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OMM > Somatic Dysfunction > Flashcards

Somatic Dysfunction Flashcards

1
Q

What is somatic dysfunction?

A

Impaired function of related components of somatic system such as skeletal, myofascial, arthrodial, vascular, lymphatic, etc.

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2
Q

What treats somatic dysfunction?

A

OMT

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3
Q

What is OMT?

A

Therapeutic application of manually guided forces by DO to improve physiological function and support homeostasis altered by somatic dysfunction

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4
Q

What is homeostasis?

A

Level of wellbeing maintained by internal physiological harmony that is result of stable equilibrium among interdependent body functions

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5
Q

What is an acute somatic dysfunction?

A

Immediate/short-term impaired function of somatic system

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6
Q

What is acute somatic dysfunction characterized by?

A

Vasodilation, edema, tenderness, pain, tissue contraction

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7
Q

What is chronic somatic dysfunction?

A

Impaired function of somatic system

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8
Q

What is chronic somatic dysfunction characterized by?

A

Tenderness, itching, fibrosis, paraesthesia, and tissue contraction

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9
Q

What is the diagnostic criteria for somatic dysfunction?

A

Tissue texture abnormalities
Asymmetry
Restriction of motion
Tenderness

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10
Q

What is bogginess?

A

Texture abnormality palpable w/ sponginess in tissue resulting from congestion due to increased fluid content

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11
Q

What are signs of tissue texture abnormalities?

A

Vasodilation, edema, flaccidity, hypertonicity, contracture, fibrosis

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12
Q

What are Sx associated with tissue texture signs?

A

Itching, pain, tenderness, parasthesia

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13
Q

What is tone?

A

Normal feel of muscle in relaxed state

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14
Q

What is hypertonicity?

A

Spastic paralysis

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15
Q

What is hypotonicity?

A

Flaccid paralysis when no tone at all

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16
Q

What is contraction?

A

Normal tone of a muscle when it shortens or against resistance

17
Q

What is contracture?

A

Abnormal shortening of muscle due to fibrosis and chronic condition

Muscle unable to reach full normal length

18
Q

What is spasm?

A

Abnormal contraction beyond physiological need

19
Q

What is ropiness?

A

Cord-like, hard muscle tone indicating chronic condition

20
Q

Tissue texture changes

A

Vascular:
Acute - inflammed vessel wall injury, endogenous peptide released
Chronic - Sympathetic tone increases vascular constriction

Sympathetic:
Acute - Local vasoconstriction overpowered by local chemical release, net effect vasodilation
Chronic - Vascoconstriction, hypersympathetic tone, may be regional

Musculature:
Acute - local increase in tone, muscle contraction, spasm - mediate by increase spindle activity
Chronic - Decreased muscle tone, flaccid, mushy, limited ROM due to contracture

21
Q

What is asymmetry determined by?

A

Vision or palpation

22
Q

What is anatomical barrier?

A

Limited motion imposed by anatomic structure and limit of passive motion

23
Q

What is physiological barrier?

A

Limit of active motion

24
Q

What is elastic barrier?

A

Range between physiological and anatomic barrier of motion when passive stretch occurs before tissue disruption (aka warming up)

25
Q

What is restrictive barrier?

A

Functional limit that abnormally diminish normal physiological range

26
Q

What is an example of restricted ROM/abnormal end feel?

A

Early muscle spasm (protective), late muscle spasm (chronic), hard capsular (frozen shoulder), and soft capsular (synovitis)

27
Q

What are trigger points?

A

Small hypersensitive areas within myofascial structures and causes referred pain away from site

28
Q

What is the goal of OMT?

A

Remove somatic dysfunction and restore homeostasis

29
Q

PROM

A

Patient must be fully relaxed and must block linkage (stabilize structures to focus movement to only the joint being assessed)

30
Q

Tenderpoints

A

Small discrete hypersensitive areas within myofascial structures = localized pain

31
Q

Trigger point

A

Small discrete hypersensitive areas within myofascial structures = referred pain away from site

32
Q

Contraindications

A

Cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, fractures, severe rality

Precautions: cancer, fraility due to severe disease, ligamentous laxity states, youth, and elderly

33
Q

Soft tissue approximation

A

Barrier end-feel w/ ex. of knee flexion

34
Q

Tissue stretch

A

Barrier end-feel

Ex. ankle dorsiflexion, shoulder lateral rotation, finger extension

35
Q

Bone to bone

A

Barrier end-feel

Elbow extension

OMM (3 decks)

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