Solids, liquids, and gases (Unit 2)

Question 1

For most substances, the distance between particles is smallest when the substance is..

Answer 1

a solid

Question 2

why can an object float?

Answer 2

because the object is less dense than the fluid

Question 3

Which phase change requires that energy be added?

Answer 3

melting, boiling/vaporization/evaporation

Question 4

what is sublimation?

Answer 4

when a solid turns into a vapor without going through the liquid phase

Question 5

what is the most common state of matter in the universe?

Answer 5

plasma

Question 6

Explain a solid in terms of volume and shape

Answer 6

definite shape and volume

Question 7

explain a liquid in terms of volume and shape

Answer 7

take shape of container and definite volume

Question 8

explain a gas in terms of volume and shape

Answer 8

no fixed volume or shape

Question 9

describe the particles motion in each phase of matter

Answer 9

SOLID - vibrate in place
LIQUID - move and slide around
GAS - move freely

Question 10

What is Bernoulli’s principle?

Answer 10

as the speed of a fluid increases the fluid pressure decreases

Question 11

What is Archimedes’ principle?

Answer 11

the buoyant force on an object in the fluid is equal to the weight of the fluid.

Question 12

What is boyle’s law?

Answer 12

relates pressure of a gas to its volume

Question 13

what is charles law?

Answer 13

relates temperature to volume

Question 14

what is Pascal’s principle?

Answer 14

pressure applied to a fluid is transmitted throughout the fluid

Question 15

What is the kinetic theory of matter?

Answer 15

all the particles of matter are in constant motion

Question 16

As a substance heats up, how does the particle’s kinetic energy change ?

Answer 16

it speeds up and increases

Question 17

define matter

Answer 17

anything that has mass and takes up space

Question 18

Define viscosity

Answer 18

a liquids resistance to flow (honey)

Question 19

How do you calculate density?

Answer 19

d = m / v

Question 20

How do you solve for mass? For volume?

Answer 20

m = d x v

v = m / d

Question 21

Explain the phase changes of matter

Answer 21

freezing = liquid to solid
melting = solid to liquid 
condensation = gas to liquid
vaporization = liquid to gas

Question 22

What is melting point?

Answer 22

temperature at which a solid begins to liquefy

Question 23

What is freeing point?

Answer 23

the temperature at which a liquid begins to solidify