Solutions

Question 1

A mixture is made up of…

Answer 1

different pure substances mixed together.

Question 2

What is a pure substance?

Answer 2

A pure substance consists of only one type of particle, such as elements or compounds, with a consistent composition throughout.

Question 3

What is a mixture?

Answer 3

A mixture is a combination of two or more substances that are not chemically bonded and can vary in composition.

Question 4

What is a solution?

Answer 4

A solution is a homogeneous mixture where one substance (solute) dissolves into another

Question 5

How do temperature and agitation affect solubility?

Answer 5

Increasing temperature or stirring usually increases solubility for most solutes in solvents.

Question 6

How can insoluble substances form mixtures?

Answer 6

Insoluble substances can form suspensions or colloids, where particles are distributed but not dissolved.

Question 7

What is a saturated solution?

Answer 7

A saturated solution contains the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve at a given temperature.

Question 8

What does insoluble mean?

Answer 8

Insoluble means a substance cannot dissolve in a solvent (e.g., oil in water).

Question 9

What are some methods to separate mixtures?

Answer 9

Common methods include filtration, evaporation, distillation, and magnetic separation

Question 10

How does filtration work?

Answer 10

Filtration separates solids from liquids using a filter that lets only the liquid pass through.

Question 11

What is distillation?

Answer 11

Distillation is a method that separates components of a solution based on different boiling points.

Question 12

What are physical and chemical changes?

Answer 12

Physical changes alter appearance but not composition, while chemical changes result in new substances with different properties.

Question 13

What is a chemical reaction?

Answer 13

A chemical reaction rearranges atoms to form new substances, following the law of conservation of mass.

Question 14

What is an example of a chemical change?

Answer 14

Combustion, where fuel reacts with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide, water, and heat.

Question 15

What factors affect reaction rates?

Answer 15

Temperature, concentration, surface area, and the presence of a catalyst can all impact reaction speed.

Question 16

How does a catalyst affect a reaction?

Answer 16

A catalyst speeds up a reaction without being consumed in the process.

Question 17

What causes rusting?

Answer 17

Rusting occurs when iron reacts with oxygen and moisture to form iron oxide, a chemical change.

Question 17

How can rusting be prevented?

Answer 17

Preventative measures include painting, applying oil, or using rust-resistant alloys.

Question 18

What type of reaction is combustion?

Answer 18

Combustion is an exothermic reaction, meaning it releases energy as heat and light.

Question 19

Why is combustion important in energy production?

Answer 19

Combustion is commonly used to produce energy in engines, power plants, and heating systems.

Question 20

What are energy transfers?

Answer 20

Energy transfers occur when energy moves from one object to another, like heat flowing from a hot object to a cooler one.

Question 21

What are energy transformations?

Answer 21

Energy transformations change energy from one form to another, such as chemical energy to kinetic energy in a car engine.

Question 22

How do heat and temperature differ?

Answer 22

Heat is the energy transferred between objects due to temperature differences, while temperature measures the average kinetic energy of particles.

Question 23

What is thermal equilibrium?

Answer 23

Thermal equilibrium is reached when two objects in contact have the same temperature and no heat flows between them?

Question 24

What are examples of energy-efficient technologies?

Answer 24

Examples include LED lighting, solar panels, and insulation that reduces heat loss.

Question 24

What is energy efficiency?

Answer 24

Energy efficiency is the ratio of useful energy output to total energy input, minimizing energy waste.

Question 25

What is a suspension?

Answer 25

Large chunks of substances or elements, pieces are floating in a liquid.

Question 26

What is a decomposition reaction?

Answer 26

A reactant breaks up to form two or more products. Often the result of heating or passing electrical current through the reactant.

Question 27

What is a synthesis reaction?

Answer 27

Two or more reactants combine to form a single substance.

Question 28

What is a combustion reaction?

Answer 28

Always have oxygen as a reactant.