Solvents and Solutes Flashcards
Regarding solvents, solutes and solutions (true or false):
A solution is a heterogeneous mixture of two or more substances
False. A solution is a homogenous mixture of two or more substances.
Regarding solvents, solutes and solutions (true or false):
Alloys are a type of solution
True. Though most solutions involve liquids, alloys do classify as a kind of solution.
Regarding solvents, solutes and solutions (true or false):
Entonox is a solution
False. Gases mixed together are just mixtures, although gases can dissolve in liquid.
Regarding solvents, solutes and solutions (true or false):
Warmer water dissolves more salt than cooler water
True
Regarding solvents, solutes and solutions (true or false):
Warmer water dissolves more gas than cooler water
False. The bubbles seen in IV fluids that have been warmed show the dissolved gases coming out of solution because of the rise in temperature.
Regarding mixtures, colloids, suspensions and emulsions (true or false):
All colloids are mixtures, but not all mixtures are colloids
True. The term ‘mixture’ covers colloids, as well as emulsions and suspensions.
Regarding mixtures, colloids, suspensions and emulsions (true or false):
Where two immiscible liquids do not remain in their desired emulsified state, the only solution is to input energy and agitate the mix
False. A surfactant emulsifier may in some cases be added to the mix to keep the emulsion stable.
Regarding mixtures, colloids, suspensions and emulsions (true or false):
Propofol for injection is a solution of propofol in water
False. Propofol is an emulsion of lipid-soluble propofol in a watery base.
Regarding mixtures, colloids, suspensions and emulsions (true or false):
Medical colloids are effective because the large molecular weight of the substances in them increases the oncotic pressure in the patient’s blood
True. The increased oncotic pressure can help prevent cerebral and pulmonary oedema.
Regarding mixtures, colloids, suspensions and emulsions (true or false):
An emulsion is a type of colloid
True. An emulsion is a liquid-in-liquid colloid.
Regarding water as a solvent (true or false):
The water molecule is polar in nature
True. The negatively charged oxygen atom and the positively charged hydrogen atoms give it its polarity.
Regarding water as a solvent (true or false):
Water acts as a good solvent for polar and non-polar substances
False. Like dissolves like. Thus, water dissolves polar substances well.
Regarding water as a solvent (true or false):
The vapour pressure of water increases as a solute with a higher mole fraction is dissolved into it
False. The vapour pressure of water falls if a solute with a higher mole fraction is added to it.
Regarding water as a solvent (true or false):
The boiling point of water rises as a solute with a higher mole fraction is added to it
True. Consistent with answer C, the boiling point of water rises as solvents are added.
Regarding water as a solvent (true or false):
The solvent in lignocaine is water
True
Regarding solubility (true or false):
Solubility is increased if pressure is increased
True. Pressure increases solubility, especially when gases are dissolved in liquid.
Regarding solubility (true or false):
When gases dissolve in liquids, solubility increases if the temperature of the solvent increases
False. Where gases dissolve in liquids, solubility falls as temperature rises.
Regarding solubility (true or false):
When liquids dissolve in liquids, solubility increases if the temperature of the solvent increases
True. Where liquids, or solids, dissolve in liquids, solubility increases with temperature.
Regarding solubility (true or false):
Solubility is enhanced by the action of surfactants
False. Surfactants render emulsions stable by coating the particulate matter suspended within them.
Regarding solubility (true or false):
Solubility is affected by intermolecular forces
True. Intermolecular forces cause solutes to disperse evenly throughout a solvent.
