Solids, Liquids, Gases Flashcards
Equation: density =
density = mass/volume
Equation: Pressure =
pressure = force/area in Pascals or N/m2
Equation: Pressure in a liquid =
pressure in a liquid = depth x density x gravity
p = hpg
Pressure at any point in a liquid or a gas acts …..
equally in all directions
Pressure in a gas is caused by ….
particles in the gas colliding with the sides of a container or an object in the gas
Describe how to find the density of a regular object
with a ruler measure width, depth, height
volume = wxdxh
with a mass balance measure mass
density = m/V
Desribe how to find the denity of an irregular object
using a dsiplacement can
overfill can and leave on flat surface to drain excess water.
carefully lower object into can until emmersed and catch displaced water in measuring cyclinder
volume of water = volume of object
with a mass balance measure mass of object
Equation for specific heat capacity: Q =
Q = mc /\ T
Define specific heat capacity c
SHC is the energy required to increase the temperature of 1kg of substance by 1 degree
Describe the arrangement and motion of particles in a solid
regular arrangement
closely packed
vibrate in fixed positions
strong forces
Describe the arrangement and motion of particles in a liquid
irregular arrangment
closely packed
particles can move past each other
forces less strong than solids
Describe the arrangement and motion of particles in a gas
free fast random motion
far apart
weak forces
Describe the motion of molecules in a gas and why they exert a pressure
Particles have random motion
They exert a force on the walls of a container and hence a pressure
What is Absolute zero temperature in Kelvin and degrees C?
0K
-273 oC
To convert degrees C to Kelvin ……
add 273
0 deg C = 273K
To convert Kelvin to degrees C ….
subtract 273
What does increasing temp do to the average KE of molecules?
Average KE is directly proportional to temp
So hotter gases have faster moving molecules
Equation linking pressure and volume for fixed mass and temp
p1V1 = p2V2
Equation linking pressure and for fixed mass and temp in Kelvin
p1/T1 = p2/ T2
must have temp in Kelvin
