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NEET Physical CHEMISTRY > Solutions > Flashcards

Solutions Flashcards

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1
Q

Alloy BRASS contains elements……/……

A

Copper
Zinc

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2
Q

Statement I:German silver consists of elements Cu, Ni and Zn.
Statement II:Bronze consists of Cu and Au.

A

Statement I is correct and statement II is incorrect
Cu and Au form alloy TUMBAGA
BRONZE consists of Cu with Sn

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3
Q

………….. part per million (ppm) of fluoride ions in water prevents tooth decay, while……….. ppm causes the tooth to become mottled.

A

1

1.5

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4
Q

Sodium fluoride is used in………

A

rat poison

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5
Q

The ………….. determines the physical state in which solution exists

A

Solvent

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6
Q

Commercial bleaching solution contains 1.62 mass percentage of sodium hypochloride in water.
True or false?

A

False
commercial bleaching solution contains 3.62 mass percentage of sodium HYPOCHLORITE in water

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7
Q

………..% (v/v) solution of ethylene glycol, an antifreeze, is used in cars for cooling the engine.

A

35

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8
Q

At this concentration the antifreeze lowers the freezing point of water to……

A

255.4K

–17.6°C

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9
Q

Another concentration unit which is commonly used in medicine and pharmacy is………

A

Mass by volume percentage

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10
Q

A litre of sea water contains about 6 × 10–3 g of dissolved oxygen which can be represented as……..

A

5.8 ppm

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11
Q

concentration of pollutants in water or atmosphere is often expressed in terms of………

A

microgm/L or ppm.

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12
Q

Statement 1: naphthalene and anthracene dissolve readily in water
Statement 2: sodium chloride and sugar dissolve readily in benzene

A

Both are incorrect
naphthalene and anthracene dissolve readily in benzene
sodium chloride and sugar dissolve readily in water,

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13
Q

Solute particles in solution collide with the solid solute particles and get separated out of solution. This process is called as………

A

Crystallisation

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14
Q

Solution in which no more solute can be dissolved at the same……./……. is called a saturated solution.

A

temperature and pressure

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15
Q

In case of solution of solid in liquid if dissolution is endothermic solubility……….. with temperature and for exothermic solubility………. With temperature

A

Increases
Decrease

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16
Q

Assertion: Pressure does not have any significant effect on solubility of solids in liquids.

A

Reason: solids and liquids are highly incompressible and practically remain unaffected by changes in pressure.

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17
Q

Assertion: The solubility of gases increase with increase of pressure

A

Reason: This will increase the number of gaseous particles per unit volume over the solution and also the rate at which the gaseous particles are striking the surface of solution to enter it.

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18
Q

Henry’s law.

A

The law states that at a constant temperature, the solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the partial pressure of the gas present above the surface of liquid or solution.

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19
Q

Assertion: Aquatic species are more comfortable in cold waters rather than in warm waters.

A

Reason: KH value for O2 increase with increase of temperature indicating that the solubility of gases increases with decrease of temperature

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20
Q

Applications of Henry’s law

A

1 increase the solubility of CO2 in soft drinks and soda water, the bottle is sealed under high pressure.
2 Prevent bends in scuba divers
3 Prevent anoxia at high altitudes

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21
Q

Tanks used by scuba divers are filled with air diluted with helium having gaseous composition as……….

A

11.7% helium
56.2% nitrogen
32.1% oxygen

22
Q

For solution of gases in liquids dissolution is an………..process thus solubility shows……….with increase of temperature.

A

exothermic
decrease

23
Q

H2S,a toxic gas has……….. like smell

A

rotten egg like smell

24
Q

French chemist, Francois Marte Raoult 1886 gave the quantitative relationship known as …….

A

Raoult’s law

25
Q

At equilibrium, vapour phase will be always rich in the component which is more……..

A

volatile

26
Q

Raoult’s law becomes
a special case of Henry’s law

A

Only the
proportionality constant Kh differs from p0.

27
Q

Assertion:Decrease in the vapour pressure of water by adding 1.0 mol of sucrose to one kg of water is nearly similar to that produced by adding 1.0 mol of urea to the same quantity of water at the same temperature.

A

Reason: decrease in the vapour pressure of solvent depends on the quantity of non-volatile solute present in the solution, irrespective of its nature.

28
Q

Assertion: ethanol and acetone show positive deviation.

A

Reason: Due to weakening of interactions[ hydrogen bonds in ethanol] because of interference of acetone molecules, the solution shows positive deviation from Raoult’s law

29
Q

Assertion: Phenol and aniline show negative deviation.

A

Reason: Intermolecular hydrogen bonding between phenolic proton and lone pair on nitrogen atom of aniline is stronger than the respective intermolecular hydrogen bonding

30
Q

Assertion: Chloroform and acetone forms a solution with negative deviation

A

Reason: Chloroform molecule is able to form hydrogen bond with acetone molecule

31
Q

ethanol-water mixture (obtained by fermentation of sugars) on fractional distillation gives a solution containing approximately……….% by volume of ethanol.
It forms azeotroe.

