Soluble Salts Flashcards
_ acids form readily in water
weak
_ acids do not form in _
Strong, water
If the anion is the anion of a weak acid, the salt will…
dissolve in the acid
How do you lower the pH?
Add acid
How do you increase the pH?
Add base
oxidation-reduction reaction is when one or more elements change _ _ during the course of the reaction
oxidation state
oxidation results in an _ in oxidation state
increase
oxidation results in a _ of electrons
loss
reduction results in a _ in oxidation state
decrease
reduction results in a _ of electrons
gain
reducing agent is the species that causes _ to occur
oxidation
soluble salts have a concentration of
_> 0.10M
insoluble salts have a concentration of
_< 0.010 M
slightly soluble salts have a concentration of
between 0.010M and 0.10M
0.010 M , x , 0.10 M
when there is an _ in common with salt, less will dissolve
ion
what makes precipitate form?
high concentration values
Use Qsp to determine…
if a precipitate forms
In a redox reaction, one of the last steps in balancing a basic solution is”
add OH- to neutralize H+
voltage, aka potential, is a measure of _ accompanying the _ _ _
energy, transfer of charge
current, the flow of electricity, is symbolized with
I
what does Q stand for?
charge
What is the SI unit for current (I)
ampere, c/s
What is the unit for charge (Q)
Coulombs (C)
You calculate current (I) by dividing _ and _
charge (Q) and time (t)
I=Q/t
galvanic cell is a device that uses a _ redox reaction to produce an electric current
spontaneous
electrolytic cell is a device in which _ from an outside source is needed to make a redox reaction occur
electricity
fuel cell is a device similar to a galvanic cell, but requires a continuous supply of reactants from an _ _
external source
in cell notation, anode is always positioned …
to the left
in cell notation, cathode is always positioned…
to the right
an inert electrode provides a surface on which the _ _ can occur
half-reaction
What is a usable inert electrode that can be utilized in cell notation?
Pt (s) (platinum)
standard electrode potential is based on the tendency for _ to occur at the electrode
reduction
standard hydrogen electrode (SHE) is used as a reference to measure the _ _ of other half-cells
electrode potential
standard hydrogen electrode (SHE) is internationally assigned a potential of _
0V
in a standard hydrogen electrode (SHE), what type of half-cell reaction occurs?
oxidation OR reduction, its based on the species in the other half-cell
if reduction occurs at the standard hydrogen electrode, it is called _ _ _
standard reduction potential
if oxidation occurs at the standard hydrogen electrode, it is called _ _ _
standard oxidation potential
E o cell = E o red + E o ex:
standard cell potential, for an electrochemical cell
two half-cells make an _ _
electrochemical cell
which side of cell notation includes the oxidation reaction?
left side, with anode
which side of cell notation includes the reduction reaction?
right side, with cathode
H2 –> 2H{+} + 2e{-} is an example of a
standard hydrogen electrode
H2 –> 2H{+} + 2e{-} has a potential of…
0V
in a spontaneous reaction, oxidized ions are called…
the reducing agent
in a spontaneous reaction, reduced ions are called…
the oxidizing agent
what kind of cells have spontaneous reactions?
galvanic (voltaic) cells
what kind of cells have non-spontaneous reactions?
electrolytic cells
Strong oxidizing agents react together to get a …
spontaneous reaction
If E o cell > 0 it is:
spontaneous and occurs in a galvanic cell
If E o cell < 0 it is:
non spontaneous and occurs in an electrolytic cell
E o cell = -0.76 V Is this spontaneous or nonspontaneous?
non spontaneous
E o cell = .76 V. Is this occurring in a galvanic cell or electrolytic cell?
galvanic
_ + H2O (l) —> H3O{+} (aq) + Cl{-} (aq)
HCI
