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General Chemistry > Solutions > Flashcards

Solutions Flashcards

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1
Q

Homogeneous

A

uniform in composition

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2
Q

Solution

A

consists of a solute dispersed in a solvent

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3
Q

Solvent

A

the component of the solution whose phase remains the same after mixing

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4
Q

Solute

A

molecules move about freely in the solvent and can interact with other molecules or ions

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5
Q

Solvation (dissolution)

A

the interaction between solute and solvent molecules

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6
Q

Hydration

A

when water is the solvent

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7
Q

Solubility

A

the maximum amount of that substance that can be dissolved in a particular solvent at a particular temperature

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8
Q

Dilute

A

a solution in which the proportion of solute to solvent is small

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9
Q

Concentrated

A

a solution in which the proportion of solute to solvent is small

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10
Q

Crystallization

A

when a dissolved solute comes out of solution and forms crystals

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11
Q

Supersaturated

A

solutions that contain more solute than found in a saturated solution

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12
Q

Electrolytes

A

solutes that make conductive solutions

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13
Q

Strong electrolytes

A

include ionic compounds, such as NaCl and KI, and molecular compounds with highly polar covalent bonds that dissociate into ions when dissolved

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14
Q

Weak electrolyte

A

ionizes or hydrolyzes incompletely in aqueous solution, and only some of the solute is present in ionic form

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15
Q

Concentration

A

denotes the amount of solute dissolved in a solvent

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16
Q

Percent composition of mass

A

the mass of the solute divided by the mass of the solution (solute plus solvent) and multiplied by 100%

17
Q

Mole fraction

A

equal to the number of moles of the compound divided by the total number of moles of all species within the system

18
Q

Molarity

A

the number of moles of solute per liter of solution

19
Q

Molality

A

the number of moles of solute per kilogram of solvent

20
Q

Normality

A

equal to the number of gram equivalent weights of solute per liter of solution

21
Q

Dilution equation

A

MiVi=MfVf ; M=molarity , V is volume

General Chemistry (7 decks)

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