Solids, liquids and gases Flashcards
Density equation
(Kg/m3) = mass (kg) / volume (m3)
ρ = m/v
1000Kg/m3 =
1g/cm3 = density of water
The density of a stone
can be calculated by (dividing the mass of the rock) / (the volume of water being displaced)
volume of water displaced = volume of stone
Pressure equation
(Pa) = force (N) / area (m2)
P = F / a
Pressure in liquids and gases
The pressure increases with depth
Pressure in windows
Windows don’t collapse because the force applied inside is equivalent to the one aplied outside. So the resultant force is 0
Pressure at depth equation
(Pa) = height (m) * density (Kg/m3) * g(10)
P = hρg
Earth’s pressure at sea level
Pressure of earth’s atmoshpere at sea-level is 100 000 Pa
Pressure increase in earth
Under water, pressure increases 1 atmosphere (101325Pa) for every ten metres of depth
Barometer
When air pressure increases, the force acting on mercury increases, so it rises (sunny day). When air pressure decreases, the force acting on mercury decreases. Then mercury will go down (rain).
Absolute Zero
The temperature which particles have zero kinetic energy and do not move (there is a lowest posible KE)
0 K = -273ºC
Converting units (Kelvin to ºC)
Kelvin - 273 = ºC
Converting units (ºC to K)
ºC + 273 = K
Relationship (average KE vs Temp)
Average KE of particles is proportional to the temperature IN KELVIN
Relationship (average speed vs. Temp)
As average speed incresases, temp (kelvin) increases.
