Solubility Rules and Ions ID and Flame Test Flashcards

1
Q

Nitrates

A

All soluble

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2
Q

Sulfates

A

All soluble apart from Lead Barium and Calcium

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3
Q

Chlorides, Bromides, Iodides

A

All apart from Silver and Lead

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4
Q

Carbonates

A

Most insoluble apart from Sodium Potassium and Ammonium

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5
Q

Hydroxides

A

Most insoluble apart from Sodium Potassium and Ammonium

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6
Q

Gas Test: Ammonia

A

Damp red litmus turns blue

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7
Q

Gas Test: Carbon dioxide

A

Limewater turns milky

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8
Q

Gas Test: Chlorine

A

Damp blue litmus is reddened then bleached

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9
Q

Gas Test: Hydrogen

A

Squeaky Pop Test

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10
Q

Gas Test: Oxygen

A

Relighted splint

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11
Q

Gas Test: Sulfur dioxide

A

Turns aq potassium manganate from purple to colourless

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12
Q

Anion Test: Carbonate

A

Add dilute HCl and bubbles of CO2 given off

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13
Q

Anion Test: Chloride

A

Add a few drops of HNO3 and aq AgNO3 then white precipitate AgCl formed

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14
Q

Anion Test: Iodide

A

Add a few drops of HNO3 and aq AgNO3 then white precipitate AgI formed

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15
Q

Anion Test: Nitrate

A

Boil with Al and aq NaOH and Ammonia gas formed

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16
Q

Anion Test: Sulfate

A

Add a few drops of HNO3 and aq Ba(NO3)2 then white precipitate BaSO4 formed

17
Q

Cation Test: Aluminium

A

Add aq NaOH dropwise and aq NH3 dropwise to two separate samples. In NaOH, the white precipitate formed dissolves in excess. In NH3 the white precipitate does not dissolve in excess

18
Q

Cation Test: Ammonium

A

Add aq NaOH and ammonia is produced

19
Q

Cation Test: Calcium

A

Add conc. aq NaOH. Thin white precipitate calcium hydroxide formed that is slightly soluble.

20
Q

Cation Test: Copper(II)

A

Add aq NaOH dropwise and aq NH3 dropwise to two separate samples. A pale blue gelatinous precipitate is formed in both samples. With excess ammonia deep blue solution.

21
Q

Cation Test: Iron(II)

A

Add aq NaOH dropwise and aq NH3 dropwise to two separate samples. A pale green gelatinous precipitate formed in both cases and is insoluble in excess.

22
Q

Cation Test: Iron(III)

A

Add aq NaOH dropwise and aq NH3 dropwise to two separate samples. A red-brown precipitate formed in both cases.

23
Q

Cation Test: Zinc

A

Add aq NaOH dropwise and aq NH3 dropwise to two separate samples. White precipitate first formed in both cases then with excess reagent both form a colourless solution.

24
Q

Cation Test: Chromium

A

A green precipitate formed in NaOH which is soluble in excess. A grey-green precipitate formed in NH3 which is insoluble in excess

25
Q

Flame Test: Barium

A

Pale green

26
Q

Flame Test: Calcium

A

Yellow-red

27
Q

Flame Test: Copper

A

Green-blue

28
Q

Flame Test: Lithium

A

Red

29
Q

Flame Test: Sodium

A

Orange

30
Q

Flame Test: Potassium

A

Lilac