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Obgyn > Sonography Obgyn > Flashcards

Sonography Obgyn Flashcards

1
Q

Oligohydramnios

A

Low amniotic level fluids

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2
Q

FGR can cause poor health for the fetus into adulthood. They include all except

A

Anorexia

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3
Q

Congenital malformation, drugs and chromosomal abnormalities are squally responsible for

A

Symmetric FGR/IUGR

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4
Q

BPP should only be performed when

A

Delivery of the fetus would be considered

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5
Q

Biophysical profile (BPP)

A

Combined observation of four separate fetal biophysical variables (fetal breathing movements, fetal body movement, fetal tone, aminotic fluid index) obtained via ultrasound. This can be done with or without a NST

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6
Q

Hypoxemia

A

Low oxygen blood level

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7
Q

A common cause of FGR is

A

Placental abnormalities

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8
Q

Idiopathic

A

Without known cause

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9
Q

Preeclampsia

A

Is a condition where elevated protein is discovered in the maternal urine

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10
Q

The predictive error of ultrasound ____ as the gestation increases

A

Increases

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11
Q

Fetal growth restriction (FGR) or intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR)

A

Estimated fetal weight or abdominal circumference less than the 10th percentile for gestational age.

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12
Q

Small for gestational age (SGA)

A

Diagnosis used to describe an infant that is smaller than expected for the gestational age

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13
Q

A cause of intrauterine growth restriction is

A

Maternal hypertension

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14
Q

A typical growth patterns where the fetal AC lags the BPD, HC, and FL is known as

A

Asymmetric

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15
Q

Low birth weight (LBW)

A

Birth weight below 2,500 g or 5lbs 8oz

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16
Q

nuchal translucency (NT)

A

Subcutaneous fluid in the posterior region of the neck embryos and fetuses up to 14 weeks gestational age. Abnormally large nuchal translucencies have been associated a higher risk of chromosomal and structural abnormalities

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17
Q

Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)

A

Hormones produced by trophoblast cells of the blastocyst which extends the life of the corpus luteum in the ovary. Most pregnancy tests are based on detection of hCG

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18
Q

The most accurate measurement for dating in early pregnancy is

A

CRL crown-rump length

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19
Q

Crown-rump length (CRL)

A

Measurement of longest axis of an embryo, determines gestational age

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20
Q

Naegale’s rule

A

Calculation to find a patients EDD
Take LMP
Add 1 year
Subtract 3 months
Add 7 days

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21
Q

Parity

A

Summary of a woman’s pregnancy outcomes. The most common description of parity is expressed in four numbers. The first is the number of term deliveries ; the second number is the number of preterm deliveries (usually after 24 weeks gestational age); the third is the number of other pregnancies and includes both spontaneous and therapeutic abortions; the fourth number is the woman’s living children

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22
Q

Gestational age (GA)

A

Duration of pregnancy counted from the first day of the last menstrual period expressed in weeks and days or fractions of weeks. A pregnancy typically lasts about 280 days or 40 weeks, counted from the first day of the last menstrual period and is commonly divided into three trimesters

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23
Q

First age

A

1st trimester- 0 days (first day ot last menstrual period) to end of the 13th week

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24
Q

Mean sac diameter (MSD)

A

Average mean diameter of the gestational sac used to determine gestational age

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25
Q

Conceptual age

A

Duration of pregnancy counted from fertilization (conception) expressed in hours or days. Also called embryonic age or post-ovulatory age

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26
Q

LMP

A

First day of last menstrual period

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27
Q

Gestational sac

A

First sonographic evidence of an intrauterine pregnancy, the fluid-filled blastocyst

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28
Q

Gravidity

A

A number of times a woman has been pregnant

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29
Q

Gravidity

A

A number of times a woman has been pregnant

30
Q

Ultrasound in the first trimester is mostly performed to demonstrate

A

EDD,GA, and likelihood of continuing to term

31
Q

Estimated date of delivery (EDD)

A

Due date, calculated by adding 280 days to the first day of the last menstrual period. Also called estimated date of confinement (EDC)

32
Q

Signs of a tubal rupture may include all but:

A

UTI

33
Q

When are ectopic pregnancies usually diagnosed ?

