Sonographer Safety Issues chapter 3 Flashcards
Sites of injury
Back pain, upper back and neck pain,
Causes of upper back and neck pain
Poor and awkward posture
Prevention of upper back and neck pain
Adjusting of the monitors, proper positioning
Prevention of back pain
Maintain correct posture, taking short breaks, making some stretches between patients
What is thoracic outlet syndrome
Is a narrow passage crowded with nerves, blood vessels and muscles
Causes for thoracic outlet syndrome
Congenital, poor posture, trauma, or repetitive action
Neurogenic
Is due to compression of the brachial plexus the main nerve plexus which gives nerve supply to the upper limb
Vascular
Subclavian artery is compressed
Shoulder pain causes
Abnormal upper limb posture for a long time
Bursitis
Is the inflammation of the bursae. Movement of a tendon or muscle on the inflamed bursae aggravate the inflammation
Causes of bursitis
Overuse of a joint, repetitive movement, trauma, again, degeneration. Continuous pressure on the joint
Extremities
The upper extremity is the most affected
Tendonitis
Is inflammation of a muscle tendon
Carpal tunnel syndrome
The most common nerve entrapment syndrome, it entrails the nine tendons and the median nerve
Symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome
Numbness, tingling, burning, and a prickling sensation specially in the thumb, index, middle and ring finger
Epicondylitis
Is caused by strain on the muscle of the forearm and their tendons which are attached to the epicondyles
Lateral Epicondyles are also known as
Tennis elbow
Medial epicondyles is known as
Golfers elbows
Osteoarthritis
Is a degenerative disease and is called “wear and tear” arthritis
Causes for osteoarthritis
The break down of cartilage of the joints break down, leading to pain, stiffness, and swelling
Planter fasciitis
Is a broad flat ligament on the bottom of the foot extending from the front of the heap to the beginning of the toes
Causes for planter fasciitis
Wearing shoes with insufficient support, overweight, standing on the beard floors
Tarsal tunnel syndrome
Is a narrow space that lies on the inside of the ankle next to the ankle bones. Within the tunnel lies the posterior tibial nerve
Causes for tarsal tunnel syndrome
Compression of the nerve
Upper extremities
Shoulder, rotator cuff, biceps, elbow l, wrist, fingers
Lower extremities
Leg,knee,ankle,foot
How to make an ice pack
Freeze in a plastic zipper bag, 2parts water 1 part alcohol
How long should you keep an ice pack for
No longer than 15-20 mins
The 20-20-20 role
For every 20min scanning, look 20feet away for 20 sec
