Solid Wood Products and Joinery Flashcards
A thin layer just inside the inner bark where all new growth occurs is called the _______ _______.
Cambium Layer
Moisture and nutrients are transported upward from the roots to the branches and leaves where food is manufactured through the _________.
Sapwood
One annual ring is composed of one layer of light ______ and one layer of darker _______.
Springwood
Summerwood
As the tree grows and new layers of wood are added, the wood closest to the centre of the tree undergoes a change. The wood cells in the ______ cease to conduct sap and become darker in colour from the infiltration of gums, resins, oils, and tannin.
Heartwood
The walls of wood cells are largely made of ______. These tubes or cells are cemented together with a material called ______.
Cellulose
Lignin
Cells that are horizontal and radiate out the pith area called ______ ______.
Medullary Rays
Hardwoods are cut from ______ trees that lose their leaves in the fall.
Deciduous
Softwoods are cut from _______ or needle bearing evergreen trees.
Coniferous
A sawing method used to produce mostly edge grain boards is called ______ sawing.
Quarter
Quarter sawn lumber is less likely to warp than flat sawn lumber.
True or false
True
Does the strength of wood in eras or decrease as moisture content decreases?
Increases
The moisture content for framing lumber should be between _____ and _____.
12% and 19%
The term ______ ______ _______ refers to when the cell cavities are free of moisture, but the cell walls are saturated with moisture.
Fibre saturation point
Shrinkage ALONG the annual rings is _____ times as much as the shrinkage ACROSS the annual rings.
2 times
The abbreviation S-DRY on a grade stamp means:
Lumber that has been dried to a moisture content not exceeding 19% when it is surfaced.
