SOLUTIONS Flashcards
The components are evenly distributed throughout and has a uniform appearance.
homogeneous mixture
Mixtures are made up of two or more components . Mixtures can either be a homogeneous or heterogeneous.
true
The components are not evenly distributed throughout and it doesn’t have a uniform appearance.
heterogeneous mixture
a particular kind of matter with uniform properties.
substance
is a material made up of two or more different substances which are physically combined.
mixtures
is a substance dissolved in another substance
solute
is a substance that dissolves a solute, resulting in a solution.
solvent
is a special type of homogeneous mixture composed of two or more substances.
solutions
A solvent is a substance that dissolves the solute.
Water is the universal solvent.
A solute is a substance dissolved in a solvent.
COMPONENTS OF A SOLUTION
is a solution of any substance in which solvent is water.
AQUEOUS SOLUTION
is an ability of the solute to be dissolved in a solvent.
SOLUBILITY
are those that conduct electricity.
e.g An aqueous solution of sodium chloride
electrolytes
are solutions that do not conduct electricity.
e.g An aqueous solutions of isopropyl alcohol (rubbing alcohol)
nonelectrolytes
Classification of aqueous solutions:
electrolytes and nonelectrolytes
The __________ of a substance refers to the maximum concentration that can be dissolved in a saturated solution.
solubility
It contains less than the maximum amount of solute.
It can dissolve more solute.
- UNSATURATED SOLUTION
It contains the maximum amount of solute dissolved by a given amount of solvent.
If you add more solute to the solvent, it will no longer dissolve because the solution has reach its saturation point.
- SATURATED SOLUTION
is the point beyond which the substance will no longer dissolve in the solution
SATURATION POINT
The presence of an excess solid which can no longer dissolve is an evidence that a solution is SATURATED, so…
Thus becoming SUPERSATURATED.
Solution that is more concentrated than a saturated solution.
Holds more solute than it normally could in its saturated form.
Supersaturated solutions are unstable.
- SUPERSATURATED SOLUTION
Factors Affecting Solubility
- Nature of solute and solvent
2. Temperature
3. Pressure
Solutions are important in our daily lives. We have to take note of the energy changes involved in their formation.
true
Effective encounters among solute and solvent particles will result in __________. This is when the solute particles eventually drift into the solution.
solvation
Energy absorption is sometimes necessary to break down the solute and solvent particles and overcome the respective intermolecular forces of attraction. This process is termed _______.
endothermic
At some instances, energy is released during interaction between solute and solvent molecules. This release of energy is referred to as __________.
exothermic
The |________________ accounts for the overall change in the energy associated with the formation of solution.
heat of solution
A substance that can dissolve in a solvent.
Example: Salt (NaCl) in water.
Soluble
A substance that does not dissolve in a solvent.
Example: Sand in water.
Insoluble
Two liquids that can mix together completely.
Example: Alcohol and water.
Miscible
Two liquids that do not mix and form separate layers.
Example: Oil and water.
Immiscible
