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Physics Lab > Sound > Flashcards

Sound Flashcards

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1
Q

Medium

A

A substance that all sound waves travel through and need to have in order to make

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2
Q

Longitudinal wave

A

A fixed point will move parallel with the wave motion

Slinky

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3
Q

What are compressions of a longitudinal wave?

A

An area of high molecular density and pressure

when the slinky is close together

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4
Q

What are refractions in a longitudinal wave?

A

An area of low molecular density and pressure

when the slinky is far apart

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5
Q

Transverse wave

A

A fixed point will move perpendicular with the wave motion

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6
Q

What are the antinodes of a transverse wave?

A

The areas of maximum amplitude.

The hills of the wave

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7
Q

What are the nodes of the transverse wave?

A

Areas of zero amplitude

where the wave hits the median

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8
Q

A soundwave is a ______

A

Pressure variation that is transmitted through matter. There is a vibrating source.

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9
Q

The vibrating source _______

A

Creates different amounts of air pressure. This creates a oscillations and pressure.

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10
Q

The motion of the air molecules is parallel to the direction of the motion of the wave is called a ______ wave

A

Longitudinal

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11
Q

Reflection

A

A.k.a. echoes

Echolocation is used by bats and sonar

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12
Q

Refraction

A

Moving into different matter

Sound travels faster in liquid and fastest in solid.

This does not move through a vacuum because there is no medium or matter inside the vacuum.

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13
Q

Diffraction

A

Sound bends outwards after passing through narrow openings.

Many musical instruments used this property of sound waves.

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14
Q

Amplitude

A

The measure of the by the variation in pressure along the wave

(How high or low that the wave goes)

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15
Q

What does the loudness of sound depend on?

A

Amplitude

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16
Q

Pressure variations

A

This is what your ears detect. Your brain interprets these variations because that the ear can detect such a wide range of pressure variations

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17
Q

The amplitudes of sound are measured on the logarithmic scale. This is called _____ and is measured in ______.

A

Sound level

Decibels (db)

18
Q

The most faintly heard sound is at _________.

A

2*10^-5 Pa (pascals)

19
Q

A tuning fork vibrates to produce simple what?

A

Oscillations

20
Q

Uses principles of ______ to create waves of many different ______

A

Superposition

Frequencies

Musical instruments in the human voice uses this.

21
Q

Timbre

A

Tone quality

The complex patterns of wave superposition give each voice and instrument the distinct sound.

22
Q

The “pitch” deals with _______

A

Frequency of the vibrations. Not how loud something is

23
Q

Pitches are given names on the ________

A

Musical scale

24
Q

The C-note has a frequency of?

A

262 Hz

25
Q

What is the general range of the human ear?

A

20 Hz to 16000 Hz

This changes based on the person and with age. This also changes due to the exposure to loud noises.

26
Q

Fundamental frequency

A

The lowest frequency of that resonate in a musical instrument.

27
Q

Harmonics

A

Depending on the instrument, the instrument will then resonate at different multiples of frequencies. The adding of harmonics is what gives instrument their distinctive timbre

28
Q

Octave

A

Two notes with frequencies related by the ratio 1:2 but differ

29
Q

If you have a note with the frequency of 220 Hz, what would be the higher octave and what would be the lower octave?

A

Higher octave: 440 Hz

Lower octave: 110 Hz

30
Q

Consonance

A

Good sound

31
Q

Dissonance

A

Bad sound

32
Q

What is the smallest length of pipe you can have to hear a sound?

A

When the length of the pipe equals 1/2 a wavelength.

33
Q

Since harmonics are _______ of the fundamental, the second harmonic of an open pipe will be ________.

A

Multiples

One wavelength

34
Q

Sounds an open pipes,

A

Are produced at all harmonics.

35
Q

Wave

A

A vibration or disturbance in space

36
Q

Resonance

A

The quality of the sounds being deep and full

37
Q

Natural Frequency

A

The frequency or frequencies at which an object tends to vibrate with when hit, struck, plucked, strummed, or hometown disturbed.

38
Q

First Harmonic

A

Fundamental frequency.

In an open pipe, a half wavelength would correspond to

39
Q

Second Harmonic

A

1st overtone

40
Q

Third Harmonic

A

Second overtone

Physics Lab (3 decks)

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