Solids, liquids, and gases (Unit 2) Flashcards
(23 cards)
For most substances, the distance between particles is smallest when the substance is..
a solid
why can an object float?
because the object is less dense than the fluid
Which phase change requires that energy be added?
melting, boiling/vaporization/evaporation
what is sublimation?
when a solid turns into a vapor without going through the liquid phase
what is the most common state of matter in the universe?
plasma
Explain a solid in terms of volume and shape
definite shape and volume
explain a liquid in terms of volume and shape
take shape of container and definite volume
explain a gas in terms of volume and shape
no fixed volume or shape
describe the particles motion in each phase of matter
SOLID - vibrate in place
LIQUID - move and slide around
GAS - move freely
What is Bernoulli’s principle?
as the speed of a fluid increases the fluid pressure decreases
What is Archimedes’ principle?
the buoyant force on an object in the fluid is equal to the weight of the fluid.
What is boyle’s law?
relates pressure of a gas to its volume
what is charles law?
relates temperature to volume
what is Pascal’s principle?
pressure applied to a fluid is transmitted throughout the fluid
What is the kinetic theory of matter?
all the particles of matter are in constant motion
As a substance heats up, how does the particle’s kinetic energy change ?
it speeds up and increases
define matter
anything that has mass and takes up space
Define viscosity
a liquids resistance to flow (honey)
How do you calculate density?
d = m / v
How do you solve for mass? For volume?
m = d x v
v = m / d
Explain the phase changes of matter
freezing = liquid to solid melting = solid to liquid condensation = gas to liquid vaporization = liquid to gas
What is melting point?
temperature at which a solid begins to liquefy
What is freeing point?
the temperature at which a liquid begins to solidify
