Solids, Liquids and Gases

Question 1

What are the 3 states of matter

Answer 1

Solids, Liquids and Gases

Question 2

Properties of a solid

Answer 2

High density, cannot be compressed, cannot flow, fixed volume and shape

Question 3

Properties of a liquid

Answer 3

Medium density, can be compressed, can flow, fixed volume but no fixed shape.

Question 4

Properties of a gas

Answer 4

Low density, can be compressed, can flow easily, no fixed volume or shape

Question 5

What are the 6 changes of state

Answer 5

Evaporation, melting, boiling, freezing, condensation and sublimation

Question 6

Describe evaporation

Answer 6

Liquid to gas, occurs at the surface of a liquid where some of the particles have enough energy to overcome the forces of attraction and escape and become a gas at a low temperature. Evaporation can happen at a range of temperatures but heating can speed up the process as the particles will have more energy.

Question 7

Describe evaporation in terms of movement and arrangement

Answer 7

Some particles on the surface of the liquid has enough energy to overcome the forces of attraction. The energy cause the particles to move quicker and spread apart randomly as the particles have weaker forces of attraction as they have overcome the forces.

Question 8

Describe condensation

Answer 8

Gas to liquid, when the gas is cooled they loose energy and bump into each other and they don’t have enough energy to bounce away so group together to form a liquid

Question 9

Describe condensation in terms if movement and arrangement

Answer 9

Particles slow down as the forces of attraction increase. The particles group together with some gaps and keep a irregular arrangement

Question 10

Describe boiling

Answer 10

Liquid to gas. Occurs throughout the liquid, requires heat which causes bubble of gas throughout the liquid. This causes particles to escape from throughout the liquid. The process only occurs at a specific point unique to every pure substance

Question 11

Describe boiling in terms of movement and arrangement

Answer 11

As the particles heat up, they gain energy, this means that move faster and they spread apart as they have enough energy to overcome the forces of attraction as they become a gas. The arrangement of particles stay random but more spread out.

Question 12

Describe freezing

Answer 12

Liquid to solid, the particles loose energy so bunch together in a repeated orderly pattern. Specific temperature same as the melting point

Question 13

Describe freezing in terms of particle arrangement and movement

Answer 13

The particles loose energy so slow down this is because the forces of attraction increase causing the particles to bunch together in an repeated orderly pattern and they only vibrate around a fixed position

Question 14

Describe melting

Answer 14

Solid to liquid. The process requires heat which changes to kinetic energy which allows particles to move. Only occurs at a specific temperature unique to every pure substance

Question 15

Describe melting in terms of particles and movement

Answer 15

As the particles are heated, they gain energy which means that they move faster, it also causes them to spread as the forces of attraction weaken. The arrangement becomes more random and irregular but particles still touch

Question 16

What is diffusion

Answer 16

Diffusion is particles moving from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

Question 17

What is gas pressure

Answer 17

Gas pressure is the force per unit area that particles collide with the walls of the container

Question 18

Factors that affect gas pressure

Answer 18

Temperature and change in volume