Sophie Hanscom #2

Question 1

Cosmology

Answer 1

A branch of astronomy that studies the development and origin of the universe.

Question 2

Universe

Answer 2

Everything that is included in space and time; stars, galaxies, planets, and all other types of energy and matter.

Question 3

Big Bang Theory

Answer 3

A theory stating that the universe started as a small, singular particle that then exploded and inflated to become it’s current state.

Question 4

Emission Spectrum

Answer 4

A spectrum of a source’s electromagnetic radiation.

Question 5

Spectrometer

Answer 5

A system that records and measures spectra, usually for analysis.

Question 6

Wavelength

Answer 6

The distance between crests of a wave, like points in a sound or electromagnetic wave.

Question 7

Frequency

Answer 7

The number of times a repeating event occurs within an individual unit of time.

Question 8

Matter

Answer 8

Any physical substance that takes up space and has a rest mass– NOT mind/spirit/energy.

Question 9

Gravity

Answer 9

The force that a planet or other body uses to draw objects towards the center, which keeps the planets orbiting the Sun.

Question 10

Expansion

Answer 10

The process of growing larger or more expansive.

Question 11

Contraction

Answer 11

The act of becoming smaller.

Question 12

Galaxy

Answer 12

Millions or billions of stars, gas, and dust that are held together by gravity.

Question 13

Interstellar Cloud

Answer 13

A buildup of gas, plasma, and dust throughout our galaxy and other galaxies.

Question 14

Red Shift

Answer 14

Electromagnetic radiation coming from an object experiences an increase in wavelength.

Question 15

Blue Shift

Answer 15

A decrease in wavelength in the electromagnetic radiation from an object– the opposite of a red shift.

Question 16

Doppler Effect

Answer 16

An increase or decrease in sound, light, and other wave type’s frequencies as the observer and source move further apart or closer together.

Question 17

Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation

Answer 17

Every particle attracts every other particle in the universe with a force that’s proportional to the product of their masses and the square of the space between the two centers.

Question 18

Plasma

Answer 18

Hot ionized gas that has around equal numbers of positively charged ions and negatively charged electrons considered a fourth state of matter.

Question 19

Solar System

Answer 19

Eight planets and their moons that orbit around the sun alongside asteroids, meteors, comets, etc.

Question 20

Absorption Spectrum

Answer 20

A spectrum of electromagnetic radiation that is transferred through a substance and that shows lines or bands from specific wavelengths being absorbed.