solutions Flashcards
amphoteric
ability to react as an acid or a base eg water
solute
substance that gets dissolved
solvent
substance that dissolves the solute
what determines the state of matter of the solution?
the state of matter of the solvent
unsaturated solution
< maximum amount of solute
saturated solution
=max amount of solute
supersaturated
> max amount of solute
what allows solute particles to be dissolved
separation of the solute particless
a solution will form is a solute and a solvent…
have similar polarities
precipitation
double replacement reactions of aqueous solutions where a solid is formed
solubility
amount of solute that will dissolve in a given amount of solvent
electrolyte
a substance (solution) that breaks up into ions ,causing it to conduct electricity
molarity
the total number of moles of solute per liter of solution
strong electrolyte
high concentration of ions
weak electrolyte
low concentration of ions
non electrolyte
cannot conduct electricity at all (covalent bonded solutes are dissolved in water since they don’t split up)
colligative properties
property that is affected by the solute particles in the solution
colligative properties ex
VP goes down
BP raises
FP goes down
Molarity formula
M=MOL
L
molality formula
molality= mol
kg
dilution
McVc=MdVd
difference btwn concentrate &diluted solution
diluting a solution reduces the concentration by increasing the volume of the solvent
PH =
-log (H+)
H=
10^(-pH)
acids
H+>OH-
acid
proton donor
OH
proton acceptor
conjugate base
acid that donates a proton
conjugate acid
a base that has accepted a proton
titration
MaVa=MbVb
