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Neuro 1 > Somatic Motor System Spinal Control Of Movement > Flashcards

Somatic Motor System Spinal Control Of Movement Flashcards

0
Q

Signal cord

A

Starting point of CNS
Motor neurons
Autonomic efferents pass through spinal cord
Receives afferent info from periphery

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1
Q

Somatic nervous system

A

Voluntary
Skeletal muscle and nervous system control of them
Sensation-pain, pressure, touch, temp, proprioception

Generates behavior

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2
Q

Dermatome

A

Area of skin innervated by single posterior root

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3
Q

Myotome

A

A group of muscles innervated by a single anterior root

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4
Q

Dorsal horn of gray matter of spinal cord

A

Contains sensory nerve fibers-pain, temp
Inter neurons and projection neurons that ASCEND to CNS
Somatic and visceral information

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5
Q

Lateral horn of gray matter of spinal cord

A

Contains cell bodies of autonomic neurons

Seen only in thoracic and lumbar (T1-L3)

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6
Q

Ventral horn of gray matter of spinal cord

A

Contains large cell bodies of skeletal muscle motor neurons

Anterior

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7
Q

Laminae

A

“Layers” of spinal cord

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8
Q

Laminae 1 and 2

A

Marginal layer
Substantia gelatinosa
Process noxious stimuli- pain

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9
Q

Laminae 3 and 4

A

Nucleus proprius

Proprioception and 2-point discrimination

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10
Q

Laminae 5

A

Noxious stimuli from viscera (organs)

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11
Q

Laminae 6

A

Proprioceptive input

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12
Q

Laminae 7

A

Nucleus dorsalis
Receives proprioceptive input
Relays unconscious proprioceptive information to cerebellum

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13
Q

Laminae 8

A

Comissural nucleus

Connect contralateral cord to the brain

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14
Q

Laminae 9

A

Motor nuclei

Contains cell bodies of lower motor neurons

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15
Q

Laminae 10

A

Grisea centralis

Axons that cross the cord to opposite side

16
Q

Spinal cord white matter

A 
Contains columns of axons
Ascending tracts (afferent)- sensory info to brain
Descending tracts (efferent)- motor signals from brain to body
17
Q

Lower motor neurons

A

Directly commands muscle contraction
Originate in ventral horn of spinal cord
Part of PNS
Includes cranial nerves, spinal nerves, cauda equina, and ventral horn

18
Q

Distribution of LMNs in spinal cord

A

Axial muscle LMNs- medial

Distal muscle LMNs- lateral

19
Q

Alpha motor neurons

A

Trigger generation of force

Innervate extrafusal fibers

20
Q

Gamma motor fibers

A

Regulate sensitivity of muscle to stretch

Innervate intrafusal fibers

21
Q

Motor unit

A

Recruited in order from smallest to largest

The alpha motor neuron and all muscle fibers it innervates

22
Q

Motor neuron pool

A

Alpha motor neurons that innervate a single muscle

23
Q

Grading muscle contractions

A

Determine the correct amount of force needed to complete an activity
CNS varies firing rate and recruitment
Alpha motor neuron releases acetylcholine
Causes excitatory postsynaptic potential

24
Q

Fast motor units

A

Rapid fatigue
Escape muscles
Ex. Jumping UE

25
Q

Slow motor units

A

Slow fatigue

Antigravity muscles of LE

26
Q

Reflexes

A

Involuntary, stereotypical response to sensory input

Typically involves one or more inter neurons

27
Q

Myotatic (stretch) reflexes

A

Mono synaptic

Biceps, brachioradialis, triceps, quadriceps, Achilles

28
Q

Abnormal reflexes

A

Diminished reflexes- abnormalities in muscles, sensory neurons, LMNs, neuromuscular junction

Increased relfexes- UMN lesions

29
Q

Reverse myotatic reflexes

A

Regulates muscle tension in normal range

30
Q

Spinal inter neurons

A

Reduces the amount of information

31
Q

Reciprocal inhibition

A

Contraction of agonist with simultaneous relaxation of antagonist
Helps us protect the joint-con/eccentric

32
Q

Withdrawal reflexes

A

Interneurons are excitatory
Slower response than myotatic
Combines with crossed extensor reflex to keep balance
Ex. Hopping off a tack

33
Q

Ascending tracts

UMNs

A

Somatosensory

Neuro 1 (1 decks)

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