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S1chemistry x > solvents, solutes & solutes x > Flashcards

solvents, solutes & solutes x Flashcards

1
Q

what do you call a solid that dissolves in a liquid and what happens

A

soluble and a solution is made

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2
Q

what happens to a substance when it dissolves

A

it seems to disappear

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3
Q

what is the substance which is dissolved called

A

solute

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4
Q

what do you call the liquid the substance dissolves into

A

the solvent

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5
Q

what do solutions look like

A

they can be colourless or coloured but they are always clear

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6
Q

what do you call a solid that does not dissolve in a liquid and what can you see

A

insoluble and you can see small particles still floating around in the liquid

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7
Q

what is the most important solvent

A

water

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8
Q

why is water the most important solvent

A

because it dissolves so many solutes

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9
Q

why is water the most important solvent

A

it is safe, cheap and widely available

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10
Q

what is water used most for

A

washing

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11
Q

what can be added to water to become even more powerful

A

detergent

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12
Q

what stains can water and detergent not get out

A

chewing gum, engine oil and nail polish

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13
Q

what solvent can get out engine oil

A

paraffin

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14
Q

what solvent can get out chewing gum

A

trichloroethane

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15
Q

what solvent can get out nail polish

A

acitone

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16
Q

what can solutions be described as

A

dilute or concentrate

17
Q

what is a concentrated solution

A

one that contains a lot of solute in a small volume of solvent

18
Q

what is a dilute solution

A

one that contains a small amount of solute in a large volume of solvent

19
Q

how could you turn a concentrated solution into a dilute solution

A

add more solvent

20
Q

how could you turn a dilute solution into a concentrated solution

A

add more solute

21
Q

what is a saturated solution

A

the point at which the solution contains so much solute that it cannot dissolve any more

22
Q

why is water the most important solvent hat does the saturation point depend on

A

the temperature of the solvent

23
Q

what happens as the solvent gets hotter

A

it can usually dissolve more solute until a new saturation point is reached

24
Q

how do crystals form

A

when hot saturated solution cool down

25
Q

what happens when the saturated solutions cool slowly

A

large crystals form

26
Q

what happens when the saturated solution cools rapidly

A

small crystals are made

27
Q

what do all crystals have

A

smooth faces and sharp edges

28
Q

what are 5 examples of different kinds of crystals

A

copper sulfate, tetragonal prism, cubic prism, hexagonal prism, dipyramid octohedron

29
Q

what is the difference between melting and dissolving

A

melting - heat is used. dissolves - you can dissolve in water

S1chemistry x (2 decks)

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