A

6-10 weeks

34
Q

Interstitial pregnancy

A

Gestation located in the intramyometrial segment of the fallopian tube

35
Q

Ectopic pregnancy can be caused by

A

Oviduct surgical history

36
Q

___ cornual pregnancy

A

Gestation located within a rudimentary uterine horn or one horn of a bicornuate or septated uterus or a gestation located within a rudimentay horm of a uterus with a müllerian anomaly

37
Q

____ cornual pregnancy

A

Gestation located within a rudimentary uterine horn or one horn of a bicornuate or septated uterus or a gestation located within a rudimentay horm of a uterus with a müllerian anomaly

38
Q

____ cornual pregnancy

A

Gestation located within a rudimentary uterine horn or one horn of a bicornuate or septated uterus or a gestation located within a rudimentay horm of a uterus with a müllerian anomaly

39
Q

____ ectopic pregnancy

A

Implantation of a fertilized ovum in any area outside of the endometrial cavity

40
Q

____ intrauterine contraceptive device (IUD)

A

Form of birth control; small, plastic or copper, usually T-shaped device with a string attached to the end that is inserted into the uterus

41
Q

____ Morison pouch

A

Hepatorenal recess; deep recess of the peritoneal cavity on the right side extending upward between the liver and the kidney; gravity dependent portion of the peritoneal cavity when in the supine position

42
Q

____ Morison pouch

A

Hepatorenal recess; deep recess of the peritoneal cavity on the right side extending upward between the liver and the kidney; gravity dependent portion of the peritoneal cavity when in the supine position

43
Q

A ruptured tubal pregnancy presents as a:

A

complex mass-like area representing hemorrhage and free fluid

44
Q

Interstitial pregnancy occurs in the:

A

intramyometrial segment of the fallopian tube

45
Q

Interstitial pregnancy occurs in the:

A

intramyometrial segment of the fallopian tube

46
Q

abdominal pregnancy

A

Gestation located within the intraperitoneal cavity, apart from tubal, ovarian or intralegamentous sites

47
Q

Heterotopic pregnancy means pregnancy:

A

simultaneously positioned intrauterine and extrauterine

48
Q

Heterotopic pregnancy means pregnancy:

A

simultaneously positioned intrauterine and extrauterine

49
Q

____ hypovolemic shock

A

Life-threatening condition due to a decrease in blood volume

50
Q

Beta-hCG levels should approximately double every __________ hours:

A

48

51
Q

hypovolemic shock

A

Life-threatening condition due to a decrease in blood volume

52
Q

hypovolemic shock

A

Life-threatening condition due to a decrease in blood volume

53
Q

Which ectopic pregnancy location can support a pregnancy the longest before detection?

A

Abdominal

54
Q

Which ectopic pregnancy location can support a pregnancy the longest before detection?

A

Abdominal

55
Q

heterotopic pregnancy

A

Concomitant intrauterine pregnancy and ectopic pregnancy

56
Q

____ cervical pregnancy

A

Gestation located within the endocervical canal

57
Q

Ectopic pregnancy most often implant in the:

A

Fallopian tube

58
Q

Ectopic pregnancy most often implant in the:

A

Fallopian tube

59
Q

Even though it is implanted within the uterine cavity, a cornual pregnancy is classified as an ectopic pregnancy because of its propensity to rupture in the:

A

Second trimester

60
Q

Even though it is implanted within the uterine cavity, a cornual pregnancy is classified as an ectopic pregnancy because of its propensity to rupture in the:

A

Second trimester

61
Q

___ discriminatory cutoff

A

Level of β-hCG at which a normal intrauterine pregnancy can be seen with sonography

62
Q

___ discriminatory cutoff

A

Level of β-hCG at which a normal intrauterine pregnancy can be seen with sonography

63
Q

____ ovarian pregnancy

A

Gestation located in the ovary

64
Q

If the umbilical/portal junction is not visualized while attempting an AC measurement, use the level of the fetal:

A

Stomach

65
Q

The most accurate fetal measurement in the second and third trimester can be obtained from:

A

Multiple parameters

66
Q

An HC measurement should be obtained:

A

using the outer edge of the calvarium at the level of the BPD

67
Q

If the cerebellum is seen in a BPD measurement, the plane is ____ in the posterior portion of the image.

A

Too low

68
Q

The fetal expected birth date is known as the EDC or:

A

EDD

69
Q

The normal duration of pregnancy is:

A

40 weeks from LMP

70
Q

Preferred technique for measuring the fetal abdomen and head circumference is:

A

Ellipse

71
Q

The most common and routine measurements to assess the fetal growth and well being are:

A

BPD, HC, AC, FL

72
Q

Fetal weight by ultrasound is frequently requested to rule out all except:

A

BPP

Obgyn (1 decks)

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