Solutions (Alan's Notes) Flashcards
Define Insoluble.
Incapable of being dissolved.
Define soluble.
Capable of being dissolved or liquefied.
Define solute.
The dissolved matter in a solution.
Define solvent.
A substance that dissolves another to form a solution.
Define solution.
A mixture where the particles of a solute are homogeneously spread amongst the particles of a solvent.
Define Chemical Compound.
A chemical compound consists of two or more elements, chemically combined. Compounds cannot be separated by physical means while mixtures can be separated.
Define electrolyte.
A substance that dissolves and conducts and electric current and produces free ions in solution.
Define strong electrolyte.
- When dissolved in water these solutes are entirely present as independent mobile ions. They are able to carry a strong electric current.
- Even essentially insoluble ionic compounds can be strong electrolytes because when added to water the small amount that does dissolve is completely ionized.
- A dilute solution can be a strong electrolyte.
- A vinegar is very soluble and highly concentrated but it is a weak electrolyte.
Define Weak Electrolyte.
When dissolved in water solutes are partly present as independent mobile ions. These electrolytes carry a weak electric current. The solution may be concentrate but be a weak electrolyte.
Define non electrolytes.
Produce no ions and carry no current. Dissolve in water.
Acid-base-electrolyte rule.
- STRONG acid = STRONG electrolytes
* weak acid or base = weak electrolytes
What is the concentration of a solution?
The amount of solute dissolved in a given amount of solution or solvent.
What is a concentrated solution?
One in which a large amount of solute is dissolved in a certain volume of solvent.
