ ㅌ ㅈ ㅉ ㅊ ㅅ ㅆ ㅎ

맛나. 만나

Question 16

When you have a ㄷ or ㅌ before a ㅁ, they will sound like…

Answer 16

ㄴ

맏며느리. 만며느리

Question 17

ㄱ ㅋ ㄲ before ㄴ or ㅁ

Answer 17

Will become a ㅇ

한국말. 한궁말

식노. 싱노

Question 18

ㅅ + ㅣ ㅑ ㅕ ㅖㅒㅛ ㅠ

Answer 18

Sh instead of a s sound.

Does not apply to any other vowels. Although the diphthongs ㅟ and ㅢ will make the sh sound.

Question 19

ㅇ or ㅁ before ㄹ, the ㄹ becomes…

Answer 19

ㄴ

장로. 장노

생략하다. 생냐카다

Question 20

Whenever you have ㄴ before or after ㄹ, the ㄴ becomes pronounced like

Answer 20

ㄹ

만리. 말리

스물넷. 스믈렛

Question 21

ㅅ ㅆ ㅈ ㅊ ㄷ ㅌ ㅎ (when at the end of a syllable block) Sound like…

Answer 21

ㄷ

낮. 낟

핫. 핟

Question 22

ㄱ ㄲ ㅋ at the end are just pronounced as…

Answer 22

ㄱ

Question 23

ㅂ and ㅍ sound like…

Answer 23

ㅂ

Question 24

Which consonants are pronounced normally when at the end…

Answer 24

ㅁ ㄴ ㅇ ㄹ

Question 25

받침 sounds always flow…

Answer 25

Through ㅇ

Question 26

How to pronounce syllable ending in… ㄹㄱ

Answer 26

Just ㄱ

For syllables that have two consonants on the bottom, one being ㄹ, and which are not followed by a letter which might affect pronunciation such as ㅇ, then the ㄹ becomes silent.

Most of the time the consonant that is not ㄹ will be the one pronounced.