solubility

Question 1

definition of solubility

Answer 1

mass of solid required to saturate 100 g of water at a particular temperature

Question 2

soluble

Answer 2

• all sodium, potassium and ammonium salts
• all nitrates
• most chlorides, bromides, and iodides except silver and lead chlorides, bromides and iodides
• most sulfates except lead and barium sulfates. calcium sulfates are slightly soluble

Question 3

Insoluble

Answer 3

• most carbonates except sodium, potassium and ammonia carbonates
• most hydroxides except sodium, potassium and ammonia hydroxides
• most oxides except sodium, potassium and calcium oxides which react with water

Question 4

definition of solvent

Answer 4

liquid into which solute dissolves

Question 5

definition of solute

Answer 5

solid which dissolves

Question 6

definition of solution

Answer 6

formed when a solute dissolves in a solvent

Question 7

definition of anhydrous

Answer 7

has no water of crystallisation

Question 8

definition of hydrated

Answer 8

has water of crystallisation

Question 9

definition of water of crystallisation

Answer 9

water has chemically bonded into the crystal structure

Question 10

saturated solution

Answer 10

no more solid will dissolve in the liquid at the temperature

Question 11

what happens the solubility of most solids when temperature is increased

Answer 11

solubility increases

Question 12

what is solubility measured in

Answer 12

grams of solid per 100g of water

Question 13

solubility graph what is the x and y axis

Answer 13

x= temperature
y= solubility g/100g

Question 14

method for determining the solubility of a solid

Answer 14

1. weigh a dry boiling tube
2. add some solid and re-weight
3. now add 10 cm3 of distilled water to the boiling tube
4. place a thermometer in the boiling tube
5. heat the boiling tube in a water bather until all the crystals dissolve
6. allow the solution to cool and record the temperature at which crystals appear

Question 15

what happens the solubility of gases as the temperature is increased

Answer 15

the solubility decreases

Question 16

explain the effect of increasing temperature on fish in a river

Answer 16

-many factories use water as a coolant
-as the water cools the machinery it becomes hot and runs into rivers and lakes
-the temperature of the water in the rivers and lakes increases
-the solubility of oxygen decreases with increasing temperature
-fish require oxygen as there is less oxygen dissolved in the water the fish will die