A

95

32
Q

68% nitric acid and 32% water by mass, with a boiling point of 393.5 K. Forms …………. boiling azeotrope.

A

Maximum

33
Q

The osmotic pressure of a solution is the excess pressure that must be applied to the …….. side to prevent osmosis, i.e., to stop the passage of………… molecules through a semipermeable membrane into the solution.

A

Solution
solvent

34
Q

Statement 1:Measurement of osmotic pressure provides another method for determining molar masses of solutes.
Statement 2: This method is widely used to determine molar masses of proteins, polymers and other micro molecules.

A

Statement 1 is correct but statement 2 is incorrect

This method is widely used to determine molar masses of proteins, polymers and other macromolecules.

35
Q

Assertion: Osmotic pressure method has an advantage over other methods.

A

Reason: Pressure measurement is around the room temperature and molarity of solution is used instead of molality.

36
Q

Osmotic pressure associated with the fluid inside the blood cell is equivalent to that of…….% (mass/volume) sodium chloride solution, called ……………….

A

0.9

normal saline solution

37
Q

In 1880 van’t Hoff introduced a factor i, known as the van’t Hoff factor, to account for the extent of……../………

A

dissociation or association.

38
Q

Ascending order of HENRY’s law constants table:

A
  1. Formaldehyde: 1.83 \times 10^{-5} kbar
    1. Methane: 0.413 kbar
    2. Vinyl chloride: 0.611 kbar
    3. CO₂: 1.67 kbar
    4. O₂ (298 K): 34.86 kbar
    5. O₂ (303 K): 46.82 kbar
    6. Argon: 40.3 kbar
    7. N₂ (293 K): 76.48 kbar
    8. N₂ (303 K): 88.84 kbar
    9. H₂: 69.16 kbar
    10. He: 144.97 kbar
39
Q

Kb values in increasing order table:

A

• Carbon disulphide (319.4 K)
• Diethyl ether (307.8 K)
• Chloroform (334.4 K)
• Carbon tetrachloride (350.0 K)
• Ethanol (351.5 K)
• Benzene (353.3 K)
• Cyclohexane (353.74 K)
• Water (373.15 K)
• Acetic acid (391.1 K)

40
Q

Boiling point elevation constant[Kb values] order lowest to highest

A

From lowest to highest:

•	Water (0.52 K kg mol⁻¹)
•	Ethanol (1.20 K kg mol⁻¹)
•	Carbon disulphide (2.34 K kg mol⁻¹)
•	Diethyl ether (2.02 K kg mol⁻¹)
•	Acetic acid (2.93 K kg mol⁻¹)
•	Cyclohexane (2.79 K kg mol⁻¹)
•	Benzene (2.53 K kg mol⁻¹)
•	Chloroform (3.63 K kg mol⁻¹)
•	Carbon tetrachloride (5.03 K kg mol⁻¹)
41
Q

Freezing Point Depression Constant ( K_f ):

From lowest to highest:

A

• Water (1.86 K kg mol⁻¹)
• Ethanol (1.99 K kg mol⁻¹)
• Diethyl ether (1.79 K kg mol⁻¹)
• Benzene (5.12 K kg mol⁻¹)
• Acetic acid (3.90 K kg mol⁻¹)
• Carbon disulphide (3.83 K kg mol⁻¹)
• Chloroform (4.79 K kg mol⁻¹)
• Cyclohexane (20.00 K kg mol⁻¹)
• Carbon tetrachloride (31.8 K kg mol⁻ ¹)

42
Q

When solute get precipitated solution is known as

A

supersaturated solution.

43
Q

Though the concentration of solution doesn’t affect the vant Hoff factor much but as per the NCERT table 1.4 the value of vant hoff factor ……………. With dilution.

A

Increases

44
Q

Chloroform is soluble in water
True or false

A

False
It is insoluble

45
Q

Chloroform is soluble in water
True or false

A

False
It is insoluble

46
Q

For solution with concentration less than………. It is considered dilute

A

10%

47
Q

Pressure of pure water if not given then considered as………..

A

760mmHg

48
Q

Positive deviation from roults law

A

Cyclobexasol and eyclobexane
Ethyl alcohol & Acetone
Carbon Disulphide & Acetone
Methyl alcohol and water

49
Q

Negative deviation from raults law

A

CHCl3& benzene
Phenol & Aniline
CHCl3 & Acetone
CACl3 & Et-O-Et
Water & Acid

50
Q

Ziegler -Natta catalyst is a mixture of titanium tetrachloride and an alkyl derivative of aluminium i.e.

A

Al2(C2H5)6. TiCl3

NEET Physical CHEMISTRY (6 decks)

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