Solutions Flashcards
Brass is made up of
Copper(Cu) and Zinc(Zn)
German silver is made up of
Copper(Cu) , Zinc(Zn) and Nickel(Ni)
Bronze is made up of
Copper(Cu) and Tin(Sn)
What prevents tooth decay?
1ppm of fluoride ions in water
What causes tooth to be mottled?
1.5ppm of fluoride ions in water
High concentration of fluoride ions is..
Poisonous
Gas in gas solution given in NCERT text is
Mixture of oxygen and nitrogen gases
Liquid in gas solution given in NCERT textbook is
Chloroform mixed with nitrogen gas
Solid in gas solution given in NCERT is
Camphor in nitrogen gas
Gas in liquid solution given in NCERT is
oxygen dissolved in water
Liquid in liquid soltuion given in NCERT is
Ethanol dissolved in water
Solid in liquid solution given in NCERT is
Glucose dissolved in water
Gas in solid solution given in NCERT is
Solution of hydrogen in palladium
Liquid in solid solution given in NCERT is
Amalgam of mercury with sodium
Solid in Solid solution given in NCERT is
copper dissolved in gold(alloys)
Commercial bleaching solution is made up of
3.62 mass percentage of sodium hypochlorite(NaClO)
Composition of Antifreeze used in cars to cool the engine is
35v/v% of Ethylene glycol (CH2OH)2
antifreeze used in car engines lowers the freezing point of water to
255.4K or -17.6C
If dissolution of a solid in liquid is endothermic then it’s solubility
its solubility increases with increase in temperature
If dissolution of a solid in liquid is exothermic then
its solubility decreases with increase in temperature.
does temperature has any effect on solubility of a solid in liquid?
yes, increases solubility if dissolution is endothermic.. decreases solubility if not
does pressure affect the solubility of a solid in liquid?
no, solids are highly incompressible
what happens to the solubility of a gas in liquid if pressure is increased?
solubility of gas in liquid increases with increase in pressure
how is Henry’s constant(Kh) related to temperature? [ATMS]
directly proportional
what happens to the solubility of a gas in liquid if temperature is increased?
solubility of gas in liquid decreases with increase in temperature
if at a given pressure, Henry’s constant(Kh) value of gas in liquid solution is higher,then it’s solubility is
lower is its solubility
how is Henry’s constant(Kh) related to solubility? [ATMS]
Inversely proportional
To avoid risk of bends, the air tanks of scuba divers is diluted with
helium
the air tank of scuba divers contains
11.7% helium,56.2% nitrogen and 32.1% oxygen
Examples for nearly ideal solutions are
n-hexane and n-heptane
bromoethane and chloroethane
benzene and toulene.
Solutions that show positive deviations are
acetone+ethanol
carbon disulphide+acetone
Solutions that show negative deviation are
phenol + aniline
chloroform + acetone
Example for minimum boiling azeotrope is
mixture of Ethanol and water
Example for maximum boiling azeotrope is
mixture of Nitric acid and water
Boiling point of Nitric acid and water azeotrope is
393.5K
Composition of nitric acid and water azeotrope is
68% nitric acid and 32% water by mass
What happens to the vapour pressure of solvent when non volatile solute is added?
decreases
What happens to the vapour pressure of solvent if temprature is raised?
increases
when does a liquid boil?
when its vapour pressure is equal to the atmospheric pressure
When does a solution freeze?
when its vapour pressure equals the vapour pressure of solid solvent
Elevation of boiling point of dilute solution is directly proportional to
molal concentration of solute
The boiling point elevation constant Kb is also called
molal elevation constant (ebullioscopic constant)
name the synthetic semipermeable membrane
cellophane
The FPD constant Kf and BPE constant Kb depends on
nature of solvents
Freezing point depression constant is also called
molal depression constant(Cryoscopic constant)
Examples for semipermeable membranes are
pig’s bladder,parchment, cellophane
Freezing point depression constant for dilute solutions is directly proportional to
molality of solution(m)
Osmotic pressure of dilute solutions is directly proportional to
Molarity(M)
Osmotic pressure is useful because
*measurement is around room temperature(biomolecules are not stable at high temps)
*molarity is used instead of molarity
*magnitude is large for even very diluted solutions
Osmotic pressure is useful for
*calculating molar masses of proteins ,polymers,biomolecules and other macromolecules
Osmotic pressure associated with the fluid inside the blood is equivalent to that of
0.9% (m/v) sodium chloride solution
0.9% (m/v) sodium chloride solution is called
normal saline solution
the semipermeable membrane used in desalination of sea water is
Cellulose acetate
