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OS1 > Somatic Dysfunction And Barriers > Flashcards

Somatic Dysfunction And Barriers Flashcards

1
Q

4 tenets of Osteopathic Medicine

A
  1. The mind, body, and spirit are a unit
  2. The body is capable of self-regulation, self healing, and self maintenance
  3. Structure and function are reciprocally related
  4. Rational treatment is based upon understanding and implementing the other 3 tenets
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2
Q

AROM

A

Patient motivated; patient must give maximum effort

Patient initiated ROM; examiner visually observes

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3
Q

PROM

A

Patient must fully relax; you must “block linkage” of associated structure; examiner initiated ROM with passive patient

Greater then AROM because the patient muscles are relaxed

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4
Q

“Block the linkage”

A

Stabilization of associated and adjacent structures to focus movement to only the joint/s being assessed

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5
Q

Anatomic barrier

A

Limit of motion imposed by anatomic structure; limit of passive motion beyond which you have tissue disruption

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6
Q

Physiologic barrier

A

Limit of active motion

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7
Q

Elastic barrier

A

Range between physiologic and anatomic barrier of motion in which passive stretching occurs before tissue disruption; area that “warms up” with stretching

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8
Q

Restrictive barrier

A

Functional limit that abnormally diminishes the normal physiologic range

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9
Q

Diagnostic criteria for somatic dysfunction

A

T.A.R.T

Tissue texture abnormalities
Asymmetry of structure or motion
Restriction of motion
Tenderness

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10
Q

Characteristics of acute somatic dysfunction

A

Vasodilation, edema, tenderness, pain, tissue contraction

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11
Q

Characteristics of chronic somatic dysfunction

A

Tenderness, itching, fibrosis, paresthesias, tissue contractions

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12
Q

Acute somatic dysfunction

A

Immediate or short-term impairment or altered function of related components of the somatic system (body framework)

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13
Q

Chronic somatic dysfunction

A

Impairment or altered function of related components of the somatic system

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14
Q

Tissue texture abnormality

A

Palpable changes in tissues from skin to periarticular structures

Types include bogginess, thickening, springiness, rosiness, firmness or hardening, temperature or moisture change

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15
Q

Bogginess

A

Tissue texture abnormality characterized by a palpable sense of sponginess in the tissue resulting from congestion due to increased fluid content

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16
Q

Sign

A

Physical thing that you can reproduce and feel with your hands (objective)

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17
Q

Symptom

A

Thing that the patient experiences (reported in a history) that the physician cannot perceive (subjective)

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18
Q

Tone

A

Normal feel of muscle in the relaxed state

19
Q

Hypertonicity

A

Extreme tone, i.e. spastic paralysis

20
Q

Hypotonicity

A

Lack of tone, i.e. flaccid paralysis

21
Q

Contraction

A

Normal tone of a muscle when it shortens or is activated against resistance

22
Q

Contracture

A

Abnormal shortening of muscle due to fibrosis

Most often in tissue itself and often results from chronic condition

Muscle is no longer able to reach its full normal length

23
Q

Spasm

A

Abnormal contraction maintained beyond physiologic need

Often sudden and involuntary contraction resulting in abnormal motion; generally accompanied by pain and restriction of normal function

24
Q

Ropiness

A

Hard, firm, rope- or cord-like muscle tone

Generally indicative of chronic condition

25
Q

Asymmetry

A

Absence of symmetry of position or motion

Dissimilarity in corresponding parts/organs on opposite sides of the body that should be alike

Determined by vision OR palpating

26
Q

Restriction of motion

A

Resistance or impediment to movement

27
Q

Barrier “end feel” characteristics

A

Palpatory experience or perceived quality of motion when joint is moved to its limit

Three examples: bone to bone (elbow extension), soft tissue approximation (knee flexion), tissue stretch (ankle dorsiflexion, shoulder lateral rotation, finger extension)

Look for amount AND quality of motion

28
Q

Early muscle spasm

A

Protective spasm after injury (“guarding”)

29
Q

Late muscle spasm

A

Chronic spasm potentially due to chronic tissue changes

30
Q

Hard capsular

A

Frozen shoulder; reduced ROM in injured shoulder

31
Q

Soft capsular

A

Synovitis such as swelling in the knee after injury

32
Q

Tenderness

A

Discomfort or pain elicited via palpation

A state of unusual sensitivity to touch or pressure

33
Q

Pain

A

Unpleasant sensation induced by noxious stimuli and generally received by specialized nerve endings

34
Q

Tenderpoints

A

Small, discrete, hypersensitive areas within myofascial structures that result in localized pain

35
Q

Trigger point

A

Small, discrete, hypersensitive areas within myofascial structures that when palpated cause referred pain

36
Q

Goal of OMT

A

Remove somatic dysfunction and restore homeostasis

37
Q

Role of OMT in the biomechanical model

A

Myofascial and joint functional optimization

38
Q

Role of OMT in neurological model

A

Remove neurological imbalances and address nociception

39
Q

Role of OMT in the respiratory/circulatory model

A

Maximize respiratory/circulatory function

40
Q

Role of OMT in the metabolic model

A

Structure and function are reciprocally related

41
Q

Direct OMT techniques

A

Method of action engages the restrictive barrier directly

Ex: MFR, INR, ST, MET, HVLA, Visceral

42
Q

Combination OMT Techniques

A

Ex: MFR, Still, Percussor, PINS

43
Q

Indirect OMT Techniques

A

Method of action involves positioning away from the restrictive barrier

Ex: MFR, INR, BLT/LAS, FPR, Functional, Visceral

OS1 (1 decks)

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